240 
THE RUR.AI 
NEW-YORKER 
February 2(5, 
barley 
three 
pound 
BUTTER FAILS TO COME. 
Can you give any reason why cream will 
not turn to butter sometimes in the Winter? 
Cows are fed on corn fodder, run to straw 
stack and have hay and a grain ration, 
possibly some rye in that. The tenant on 
my farm has had some trouble every Win¬ 
ter, but more this Winter than usual. I 
thought perhaps the rye had something to 
do with it. c. w. s. 
The trouble with your cream is prob¬ 
ably not due to the feed of the cows. 
Rye is said to have a deleterious effect 
on the quality of butter if fed in large 
quantities; not more than two or three 
pounds a day of this grain should be 
given. Your trouble is very likely' due 
to the improper ripening, or lack of 
ripening, of the cream. This subject is 
explained clearly and at length on page 
145 of The R. N.-Y. c. s. m. 
A BUSINESS IN FEEDING PIGS. 
, Next Fall 1 e-xpect to buy say about 25 
young pigs just after weaning to fatten for 
the next Spring market. Will you let me 
know about how many acres of the follow¬ 
ing I should plant this Spring to feed them 
for the Winter and until sold in the Spring? 
Oats and peas for hay ; barley ; buckwheat; 
sweet corn to sell; turnips. t. a. p. 
Bridgeport, Conn. 
Oats and peas may be cut green and 
made into hay for feeding horses and 
cattle, but this hay would not make 
satisfactory feed for pigs. Much of it 
would be trodden under, foot and wasted. 
Oats contain too much crude fibre for 
young pigs, and are always at a prem¬ 
ium for horses. Green peas (vines and 
all) are sweet, tender and nourishing, 
and may be fed fresh from the field to 
young pigs in the early Fall before roots 
are ready. Dried peas, either ground 
or soaked and fed whole, are very rich 
in protein and make an excellent ad¬ 
dition to the grain ration. Fed with 
in equal proportions, with about 
pounds of skim-milk for each 
of grain, and you have almost 
an ideal ration for producing bacon 
pigs. Where thick fat pork is desired 
nothing quite equals cornmeal for fin¬ 
ishing, although barley is a close second. 
Buckwheat is nearly equal to wheat in 
feeding value, but is apt to be high in 
price and is not as palatable as other 
feeds. Sweet corn can be fed in lim¬ 
ited quantities in the ear as it matures, 
but cannot be depended upon for Win¬ 
ter, as it is difficult to cure in large 
quantities. Sugar beets or mangels, 
especially the former, will be eaten 
more readily than turnips by young pigs, 
and will generally give better results. 
Assuming that the average weight of 
the pigs is 40 pounds when bought in the 
Fall, and that they are to be sold in the 
Spring when they weigh 200 pounds each, 
you will require (estimating roughly and 
assuming that all conditions are favor¬ 
able) about nine tons of grain. If you 
have skim-milk enough to feed in the 
proportion of three pounds milk to one 
pound grain, you may thereby save 
nearly half of the grain feed. If you 
have no skim-milk we would advise the 
following programme, which, however, 
may be modified to meet different condi¬ 
tions: If possible, buy early pigs that 
have run with the sows for eight or ten 
weeks. Give them the run of a pasture, 
or at least an open yard, during the Fall 
and until cold weather arrives. Provide 
a dry warm shelter with plenty of clean 
straw for bedding. If half an acre of 
rape can be provided for Fall pasturing 
quite a saving of grain can be effected. 
This 'should be sown on rich well-pre¬ 
pared soil at least five weeks before it is 
needed for feeding, at the rate of four j 
pounds seed per acre. There is no better 
grain feed for young pigs than wheat mid¬ 
dlings or shorts. Soak the middlings in 
water (or skim-milk if you have it) "for 
12 hours before feeding, making a thick 
slop, and giving what they will eat up 
clean three times a day. When cold 
weather comes on and the pigs are 
housed for Winter, feed barley meal with 
the middlings, equal parts of each. Five 
or six acres of barley should give you at 
least four tons of grain, which with the 
middlings should be sufficient You will 
require about five tons of middlings. 
This is assuming that you have no skim- 
milk. An equal acreage of corn would 
probably give you more grain than the 
barley, and you would have the stalks to 
pay for the extra labor. For best results 
corn should be shelled and ground and 
mixed in equal proportion with mid¬ 
dlings. During the Winter provide dry, 
warm, light, airy pens wtili clean straw 
or sawdust for bedding. Do not crowd 
too many into one pen. If there are two 
or three “underlings” try to give them a 
pen by themselves. Feed a few beets 
each day and give a few handfuls of salt 
and ashes once or twice a week. 
c. s. M. 
CURD MATERIAL IN SKIM-MILK. 
I keep hens, and also four Jersey cows, I 
run their milk through a separator, take 
the skim-milk and make curd for the hens. 
Is there any difference in breeds of cattle 
as to the amount of curd material after be¬ 
ing run through a separator? If so, what 
breed shall I keep to make curd from, and 
also what is the most practical book to buy 
for the care and breeding of cattle, and 
what book for guide in care and breeding of 
horses? l. l. b. 
The total solids of normal cows will 
vary from about ii per cent to nearly 
20 per cent, but the difference is mostly 
caused by variation in the fat, which 
may range from two to nine per cent. 
The curd is composed chiefly of casein 
and albumin, which are nearly constant. 
Comparing several analyses from a 
number of different sources, where in 
all probability several different breeds 
were represented, we find a variation in 
the nitrogenous material (curd) of only 
.4 per cent. We may assume, there¬ 
fore, that skim-milk from one breed is 
as good in quality as that from any 
other. Bette.r keep the Jerseys if they 
are good ones. For care and feeding of 
both cattle and horses Henry's “Feeds 
and Feeding” covers the ground as well 
as any book; price from this office, $ 2 . 
c. s. M. 
QUESTIONS ABOUT CLOVER FERTIL¬ 
IZERS. 
M. T. K., East Hillsboro, Pa.— 1. Can 
Crimson clover resist more drought thau 
Red clover, and would it be better than the 
latter for sowing at last cultivation of the 
corn, in latitude 40°, Pennsylvania. 2. 
Would Red clover run risk of being de¬ 
stroyed here by the little freezes if sown 
early in March? Will phosphate of lime 
nearly take the place of carbonate, in sup¬ 
plying lime deficiency in soil? 4. Would not 
line ground bone and potash mixed be a 
better fertilizer, to use, when seeding to 
grain and grass, than fertilizers as gener¬ 
ally sold? 
Ans. — 1 . With us Crimson clover 
starts better in a drought than Red. It 
seems to make a deeper root when small. 
The Crimson is much better for starting 
in corn. 2 . There is always some risk 
with seeding Red clover in March, yet 
we would rather sow it early when the 
ground is frozen or even on a light snow. 
3. Not entirely if you mean the raw 
phosphate or ‘■floats.'’ This is slower to 
decompose and give up its lime. There 
is not so much lime in the phosphate, 
and the lime in the carbonate is cheaper. 
4. The bone and potash would be better 
than the ordinary ‘‘phosphate,” but for 
best results on grass or grain we would 
like more available nitrogen. By adding 
nitrate of soda to the bone and potash 
you will have a good mixture. 
This 
is the trade¬ 
mark which is 
found on every 
bottle of the 
genuine 
Scott’s Emulsion 
the standard Cod Liver Oil 
preparation of the world. 
Nothing equals it to build up 
the weak and wasted bodies 
Of yOUng and Old. All Druggists 
Send 10c., name of paper and this ad. for our 
beautiful Savings Bank and Child’s Sketch- 
Book. Each bank contains a Good LuckPenny. 
SCOTT & BOWNE, 409 Pearl St., N. Y. 
THE HARD. 
PULL 
i/" 
You 
s h o u 1 d 
look well to the 
kind of feed you feed 
your work teams. It 
proves a serious loss to permit 
farm or work horses to run down in 
flesh, vim and energy at this time of year. 
It means a steady drain of earning power- 
enforced idleness—extra horse power, and ex¬ 
pense which can all be overcome with proper feed. 
There is more in feed than breed, and the sooner the 
farmer realizes this, the sooner he will solve many perplexing 
problems in connection with his farm work. In 
Schumacher Stock Feed 
The Perfect Grain Ration for All Farm Stock 
(he farmer will find a horse feed that will furnish sustaining power, energy, vim, stamina and good 
life under the hardest kind of work, becanBe it is composed of the proper gramB—corn, oats and 
»rtionM. 
■ SO per 
. _______ tiem look 
better, work better, feel better, a few days’ test of this feed will prove to you that It is the feed to 
feed. Remember that such eminent author¬ 
ities as Profs. Shaw, Henry and others 
recommend a variety of grains, finely 
f round and properly balanced, if your 
ealer does not sell it, write us. CHICAGO 
The Quaker Oats ©mpany 
Don’t buy till you see the 
4CtlA/UU/ 
tyle Book of 
V ehicles — Harness” 
Then you will know which is best— and costs least. 
Murray invites comparison of all catalogs. We are 
the oldest big designers in the country. Wehavethe 
best equipment, use only the finest materials, employ 
only the most careful workmen, produce large quan¬ 
tities, and sell direct to the consumer. Consequently 
we can undersell others quality for quality. 
Save money, sret tho most for your money, send for the 
largest, finest and most complete catalog of vehicles and harness 
ever issued. Our complete line is fully described 
and illustrated and is a mine of valuable information for vehicle or 
harness buyers. We pay the postage. FREE to you. 
THE WILBER H. MURRAY MFG. CO., 326-332 E. 5th St., Cincinnati, 0. 
Sold on 
trial 
Guaranteed 
2 years 
Say, Now, Be Fair About It— 
Haven't we all done pretty well the past year? Then let’s 
enjoy some of our success and Get fi Low Down 
Handy Wagon or a set of Low Steel W heels 
and make work easier for next year That's tho way 
to use prosperity. Get our Catalogue 
Havana Metal Wheel Co. 
Box 17 Havana, Ill. 
Low Wheels 
Low Lift! 
When you load your farm wagon over high 
wooden wheels it’s the last two feet of the lift 
that hurts. Lifting kills more farmers than 
pneumonia, consumption and typhoid combined. 
Cut it outl Get a set of 
EMPIRE LOW 
STEEL WHEELS 
for your farm hauling. They cost only 
half the price of wooden wheels and they 
save you tire and repair expense, save 
your team and save you. 'Write for new 
illustrated catalog showing Empire Wheels 
and Empire Handy Wagons. (7) 
EMPIRE MFG. CO., Box 296, QUINCY, ILL. 
HARVEY BOLSTER SPRINGS 
1 Soon save their cost. Make every" wagon a spring 
a wagon, therefore fruit, vegetables, eggs, etc., 
ibring more money. Ask for special proposition. 
I Harvey Spring to., 716.17th St., liacine, Wis. 
CIDER PRESSES 
THE ORIGINAL MT. GILEAD IIY-. 
DRAULIC PRESS produces morecider'l 
from less apples thau any other and is a 
BIG MONEY MAKER 
Sizes 10 to 400 barrels daily, hand 
or power. Presses for all pur¬ 
poses, also cider evaporators, 
apple-butter cookers, vine¬ 
gar generators, etc. Cata- 
log free. We are manufac¬ 
turers, not jobbers. 
HYDRAULIC PRESS MFG. CO.,, 
(Oldest and largest manufacturers of cider 
presses in the world.) _ 
137 Lincoln Avenue, Mount Gilead, Ohio 
Or Room 119 L 39 Cortlandt St., New York, N. Y. 
WESTERN CANADA 
Vhat Governor Deneen.ol Illinois, Says About lb 
Governor Deneen, of Illinois, owns a section 
of land in Saskatchewan, Canada. He 
has said in an interview: 
"As an American I am delighted 
to see the remarkable progress of 
Western Canada. Our people are 
docking across the boundary in 
thousands, and I have not yet met 
one who admitted ho had made a 
mistake. They are all doing well. 
There is scarcely a community in 
the Middle or Western States that 
has not a representative in Mani¬ 
toba, Saskatchewan or Alberta. 1 
125 MillionBushelsof Wheat in1909 
Western Canada field crops for 1909 will 
easily bring $ 170,000,000.00 in cash. 
Free Homesteads of 160 acres, 
and pre-emption of 160 acres at 
$3.00 an acre. Railway and Land Com- 
S anies have land for sale at reasonable prices. 
lany farmers have paid for their 
land on t of the proceeds of one crop. 
Splendid climate, good schools, 
excellent railway accommodation, 
low freight rates, wood, water and 
- lumber easily obtainable. 
For pamphlet "Last Best West," particulars 
as to suitable location and low settlers' rate, 
apply to Sup't of Immigration, Ottawa. Can., 
or to the Canadian Government Agent. (5) 
J. O. Duncan, Canadian Government 
Agent, Room 30, Syracuse Bank Build¬ 
ing, Syracuse, N. Y. 
FREE TRIAL TO YOU 
PLANT and FERTILIZE 
AT ONE TRIP 
NOW IS THE TIME TO ORDER 
Wonder Plow Trucks. 
.Write...., 
WONDER PLOW COMPANY, St. Clair, Mich 
Eclipse Com Planter 
and Fertilizer Distributer 
Improved row marker. Wide range for hill 
spacing 6 to 4a inches. Handles any kind of fer¬ 
tilizer in any condition, 50 to 450 lbs. per acre. 
We make a special gear which sows COO lbs. per 
acre. 1 lants all seeds accurately. Light draft, 
easily handled, quick and positive adjustments. 
We also make the 
Eclipse Two-Horse Two-Row Planter 
Write us. 
Belcher <& Taylor A. T. Co. 
Box 75, Chioopee Falls, Mass. 
INDRUROID 
ROOFING 
Requires no Coating of 
Paint. 
Acid and Alkali Proof. 
Elastic and Pliable Always. 
Strong and Tough. 
Absolutely Waterproof. 
Climatic Changes Do Not 
Affedt It. 
Practically Fire Proof. 
Can Be Used on Steep or 
Flat Surfaces. 
Any Workman Can Put 
It On. 
No Odor. 
Will not Shrink or Crack. 
Light in Weight. 
Does not Taint Water. 
Write for samples, prices 
and circulars. 
H. F. WATSON CO. 
ERIE, PA. 
Chicago, Boston. 
Mention R.N-Y. 
