THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
320 
19i0. 
A RURAL MAIL CARRIER TALKS. 
On page 194 I noticed an article by 
j. D. G., Indiana, in which he speaks 
very forcibly against the bill for in¬ 
crease in the rural carriers’ salary. I 
think anyone who speaks in this way 
must either be' “sore” or does not under¬ 
stand the situation. There may be 
high-salaried postal officials and overpaid 
railroads, but this does not apply to the 
rural carrier, at least in the Northern 
States, where he must battle blizzards 
and snow-banks for five months of the 
year, keep from two to three horses 
and pay $20 per ton for hay, $37 per ton 
for grain; shoe his horses and get new 
rigs every two years. And then if he 
has a family to support, it requires econ¬ 
omy to come out even. There are some 
who envy the other “his job”; some 
even envy the gravedigger, but the man 
at the plow handles or the wheelbarrow 
is never overpaid, and the rural carrier 
holds the same place in the postal serv¬ 
ice that these men do in their respective 
places, the bottom of the ladder. As 
far as the parcels post is concerned, 
the rural carriers are not objecting: if 
this will bring anv more revenue to 
Uncle Sam so much the better, even 
though it mav increase the work. The 
rural carriers will work willinelv: thev 
are of the working class. All they ask 
is fair oav for hard work, that they 
mav meet expenses and support their 
families. o. b. 
Michigan. 
A SERIOUS EUROPEAN POTATO DISEASE 
Bulletin No. G3. recently issued from 
the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, 
Canada, and prepared by H. T. Gus- 
sow, F. R. M. S., botanist, is a warning 
to all potato growers on the continent 
of North America to guard against the 
introduction of this serious malady which 
has unfortunately assumed such danger¬ 
ous dimensions in Europe, where it has 
been rapidly spreading for the past thir¬ 
teen vears. In England it has been 
known since 1901. It is there called 
p itato canker, black scab, wartv disease, 
or cauliflower disease of potatoes. It 
has hitherto been unknown on the conti¬ 
nent of America, but was recently rec¬ 
ognized by Mr. Gussow (who studied 
the disease in Europe), on diseased speci¬ 
mens of potatoes sent from a locality 
in Newfoundland. When a crop is once 
attacked there is no hone of being able 
to save it. and the ground on which 
a diseased crop has been raised will be 
unfit for potatoes again for a period of 
six vears: so there is little danger of 
exaggerating the seriousness - of this 
maladv. The disease is chiefly spread 
bv planting infected seed tubers, and 
Mr. Gussow says, “Great care should 
be taken when planting potatoes, es¬ 
pecially when imported from any part 
of Europe, to ascertain whether the seed 
tubers came from infected areas.” 
"In the earlv stages of the disease, 
the eyes will be found to be slightly pro¬ 
truding in the form of a single or com¬ 
pound group of small nodules varying 
from the size of a pin’s head to that of 
a pea. This nodule mav be distin¬ 
guished from a sound eye by its color 
which is a rustv brown, instead of the 
white, rose or purplish color of a healthy 
eve. Further stages of the disease are 
as follows: Some tubers will be found, 
when the crop is harvested, with more 
or less than one-half of them covered 
by nodular excrescences which may be 
irger than the original tuber itself. The 
rowth consists of a mass of coral-like, 
or more or less scaly excrescences or 
' odules similar in appearance to the well- 
nown crown or root gall of apples, 
i he growth is not spongy and not de¬ 
tachable from the tuber. ... In ad¬ 
vanced stages the tubers are wholly 
vered bv this growth, having lost every 
resemblance to potatoes.” 
I his disease is considered the most 
■erious nest attacking potatoes. No 
ound tuber is sound from a crop that 
■ attacked. “Fields at harvest time in 
affected areas, present the most hopeless 
appearance; the disease has caused the 
greatest havoc in all localities where it 
has appeared.” May we all exercise the 
utmost vigilance and take every pre¬ 
caution to prevent this disease from get¬ 
ting a foothold in the United States and 
Canada. c. s. moore. ' 
BUCKWHEAT AND ITS PRODUCTS. 
Buckwheat flour has but one use; it is 
made into cakes invariably, and no other 
form of bread can be successfully made 
from it. It does but one thing and does 
that exceedingly well, for it forms the 
staple diet of most of the farmers living 
in the sections where it is grown, for at 
least five months of the year. On its trip 
city-ward, however, before going through 
the hands of very many middlemen, it is 
mostly mixed with an equal amount of 
wheat middlings, and with a few chemi¬ 
cals added it appears on the market as 
“self-raising.” There are two kinds of 
buckwheat flour produced : one is known as 
the old “burr process” and the other as 
the. “roller process.” In the former the 
grain is ground between old-fashioned mill 
stones and bolted; the bran contains the 
middlings and hulls mixed. This bran sells 
for 60 cents per hundred, and is used to 
feed cows. I have fed a great deal of it 
thus, and consider it poor stuff alone, but 
mixed with an equal amount of ground 
corn and oats it makes a very good feed 
for milch cows. Ground in this manner a 
bushel of buckwheat makes from 20 to 30 
pounds of flour, and from 10 to 15 pounds 
of bran. Last Fall we received from $2.25 
to $2.50 per hundred for the flour. In 
the “roller process” the hull is first re¬ 
moved by a special machine. The grain 
is then ground by rolls similar to those 
used in grinding wheat, and the middlings 
are sifted out. The hulls have no value, 
and are thrown out as waste ; the middlings 
are worth in the market about the same as 
wheat bran. While' 1 cannot give the ex¬ 
act figures of the analysis (though I have 
often seen it stated), I am sure that these 
middlings rate much higher in protein and 
fats than either wheat bran or cornmeal, 
alone. Yet buckwheat middlings are not 
a satisfactory feed, unless mixed with an 
equal amount of wheat bran, and some 
oil meal to balance the ration. Used alone 
the cows do not relish it. and will shrink 
in their milk. It also causes digestive 
troubles. The flour produced by the 
“roller process” is not considered quite as 
good as that made by the “burr process.” 
F. p. r. 
Locust Grove, Pa. 
R. N.-Y.—The following table shows the 
comparative analyses in pounds per 100: 
Carbohy- 
Protein. drates. Fat. 
Buckwheat middlings. . 22. 33.4 5.4 
Cornmeal . 7.9 66.7 4.3 
Wheat bran . 12.2 50. 3.8 
The buckwheat hulls appear to have little 
value until they get into the so-called 
“mixed feeds.” 
The first Thing You See 
when inspecting Anthony 
Fence, is this knot — the 
smallest, strongest, tightest and 
Smoothest ever made in ANY r wire 
fence. Anthony Fe.nee Machines weave 
Anthony quality hard steel wire into 
the “Best Fence on Earth”—the 
An tlionq Fence 
Heavily galvanized, carefully inspected 
and accurately made, it "sets” right when 
properly erected—up hill or on level. 
Large wires (No. 9 gauge) used unless 
you want a lighter fence. You get all 
you pay for in Anthony Fence. 
WRITE US TO-DAY for a hand sample 
Showing Anthony Knot, and our prices. 
The Anthony Fence Co., 
10 Michigan Street 
Tecumseh, Mich., U.S.A. 
ANCHOR FENCE 
All styles for FIELD and 
LAWN. Best Material and 
construction. Free sample 
and catalog. 
Dept. O. Anchor Fence & Manf. Co. Cleveland, 0. 
“Let’s Not Buy Another Thing 
Till We Put the Fences Right” 
T HE far-sighted farmer will say that when temptations arise to let 
the ready money go for some luxury. The luxury is an expense ; 
the good fence is an investment — a. producer. A farmer is losing 
money fast until he has his farm fenced off into a sufficient number of 
fields to permit of the proper rotation of crops [and the most advan¬ 
tageous pasturing of stock. 
The fields of a farm are like the rooms in a hotel—the more rooms 
or fields, the more revenue. 
AMERICAN FENCE 
Made of Hard, Stiff Wire 
of Honest Quality 
is an investment that brings the most returns for the money paid out. It is made of 
a quality of wire drawn expressly for woven-wire-fence purposes by the largest man¬ 
ufacturers of wire in the world. Galvanized by latest improved processes, the best 
that the skill and experience of years has taught. Built on the elastic hinged-joint 
(patented) principle, which effectually protects the stay or upright wires from break¬ 
ing under hard usage. 
F. BAAGKES, V. P. & G. S. A. 
American Steel &. Wire Go. 
CHICAGO NEW YORK DENVER SAN FRANCISCO 
NOTE.— Dealers everywhere. See the one in your town anil have him show you 
the different designs and give prices. Also got from him booklet entitled, “HOW TO 
BUILD A CHEAP CONCRETE FENCE POST,” lurnished free for the asking. 
VoFence 
Buyers 
I Want to Send 
ou This Free Book 
’before you buy a rod of 
fence Take my word for 
it. it will pay you to give 
me the chance. It’s a 
book about 
EMPIRE 
All-No.-9 Big Wire Fence 
I’ve had my say about fence in this 
book and I want you to read it. Most 
profitable fence in the world to buy, 
as I'll show you. 
THERE’S A NEW THINC ABOUT IT 
It’s now soul delivered to fence-buyers every¬ 
where—not just in certain sections, but every¬ 
where In the U- S. Plainly priced in the book 
(factory prices) and the factory pays the freight 
to your railroad station. 
Send me a card or letter for book right away. 
I’m going to send out 45.000 of these books to 
farmers this fall, but I'll get them out promptly. 
Address FARMER JONES, Fence Man for 
BOND STEEL POST CO. 
23 E. Maumee St Adrian, Mich. 
LAWN FENCE 
Many designs. Cheap as 
wood. 32 page Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to 
Churches and Cemeteries. 
Coiled Spring Fence Co. 
B 0 X 314 Winchester Ind. 
Don’t Rust Farm Fence 
mmmMi 
Extra heavily galvan¬ 
ized. Sold direct to 
farmers at nKinufuctur- 
ers* prices. 30days’ free 
trial. Freight prepaid. 
Also Poultry and Orna¬ 
mental Wire and Iron 
Fences. Catalogue free. 
Write for specie 1 offer. 
The Ward Fence Co., 
Box 338 Decatur, Ind. 
UWIIMli 
48IN. F U„d E 27c 
Best high carbon coiled steel 
wire. Easy to stretch over 
hills and hollows. FREE 
Catalog—f ences, tools. Buy 
from factory at wholesale 
= prices. Write today to Box 67 
° W. H. MASON, LEESUI KU, 0. 
FENCE 
Madoof High Carbon Double Strength 
Colled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to 
prevent rust. Have no agents. Sell at 
factory prices on 30 days’ free trial. 
We pay all freight. 37 heights of farm 
and poultry fence. Catalog Free. 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box 263 Winchester, Indiana. 
NOW IS THE TIME TO ORDER 
Wonder Plow Trucks. 
.....Write..... 
WONDER PLOW COMPANY, St. Clair, Mich- 
I Your stock Is 
! kept inside and 
I other stock out- 
; side if your pastures’ 
are enclosed with 
SUPERIOR 
WIRE FENCE 
This is unquestionably the 
most substantial fence made 
owing to the high carbon coiled 
spring steel wire and the Superior 
Heavy WeightLock used in its con¬ 
struction. 
OUR 
All styles, weights and spacing*. 
. Steel Gates for every purpose. 
Low Prices Easy Terms 
a Write for Free catalog. 
THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. 
Dept. 0. Cleveland, Ohio | 
.a*. 
•fil 
LOCK 
Don’t Wear 
a Truss 
Brooks’ Appliance, 
the modern scientific 
invention, the wonder¬ 
ful new discovery that 
cures rupture, will be 
sent on trial. No ob¬ 
noxious springs or 
pads. Has automatic 
Air Cushions. Hinds 
and draws t li e 
broken parts to- 
tlio Discoverer gother as you would 
a broken limb. No 
salves. No lies. Durable, cheap. Vat. Sept. 10.’01. 
Sent on trial to prove it. Catalogue and 
measure blanks mailed free. Send name and 
address to-day. 
C. E. BROOKS, 2775 Brooks Building, MARSHALL, MICH. 
Y MAKE 
PERMANENT 
Republic Ornamental Fences will last a life¬ 
time, for they are made of large, heavily galvanized 
Bessemer Steel wire that will not rust out, break 
sag. Republic fabrics are made by cabling to¬ 
gether horizontal wires and inserting upright picket wires 
Rich are corrugated only where they pass between the 
cable strands. This prevents the fence from sagging out of 
shape and does away with the injury done to the galvanizing 
where the method of continuous crimping is used. 
There are many important, exclusive features in Republic con¬ 
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Write to-day for our catalog showing the many styles of fence and our 
high carbon, extra heavy, tubular steel farm gates. 
The Fence and Gate facts it contains will be worth money to yon. 
Republic Fence & Gate Company 
Republic Street, North Chicago, Illinois 
