304 
'THIS RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 12, 
FUMIGATION FOR SCAB; DRY 
BORDEAUX. 
In accord with your request on page 
140 in regard to treating scab-infected 
seed potatoes, I send herewith statement 
of my last season’s work and experience 
in that line. You will notice the potatoes 
had nearly a month in which to turn 
green and form little green sprouts. 
There were four windows in the room 
where I spread them after treatment. For 
several nights artificial heat was neces¬ 
sary to keep them from freezing. My 
yield was 596 bushels, the acreage 1 15-16 
acre. Rate of yield per acre 306.7 bush¬ 
els. The fungicide used was dry Bor¬ 
deaux. I made saturated solution of 
bluestone and used it as liquid with 
which to dry-slake the lime. The lime 
was fresh lump lime, and I put all the 
saturated solution with it necessary to 
cause the chemical action which leaves 
the lime just the least bit damp and a 
fine powder. During this chemical action 
the practically dry material looks as 
though it were boiling violently. With 
this dry powder I mixed my Paris green. 
I used this method because I had no 
horse spraying rig, and if the vines are 
to be sprayed “by hand” it is easier to 
apply the dry Bordeaux in the early 
morning than to carry a knapsack 
sprayer. 
Nearly one month before planting I 
brought over 35 bushels of scab-infected 
potatoes from the cellar and put in a 
small room in bins about 1 ^x 1 / 14 x 10 
feet. The bins were made from the sides 
of my portable chicken runs. Each side 
is a frame 10xl'}4 feet covered with inch- 
mesh netting. I fastened three of these 
together with hay-wire, and placed the 
center one on sticks of wood laid on the 
floor, bringing the outer ones into up¬ 
right position for sides, and holding 
from spreading at top by hay wire. Two 
others served as ends for three bins and 
still left passage way between. I then 
proceeded with the potassium formalin 
treatment described in The R. N.-Y. of 
March 13, 1909, page 270, only I left the 
room closed nearly four days. When I 
saw the potatoes I thought I had spoiled 
about half of them. They looked as 
though they had had smallpox; were 
pitted in all sizes of blotches up to nearly 
one-half inch in diameter. I spread the 
potatoes in a sunny room and for over a 
week it looked as though those blotches 
were starting points of decay. But they 
dried down and caused no trouble except 
that between two and three bushels had 
blotches in every eye and never sprouted. 
From these scabby seed potatoes I raised 
the most productive and finest looking 
crop of smooth potatoes I have ever har¬ 
vested. But in this connection perhaps I 
ought to note that I am sure the soil in 
the potato field is considerably sour, and 
thus adverse to scab growth. And yet 
why should not thorough fumigation kill 
all scab germs? Will some one tell me 
what caused those blotches? Also, why 
will not fresh lump lime do just as well 
as the potassium permanganate? 
Massachusetts, william s. spooner. 
r. N.-Y.—We repeat here the direc¬ 
tions for fumigating; 
“Where it is desired to treat the pota¬ 
toes on a larger scale, the following method 
is more applicable: Crate the potatoes and 
place in a tight room of known dimensions 
which can he securely closed and fastened. 
Place 24 ounces of potassium permangan¬ 
ate in a large dishpan and pour upon this 
four pints of formalin solution (40 per 
cent). Close the room tightly and leave the 
potatoes exposed for about 36 to 48 hours. 
The formaldehyde gas is liberated and kills 
the scab fungus without injuring the sprout¬ 
ing power of the seed. The above men¬ 
tioned proportions of material are given for 
1.000 cubic feet of space. The proportion 
should be varied, of course, when a larger 
space is used.” 
We shall have to pass the chemical 
questions up to our scientific friends. 
The blotches may have been caused by 
dampness on the potatoes. 
“What do you think of the weather, 
colonel?” “Oh, horrible, horrible!” “And 
how is your wife?” “Oh, much about 
the same, thank you!”—Pick-Ve-Up. 
Green Crops for Poor Soil. 
R., Alpine, A T . Y.—What is the quickest 
and best green crop to grow for fertilizing 
very poor land that was once good, but 
has been cropped and everything taken off 
for years? Clover will make but poor 
growth. It is a hill farm once sold for 
.$4,000, now can be got for $1,000, natural 
potato soil. Is Winter sand vetch good 
and a success as the catalogues say? Crim¬ 
son clover would make but a small growth. 
1 am afraid it is too cold for cow peas. 
How are Canada field peas? I want some¬ 
thing to plow under until I can get Mam¬ 
moth clover to grow. Some very dry soil 
and some a little damp in Spring. Soil 
mostly a gravelly loam. 
Ans. —Improving such a farm with 
nothing but green crops will be slow 
work. It has been done by sowing tur¬ 
nips in Spring, plowing them under and 
sowing buckwheat, following with rye. 
The next year the rye was plowed under 
and beans broadcast. These were fol¬ 
lowed by rye with clover seeded in the 
Spring. You will work much faster if 
you can use lime and fertilizers. Nearly 
all such land is sour—that is one reason 
why it fails to grow good crops. Usual¬ 
ly too, the best soil needs draining. In 
fact we feel sure that drainage, lime and 
green crops would soon double the value 
of these farms. Starting this Spring you 
could use lime and sow Canada field 
peas, plow them under in June and sow 
either field beans or buckwheat and tur¬ 
nips. These can be plowed under in 
September and rye seeded. There are a 
dozen crops of this kind which can be 
used—we only mention a few that are 
possible. Lime will help make them all 
larger and so will a fair amount of fer- j 
tilizer. If your fields are fenced you 
could pasture hogs or sheep on these 
crops, and thus improve the soil and at 
the same time get some returns. For 
your latitude we would not advise Crim¬ 
son clover or cow peas, and vetch is a 
doubtful proposition on such soil. Sweet 
clover is worth a trial, but we would at 
first depend on Canada peas, beans, buck¬ 
wheat, turnips and rye. The object is to 
stuff the soil with organic matter, but 
you can hardly expect to get clover 
Patented Oct. G, 1908 
You save time and labor by using the new 
FRUIT GROWERS’ 
FAVORITE PRUNING SAW. 
Leading orcliardists any it is the most practical 
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Address 
FRUIT GROWERS’ SAW CO., Scottsville. N.Y. 
OUR PEACH TREES 
Propagated from Bearing Tree* 
Rose Rushes on own roots. Small Frnit 
Plants good as can be grown anywhere. Let 
me send yon catalogue of our full line of stock. 
Send your address. L"t me quote you price on 
Fertilizer Chemicals you may need. 
W. L. McKAY. 
The Van Dusen Nurseries, Box R, Geneva, N. Y. 
We are the oldest, largest, most experienced, and 
responsible manufacturers of agricultural sprays 
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lllanchard’s “Lion Brand" is the standard of Pur¬ 
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“LION BRAND LIME SULPHUR SOLUTION” 
Is the most effective and safest spray for destroy¬ 
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costs leso than home-made or any other brand. 
Spray lor Scale now. 
“LION BRAND” BORDEAUX MIXTURE 
Made by us for over twenty years and guaranteed 
to contain nothing but purest and most effective 
ingredients. One gallon to 19 of water. 
“LION BRAND” PARIS GREEN 
We are the only independent makers. " Lion 
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SPRAYING BOOK FREE 
Our book on spraying for Scale and insect destroy¬ 
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for you, in practical language. We will send 
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THE JAMES A. BLANCHARD CO., 
645 Hudson Terminal ltldg.. New York City 
Factories—New York and St. Joseph, Mich. 
Live Agents Wanted Everywhere 
Seeds, Plants,Roses, 
'Bulbs, Vines, Shrubs, 
etc. Hundreds of car lots 
of FRUIT aiul ORNA¬ 
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1200 acres. 50 in hardy 
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44 greenhouses of Palms, 
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Seeds, Plants, Bulbs, Roses, Small Trees, 
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collections cheap in Seeds, Plants, Roses, etc. 
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today and see what values we give for your 
money. Direct deal will insure you the best at 
first cost. 56 years. [3] 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., 
Box 221, PAINESVILLE; OHIO 
Strong, healthy seedlings of true 
iHirdy Catalpa—Catalpa Speciosa 
;100 for SI.00 Postpaid, or 300 for 
$2.50 by Prepaid Express. Safe ar- 
| rival guaranteed. Seed 25c per oz. or 
$2.00 per lb. postpaid. Special Prices 
on large lots of seed or seedlings. - 
< BESSY FIELD SEED CO., Dept. 26, Shenandoah, lm. 
IN 
CHERRIES. GRAPES, 
VINES, SHRUBS, ETC. 
We offer New Y ork State Grown 
Trees, Ornamental Shrubs and 
Small Fruits, and prepay freight on all 
orders over $25. 
Dea.1 Directly with the Nursery 
1 1 will save you money and insure you 
the best stock. 
Write at once for our 1910 illustrated 
catalogue. Free. 
ALLEN L. WOOD. 
Rochester, N, Y. 
PRIVET HEDGING. 
Yon will want to plant early. 
Wo deliver free if order comes soon. 
APPLE and PEACH TREES 
A full list at present. 
ASPARAGUS and RHUBARB 
Our new catalogue is ready. Free. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., -:- Hightstown. N. J. 
BUY FRUIT TREES 
AT A BIG SAVING TO YOU 
Good Cherry Stock has been scarce for the past few years, 
yet we oiler best varieties at one-third off. Our Big 4 is a 
raoney-niakiug collection. Plant Pears now—Bartlett and 
the favorite Bturre Bose—exceptionally fine and the genu¬ 
ine. Plums and Peaches, except ours, have nearly doubled 
in price. Our Peaches are grown from buds from bearing 
trees. Many growers claim this point—few actually do it. 
Big savings’on all lines. You will be convinced* if you 
Send for Picture Catalogue 
contnlninc: illustrations of prize fruit and our bargain 
prices. We are also breeders of prize Hampshire Sheep. 
W. P. RUPERT & SONS, Box 20, Seneca, N. Y. 
A 5c. STAMP 
will promptly bring to you a copy 
of our Catalogue or one of our 
SALESMEN. 
THE M. H. HARMAN COMPANY 
(A household name.) 
Growers and Importers of everythino OCIJCV/A kl V 
of merit in the Horticultural line, ULlfLYAj II i I i 
TO TREE BUYERS. 
T HE difference between profit and loss in 
frnit growing is in getting started right 
by planting only the choicest stock. 
Harrison’s trees are grown on the Eastern 
Shore of Maryland, where the soil conditions 
are ideal for growing nursery stock. The. 
growing season is longer than in most 
nursery sections, which gives us a larger and 
stronger tree, and better matured. 
Our nursery comprises over 2.000 acres (the 
largest tree-growing establishment in the 
world). The growth of our business is due to 
the QUALITY of our stock and the pains¬ 
taking manner in which all orders are filled. 
If you want a dozen trees or a carload it will 
pay you to write us about your needs for Spring 
planting. 
Our booklets, “How to Grow Fruit" and "Howto 
Plant About tbe Country Home,” contain just the 
information you want on these subjects—price 2uc. 
each—but either or both free with llllli Catalog 
to anv reader of Thb KCBai, New-YORKER who 
will plant a tree or plant of any kind tbe coming 
Spring. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES 
Box 421. Berlin, Md. 
Trees, Plants & Vines 
Secure the VERY BEST grown. 
Send for onr FREE Catalog. 
THE ROCHESTER NURSERIES, Rochester, N. Y 
FRUIT TREES, 10 Cents 
Apple, Pear, Plum, Cherry. Hardy, thrifty, 
librous-rooted and well developed. Also a splen¬ 
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shrubs and roses. Catalogue free THOS. MAKES 
& CO., Nurserymen, Geneva. N. Y. 
EVERGREENS 
38 Hardy Tested Varieties 
Nursery grown, suitable for all pur¬ 
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have 50 millions. Our low prices will 
astonish you. Also Hardy Forest trees, 
Shade, Ornamental and Frnit trees. 
Shrubs. Vines,etc. Onr beautiful Catalog Is crowded 
with valuable Information. This and 50 Great bar¬ 
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D. HILL, Evergreen Specialist, Boy 212, Dundee, III- 
ADDTF TDFFC- 50 * 000 fnie straight. 
Arr LJu IlXELiJ healthy, stocky, well 
rooted trees. Leading 
varieties Tor Ohio, W. Va., Penn., New York State 
Prices reasonable. SALESMEN WANTED. 
1 Outfit free. Address 
W. T. MITCHELL & SON, -.- BEVERLY. OHIO. 
rn II |T Send for new catalog of Fruit and Orna- 
111 U I I mental Trees, Berry Plants, Asparagus, 
TnrrP etc. Get our prices before ordering 
InruS elsewhere. Stock fresh dug, direct to 
I UkLU planters at low prices. We grow the old 
fashioned, hardy WHITE SWEET CHKKKY. 
LAMOREAUX NURSERY COMPANY. Schoharie. N. Y. 
RAPEVINE 1 
Large stock. Best varieties. Best grade. 
Guaranteed true. We invite correspond¬ 
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large quantities. 
Special Offer. 
We will send, postpaid. 10 strong, hardy 
two-year-old GRAPEVINES—best varie¬ 
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Catalogue and price-list free. 
T. S. HUBBARD COMPANY 
Crape Vine Specialists 
350 CENTRAL AVE., FRE00NIA, N. T. 
Established 43 yrs. 
<The HOLDEN LIGHTNING TREE TRIMMER 
CTRONG, keen blade, driven by sliding hammer. Length of staff easily adjusted so reach any part of tree. Cuts 
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Send today for descriptive circular and price. AGENTS IVANTED. 
J. W. HOLDEN fit CO., 136 E. Pleasant Street,_ -J- _ Springfield, Ohio. 
FRUIT TREES AND PLANTS. 
It has been our specialty for years to grow the best stock for commercial planters. Our 
experience at your service. Our free catalog is full of valuable “pointers” for you. If 
you are interested in anything in Fruit or Ornamental Stock it will pay you to write ns early. 
BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO., Box 8, YALESViLLE, CONN. 
General Assortment. 
Renders are familiar with the 
Values we have offered through this paper for nearly 25 years. Beautiful 2-year Cherry, 3 to 4 ft., 
®7 per TOO. Our free catalogue will interest you. H. S. WILEY & SON,Drawer 5, Cayuga, N. Y . 
APPLE TREES FOR SALE, 
Car Leads 
Bartlett Pear Trees, io car loads for sale. 
9 car loads Peach Trees. 
12 car loads Cherry Trees. 
10 car loads Plum Trees. 
Many car loads of Small Fruit Plants 
d Vines, Grape Vines, Berry Plants, 
mamental Plants, Shrubs and Vines, 
All at Wholesale Prices, 
iend to-day for our big FRI IT CATALtRi. 137 
t pictures, etc., and a copy of -BIG L Kl I I 
TLUCTOlt, all a gift to you. 
Established 30 years. Capital, $100,000. 
Hook worth a Dollar fur IO Cents 
Send 10 cents for postage and mailing Green’s Book 
i Fruit Growing. 
lEEN’S NURSERY CO., Box 22, Rochester, N.Y. 
