340 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 19. 
HEADING BACK APPLE TREES. 
One of our readers wants to know if the 
apple growers in the East practice heading 
the young apple trees back with upright 
growers, like Sutton Beauty and similar 
varieties.. Do they practice this, or do ‘‘hey 
depend upon the crops as they come to 
hang down and bend at the proper time? 
In case they do head them, at what age 
do they discontinue? 
My practice has been to keep rather 
close heads upon all young apple trees, 
and such varieties as Sutton Beauty need 
more or less cutting out of the long, 
slender branches before the head be¬ 
comes too bushy. The best possible 
growth of a tree is made when the head 
is fully supplied with large, vigorous 
foliage, each leaf of which has full 
amount of exposure to sunlight and air. 
Open-headed trees like the Baldwin, 
King and R. I. Greening need but little 
pruning while young, except the cutting 
out of small branches where they cross 
or lie upon branches under them. Upon 
old trees where too high or unpruned, 
or where too closely planted, the lower 
branches or those smothered by growth 
above them become weak, and the com¬ 
mon practice is to cut such branches out 
entirely, which practice after a few years 
leaves our trees with a few long, bare 
main branches with tufts of small 
branches at the tops only, difficult to 
reach for spraying, thinning or harvest¬ 
ing the fruit. This injury is increased 
by cutting off all of the sprouts that 
start out along the main branches in an 
effort to repair the waste of the sap by 
evaporation along these bare branches, 
exposed to hot sun and drying winds. 
Some of these strong, vigorous suckers 
or sprouts should be allowed to grow 
wherever there is space for their growth 
above or around them, and in a short 
time will become the best part of the 
trees. The remedy for dying off of the 
lower branches lies in cutting out every 
( ther tree where too closely planted, or 
by severely pruning the center of the 
tree and ends of the main branches. 
Massachusetts. s. t. maynard. 
Stunted Onion Sets. 
R. C. M., Elysburg, Pa .—Last year we 
planted some Prizetaker onion seed. On 
account of the dry weather they only grew 
(o about the size of sets. If we plant 
(hem out this Spring will they grow full 
size, or only to bunching size? 
Ans.— I should think that the sets 
will make good-sized onions if planted 
early. The only danger I would suppose 
will be that they may run to seed, which 
of course will spoil the onion. But if 
they do not run to seed I can see no 
reason why they will not make good- 
sized onions. w. f. massey. 
Hauling Soil kom a Swamp. 
G. A. A., Orleans Co., N. T .—I own a 
swamp lot three miles from my farm. The 
road is good and down hill. Would it pay 
me to haul this muck this distance and 
compost it with equal parts of stable ma¬ 
nure, using liquid manure from the barn¬ 
yard to keep it moist? The muck can be 
dug out and drawn for about 75 cents per 
load. 
Ans. —It will depend on the quality of 
this soil. Swamp muck varies greatly. 
We have analyses running all the way 
from two pounds to 25 of nitrogen in a 
ton of soil as taken from the swamp. 
It will pay you to take a fair sample and 
have it anafyzed. We believe it will pay 
to haul and mix with manure as a com¬ 
post. We would add lime as the pile is 
made up—and keep this pile covered 
with a six-inch covering of the swamp 
soil. Remember that these soils while 
strong in nitrogen contain but little pot¬ 
ash and phosphoric acid. 
What the Soil Needs. 
C. T. B., New Carlisle, Ind .—We have 
some poor land. We have tried lime on 
it and it does no good. Stable manure 
seems to do very little good either. We 
have tried wood ashes and that seems to be 
just the thing. What is it our land needs? 
It is level laud. 
Ans. —Since lime does not help we 
may assume that the land is not sour and 
that it is in fair condition. As stable 
manure doe's not produce good crops we 
conclude that this soil is not greatly in 
need of either vegetable matter or nitro¬ 
gen. If nitrogen were lacking, as is 
usually the case with poor soils, the ma¬ 
nure would make a good showing. Wood 
ashes contain lime, potash and a small 
amount of phosphoric acid. As lime 
alone does not help we conclude that 
potash is the element needed. From 75 
to 150 pounds of muriate of potash per 
acre will give good results. 
Apple Pomace with Ashes. 
I do not agree with W. Williams on page 
180 about apple pomace. I have no doubt 
that it will sour land and kill grass, but 
I have used it more or less for nine years, 
on corn land generally, but last year I had 
five or six loads I put on oat ground, which 
I seeded down. 1 get all the ashes from 
a nearby sawmill and make quite a lot my¬ 
self. These are mixed with the pomace 
and spread together. The mixture is not 
complete, generally more pomace than ashes. 
That which 1 put on the oat ground last 
Spring was nearly all pomace, but when I 
cut the oats the clover was three inches 
higher along the pomace strip than any¬ 
where else in lot. Before I used the ashes 
1 drew it out on corn land and as top¬ 
dressing for wheat, and never had any bad 
effect, but I think the ashes sweeten it 
quite a good deal. An experiment station 
told me to spread lime with it or draw 
out in Winter, which would neutralize the 
acidity. I cannot get enough humus, and 
think the pomace helps some. It is a 
good feed for cows if kept fresh and sweet. 
Ontario Co., N. Y. H. F. C. 
E. M. G. claims pomace and wood ashes 
made his grass and clover grow. It was 
not pomace that made his grass and clover 
grow; it was wood ashes. I have used 
wood ashes for years on high shaly ground 
where lawn grass and clover would not 
grow, and after applying wood ashes I had 
a fine catch of grass and clover. We have 
large wood fireplaces, and we save all ashes 
for top-dressing poor lawns, put on in 
March. John pressler. 
Allegheny Country Club, Pa. 
R. N.-Y.—We might carry it further and 
say that it was probably the lime in the 
ashes that did the trick. 
Seed Potatoes 
HS^BIG SURPLUS of 
best Early, Medium and Late 
Varieties. Special Prices that 
will move them this month. 
Satisfaction Guaranteed. 
Tell us what you want, QUICK! 
O.A.D. BALDWIN, Bridgman, Mich. 
(OAK STREET) 
WHOLESALE PRICES 
Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Grape and Our rant Plant* 
Extra Heavy Rooted High Grade Stock. 
18tli Annual Wholesale and Retail Catalogue Free 
A. It. WESTON & CO., R. 8 , Bridgman, Mich 
SWEET CORN 
VICK’S GOLDEN NUGGET. The sweetest of all ; 
tender and juicy, Kars seven inches long. Unsurpassed for 
yield and quality. Packet lftc, half pint 25c. Send for Vick’s 
Garden and Floral Guide for 1910—It is FREE. 
JAMES VICK'S SONS, 430 Main Street, ROCHESTER. N. Y. 
ArmO AS goodasthe BEST! 
V LL || V Our usual complete line of 
| Jl I I Karin anti Garden Seeds, 
W La [Lb Is# W Poultry Supplies, Insecti¬ 
cides and Sprayers. We maxe a specialty of 
best quality seeds of standard varieties, and our 
seeds represent highest percentage of purity and 
germination. Government tests invited. Valuable 
samples. Also our Common Sense 1910 Seed 
Catalog 1' KEE. Write today. All inquiries cheer¬ 
fully and promptly answered. 
EIKENBERRY BROS., Camden, Ohio. 
Aultfather’s Quart BASKET 
BERRY and POTATO Crates 
are the best on the market. 
Special prices to enquirers of 
this ad. Catalogue free. 
H. H. Aultfather, Box 1001, Minerva, 0. 
For Best EXTENSION LADDER “ 
JOHN J, POTTER.lt Mill t., Binghamtoon, N. Y. 
TO FORTUNE HUNTERS 
Forty-three acres apple orchard. Thirteen and 
twenty-one years old. Mostly winter apples. Two 
miles from town. Price, $3,500. HALL S FARM 
AGENCY, Owego, Tioga County, N. Y. 
OUR DANSVILLE GROWN TREES 
are the best because the 
planter gets them freshly 
dug, true to name and per¬ 
sonal attention given every 
order. You run no risk with 
poorly kept storage stock; we 
take pains, you get results. 
Matchless Garden 
Collection 
12 Trees, Value $1.90, for 98 Cents 
1 Roosevelt, 2 Lombard, 1 Bradshaw Plum; 1 
Montmorency, 1 Windsor Cherry; 1 Niagara, 
1 Elberta Peach; 1 Baldwin, 1 Dutchess Apple; 
1 Orange Quince and 1 Bartlett Pear. All trees 
first class, 4 feet high. 12 trees. Value $1.90 for 98c. 
Send us a list of your wants for wholesale 
prices. Everybody write for free il¬ 
lustrated catalogue. 2 Apple trees, 1 McIntosh 
and 1 Banana foi 25 cents, postpaid. 
Maloney Bros. & Wells, Box Dansville, N. Y. 
. ONE MAN DOES 
WORK OF TWO 
With Iron Age If idirur C’nlti- 
vntoi’H. You can do it easier and 
better, because they arc built on 
lines that make this possible. 
Hoes ire under perfect control. 
Can regulate depth and 
keep hoes desired dis¬ 
tance from growing 
plants. More ad¬ 
vantages in our 
IRON AGE 
Book. It’s 
FREE. 
BATEMAN MFS. CO., Box 102-C, CRENLOCH. 
HEATING 
Write for catalogue and special infor¬ 
mation on heating for any purpose; 
residences, large buildings, greenhouses, 
poultry houses, etc. We make the famous 
KROESCHELL 
HOT WATER BOILER 
KROESCHELL BROS. CO. 
4^8 West Erie Street Chicago, Illinois 
MARKET GARDENERS’ PAPER 
Weekly Market Grower’s Journal—an up-to-date paper 
especially for your business. $1.00 a year, 52 issues. For 
10 cents and names of three market gardeners we will 
send it ten weeks. A live paper for live people. 
Market Growers' Journal, 521 Walker Bldg,. Louisville, Ky. 
AHLIAS—Strong field grown roots. Send for cata¬ 
logue. W. K. YOUNG, Churchville, N. Y. 
D 
APPLE TREE S 
varieties for Ohio, W 
Prices reasonable. SALESMEN 
Outfit free. Address 
W. T. MITCHELL & SON, 
—50,000 fine straight 
healthy, stocky, well 
rooted trees. Leading 
Va., Penn., New York State, 
WANTED. 
BEVERLY, OHIO. 
$7.50 for 5000. P, 
ville, Maryland. 
B. CROSBY & SON, Catons- 
Here Is a joy collection,beating 
the world, composed of 
10,000 Kernels 
Richest, juiciest, tenderest seeds. 
1800 Each, Lettuce, Turnip, Rutabaga. 
IOOO Each, Onion, Celery, Carrot. 
1003 Rarest Radishes, aione worth 18c I 
100 Each, Parsley, Melon, Tomato. 
1200 Brilliant Flower Seeds. 60 Sorts. 
In all 10,000 kernels, including big cat- ' 
alog, all postpaid, only 16c in stamps. 
Send ns a name for our new breed of corn be¬ 
fore May 10th, and if it is accepted you will win 
$500 IN COLD 
The new corn Is not lor sale, but 4c brings 
sample packet. You need not get sample to en¬ 
ter contest, however. Just give us the best 
name. If another sends in same (accept¬ 
able) name as you do, the prize will bo 
equally divided. Mammoth catalog 
loaded with Seed News free. Address 
JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO. 
444 So. 8 th St, La Crosse, Wle. 
200 Bushels of Strawberries 
From a Single 
Bartlett Standard Pears, Duchess 
Dwarf Pears, Lombard Plums, Etc. 
Excellent stock of the most reliable sorts of 
FRUITS and ORNAMENTALS. 
W. B. COLE. Nurseryman, Fainesvi’le, O. 
WHOLESALE PRICES. 
10,000 Fruit Trees, 10,000 Black Raspberry plants. 
Kieffer, Bartlett, Clapp’s Fav. and Seckel Pear; 
Eng. Morello and Montmorency Cherry and Plum 
trees. Strictly first-class. L'AMOREAUX NUR¬ 
SERY CO.. Schoharie. N. Y_ 
FRUIT TREES, 10 Cents 
Apple, Pear, Plum, Cherry. Hardy, thrifty, 
fibrous-rooted and well developed. Also a splen¬ 
did assortment of small fruits, ornamentals, 
6 hrubs and roses. Catalogue free THOS. MARKS 
& CO., Nurserymen, Geneva, N. Y. 
MILLIONS OF TREES, 
PLANTS, VINES, ROSES, Etc. 
The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in 
Michigan. Send for catalog. Prices reasonable. 
Agents wanted. I. E. ILGKNFRITZ' SONS CO., 
The Monroe Nursery, Monroe, Mich. 
G enuine catalpa speciosa seedlings, S3.oo and 
S4.00 per 1,000. 
S. H. MADDEN, Granville Summit, Pa. 
CDIIIT TDCCQ Roses, Shrubs, and all kinds 
rnUII I LlLLO of Berry Plants; No. 1 stock; 
lowest prices. Catalogue free. 
W. A. ALLEN & SONS, Geneva, Ohio. 
Tr tr« a i Tree Pruner 
■ §4 I Best tool made. Something new. 
» X Jl j j Liz Agents make big money with it. 
H. R ltogvm, Mvchanlcsljurg, Ohio. 
Qrrno —Cow Peas, Soja Beans. Rape. Millet 
uLluO and a complete line of Garden aDd 
Field Seed. Catalogue free. 
ZACK DAVIS COMPANY, Delaware, Ohio. 
Plnuor C«Dfl —Timothy, Oats and Seed Potatoes, 
ulUlCI OCCUi 28 varieties; sold direct; catalogue 
free. CLICK’S SEED FARMS, Lancaster, Pa. 
o A nrn DPITC— 3 inch pots,$ 1.25 a 1000 , $ 5 for 
rArtn rUlo 5000; 4 inch pots, $1.75 a 1000, 
One of our patrons made this record with 
plants bought of us. Just ask a commission j; 
man what this quantity of fruit would have 
brought the grower any year lately, and , 
you'U see that there*s 7noney in berries, ' 
Knight’s Free Book 
on Small Fruit 
Tells the best Strawberries, Rasp¬ 
berries, Blackberries, Dewberries, 
Gooseberries, Currants, etc., and just 
how to grovu them. Knight’s plants 
have a national reputation for superior 
quality and high vigor. Send toda>^ 
for free copy of our catalogue, 
David Knight 
& Son 
Box 16, Sawyer, Mich. 
ALFALFA 
All Northern Grown and 
guaranteed to be 99 per cent 
pure. Should produce hay 
at $ 40.00 per acre annually. Write for Free Sam¬ 
ple and instructions on growing. _ 
GRAIN AND GRASS SEED 
Northern Grown and of strongest vitality. We invite you to 
got Government Teste on our samples. ’They will interest you 
CflY DTAIIC u - s - g° vt - tests show that 
OU I ULnlid the grain analyzes richer than 
linseed meal and the hay nearly as nutritious as 
Alfalfa; will grow on poor soil—and improve it. 
Well worth a fair trial. Write for Catalog No. 23 
WING SEED CO., Box 323 MECHANICSBURG, OHIO 
Cl..uuli a 1 *vii Dlonfc —Of the best varieties. 
OirdnUerij ilalllo. Descriptive catalogue 
free. BASIL PERRY D-18, Cool Spring, Delaware 
AT WHOLESALE 
3 Concord Grapes, 25c. 
12 Wood’s Imp. Cuthbert or 
12 Columbian Raspberry,50c. All Prepaid. 
Write at once for illustrated Catalogue and 
Bargain list. ALLEN L. WOOD, Rochester, N.Y. 
“THE FAMOUS 
FENDALL STRAWBERRY” 
And All the Leading Varieties 
Send for catalogue. It’s free. 
CHAS. E. FENDALL & SON. 
Originators of the Fendall and Growers of Fine Plants, 
Towsou, Mcl. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS. 
Millions of them—Aroma, Klondyke, Thompsons, 
Gandv. &c. Send $2 50 for 1.000 plants. 
JOHN LIGHTFOOT, Dept. 30. Chattanooga, Tenn. 
1500 
NORWOOD STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
R. E. POND, Camden, New York. 
High Grade Strawberry Plants. 
Prices and quality will interest you. A fine list of 
varieties. J. BETSCHER, Canal Dover, Ohio. 
Strawberry Plants etieltniy^pmrfoop: New 
1910 illus. catalog Free. " 
y-making vari- 
_„ _ _per 1000. New 
S. A. Virdin, Hartly, Del. 
S 
TKAWBERRY PLANTS That Are Business 
Plants. Descriptive catalogue free. 
D. M. TEETER, Bellville, Ohio. 
‘TKAWBERRY PLANTS-Eight best varie- 
I ties. ASPARAGUS and vegetable plants, 
’rices right. Send for our price list. 
CALEB BOGGS & SOX, Cheswold, Del. 
NORWOOD 
per 100 
Strawberry Plants, 75c. per dozen : 
$4.25 per 100, P.P. Fendall, $1.25 
P.P. Catalogue of Seventv Varieties Free. 
BASIL PERRY. D. 18, Cool Spring, Del. 
Strawberries 
-56th Annual Catalogue. S. H. 
WARREN, Auburndale, Mass. 
S TltAWHEltKY FUSTS,— All the new and old money¬ 
making varieties at moderate prices. Send for 
new 1910 catalog free. 1)AYID KODWAV, Hartley, Del. 
will soon be here. Spraying Must Be Done this year 
more than ever to insure Good Fruit. We wish to rec¬ 
ommend to you the 
SEED TIME 
H. E. FISKE SEED CO. 
Their 1910 catalogue states in a very concise manner the best varieties of 
seed to plant for a profit; the most useful Spraying Implements; the most 
important Perennials. Ornamental Shrubs and Trees. Maudy Lee Incubators 
and Brooders. A catalogue will be mailed for the asking. 
H. E. FISKE SEED CO., Faneuil Hall Square, Boston,Mass. 
“STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW.” ^7.™^ 
ties with prices; also instruction for planting and culture of Strawberries and other Small Fruits, 
Asparagus and Rhubai’b. 
C. E. WHITTEN’S NURSERIES, Box 11, BRIDGMAN, MICHIGAN 
<5JTRAW 
Lusty, healthy, mountain-grown stock at bargain prices 
CHATTANOOGA 
62 Mission Ridge 
BERRY 
PLANTS 
MILLIONS 
OF THEM 
Excelsior, Bubach, 
Klondyke, 
Lady Thompson, 
Aroma, Gandy, 
and all the best 
Commercial 
Varieties. 
NURSERIES 
CHATTANOOGA, TENN. 
