1910. 
361 
THAT LIME SPREADER. 
E. D., Erie, Pa. —Your plan on page 101. 
“IIow to Build a Lime Spreader,’’ is just 
what we want in this section, where we 
are just waking up to the need of lime on 
our gravelly loam. However, I wish Mr. 
Greene would explain just how the lever is 
connected and fastened which regulates 
the amount sown per acre, and also explain 
how he can get a solid hitch to a 1^-inch 
mowing machine axle by passing axle 
through a 2x2%-inch iron, and fastening 
to 4x4 stick as explained in last lines of 
article. You will notice at once that the 
(4 inch of metal which would remain on 
top and bottom of 2x% would very soon 
give out with the continuous stream of grit 
and dust falling on bearings from wide 
wheels. 
Ans.— The blacksmith first made two 
bolts one-half inch in diameter and one 
inch long, with flat heads about two 
inches square, through which four rivet 
holes were punched in one and four 
screw holes in the other. One of these 
bolts was then riveted solidly to'the false 
bottom close to the edge, and near the 
center of the machine. The other bolt 
was screwed solidly to the back of the 
hopper about five inches above the first 
one. The lever is about two feet long, 
and made of V /2 by J^-inch iron, with a 
hole in the lower end -to fit »the bolt on 
the false bottom, and another hole about 
five inches from the first, through which 
the other bolt passes, but the lever is 
fitted loosely on both bolts, so that by 
moving the upper end .the false bottom 
will be forced either way desired. This 
false bottom is made nine inches wide 
and two inches shorter than the hopper. 
When it is at one end the feed holes are 
all open, and when it is at the other end 
they are closed. It is held in place by 
three iron straps screwed to the hopper 
on each side. 
The l}4-inch hole through the draft 
irons is not made with a drill. The iron 
is first heated and two small holes are 
punched about an inch apart. The iron 
is then split with a chisel between these 
small holes, making one large one which 
is pounded into proper shape while the 
iron is hot. In this way very little ma¬ 
terial is lost, and much lighter iron can 
be used than would be possible if the 
holes were drilled. This is a very sim¬ 
ple piece of work for any good black¬ 
smith. The front ends of these irons are 
simply bent around toward the pole so 
they can be bolted solidly to the 4x4 
inch stick to which the pole is fastened. 
We had to keep the machine as short as 
possible, so it would go through gates 
and doors. c. s. greene. 
Winter Apples for Ohio. 
IF. P. N., Chardon, 0. —Can you name a 
few early-bearing commercial Winter ap¬ 
ples that are any better than the Baldwin 
and Ben Davis? This county is said to 
be the highest point in altitude in Ohio, 
and is the natural home of the Sugar 
maple tree. The county abounds in old 
orchards, of which the Baldwin and Rhode 
Island Greening, with some Northern Spy, 
are the principal Winter varieties. I would 
like some of the best red early-bearing 
Winter varieties or those that keep and sell 
well in market. 
Ans. —There is probably no red Win- ! 
ter apple that will quite take the place of 
the Baldwin as a dependable, commer¬ 
cial variety in northern Ohio. The Stark 
does well, but is a little dull in color. It 
is a vigorous grower and quite prolific. 
I should include Jonathan, which is of 
beautiful color, excellent quality and, in 
northern Ohio, keeps well until toward 
holidays, if the fruit be grown sound 
and perfect by thorough spraying. | 
Grimes Golden should certainly have a | 
place, even if it is a yellow apple. It 
will sell readily in any market. Wagener 
is a very early-bearing, light red apple of 
good quality, and will keep well until early 
W inter. It serves well as a filler, though 
somewhat inclined to blight. Red Canada 
is another variety that deserves to be 
more generally planted in northern Ohio 
than it is. It is a reliable cropper of well 
colored, good quality fruit which keeps 
fairly well until mid-winter. If one 
could get trees of Baltimore it certainly 
would pay well in northern Ohio. Trees 
of t nis variety at the Experiment Station 
orchards at Wooster seldom fail to bear 
THE RURAL 
a good crop of fine fruit. The quality is 
very acceptable and it is a good keeper 
when grown in the northern part of the 
State. I should prefer planting Gano in 
the place of Ben Davis. The color is 
better, and the variety is fully as de¬ 
pendable. It is simply a dark, smooth, 
red Ben Davis with a better name— 
probably a seedling of the Ben, though 
its real origin is not known. Even the 
early Winter sorts named above may 
readily be kept for \\inter market if cold 
storage be available. F. H. b. 
Brown-Tail Moth. 
In several issues of The R. N.-Y. I have 
seen comments on the Brown-tail moth, 1 
took a snapshot at two of my three-year 
grafts the other day, and inclose some. You 
will see that it is quite a proposition for 
the future orchardist. if they stay with us. 
The oaks in the woodlands are covered, and 
in the old standard apple orchards it is a 
bad problem, and it will have to be reckoned 
with in the cost and selling price of the 
future barrel of New Hampshire apples. An¬ 
other point that bothers me is what is going 
to be the effect of this yearly pruning. I have 
to-day picked from oue to 12 nests on each 
tree from a block of 150 two-year trees. I 
would rather pull them off thau cut on small 
WORK OF BROWN-TAIL MOTH. Fig. 136. 
trees, but with the large trees it is im¬ 
possible, as the tops are literally covered. 
If there is any way to keep them out of 
New York they should do it. for if a man’s 
time is worth a cent an hour it will cost a 
big sum to keep the large orchards clean. 
The Gypsy moth is going fast, but that moth 
does not fly, and can be trapped with tangle¬ 
foot, but it is claimed to be more destructive, 
as it will devour any kind of foliage. 
They are trying to boom the New England 
States as an apple region, but the man that 
makes a success of it will have to be a live 
man in every way, as he will be obliged to 
contend with a whole lot, and I think the 
worst of it will be the packing part of it, 
at that. ii. d. w. 
Concord, N. H. 
Scales and Freezing Water. 
A few weeks ago you gave notice that 
some one had brought out a new spraying 
solution to kill San Jose scale, etc. Now, 
after close observation, I want to go on 
record and say that they can be killed by 
spraying with water in cold weather ( if 
thoroughly done). If you can keep a tree 
coated with ice for 48 hours they will be 
killed by smothering. The ice storm last 
Winter has left our trees and apples (what 
were not dead) free from scale, where the 
year before they were not fit to use. In fact 
the only scale I have found was on the 
trunk of a leaning tree at the base of some 
suckers, and we did not do any spraying. 
W. S. L. 
We had that same story a few years ago, 
in that terrific ice and sleet storm that kept 
trees coated for three or four days. The 
matter was very thoroughly investigated at 
that time, and it is positively certain that a 
coating of ice on an infested tree will have 
absolutely no effect upon the scales. The 
scale insect during the Winter is absolutely 
dormant. It requires practically no air, and 
it lies closely sealed under an almost air¬ 
tight covering, which is not affected by the 
ice in the least.. A sleet storm will remove 
a good deal of the old scurf; but it will 
leave the half-grown specimens, which real¬ 
ly carry on the species, absolutely without 
injury. That same question has come up 
half a dozen different times in as many dif¬ 
ferent States, and the result is always the 
same. JOHN B. smith. 
New Jersey State Entomologist. 
TO KILL 
San Jose Scale 
USE 
Bergenport Brand Sublimed 
Flowers of Sulphur 
r I’he best form of sulphur for Lime Sulphur Wash, 
Combines easily and quickly with lime. Write to 
ItEKGENPOKT SULPHUR WORKS 
T. & S. C. White Co., 100 William St., N. Y. 
your ak own Compressed Air 
Spraying' Outfit 
You can make it at home with material purchased in 
the open market. Our 40-page Instruction Catalog 
Tells you how to do it 
Tells you where to get every part 
Tells what each part costs 
Tells you how to operate 
Catalog shows every part, and the completed outfit. 
It gives formulas and instructions for mixingand 
applying more than twenty different kinds of spray¬ 
ing mixtures, and also a full and complete spray 
calendar as compiled and approved by the Ohio 
State Experiment Station for 11*09. Up-to-dateplans 
for central or mixing stations for Bordeaux and 
lime-sulphur. Our plan has stood the test of ten 
years’ service. It is in use by the largest peach grow¬ 
ers in the world. Its capacity is unlimited. Suit 4 
able for orchard of 10 acres or 1.000. It works per¬ 
fectly on steep hill sides or soft ground where no 
other power sprayer can be used. 
Catalog Giving Full Information, postpaid, $3.00 
PIERCE-LOOP SPRAYER CO., North East, Pa. 
NEW-YORKER 
Hermann's hi*gra|>? 
- a. TP43C 
Herrmann * 0 ?, 
(A-b-V SOLE MAKERS - ' 
Raise Better Crops 
and Make More Profit 
by spraying early and 
regularly with 
III 
Ll ll ii f:H 
HI GRADE PURE PARIS GREEN 
Fop All Kinds ol 
SPRAYING 
—no other sprayers can do the 
wor k as effectually, economi- 
" ■ cally and rapidly as 
Brown’s Hand & Power 
I AUTO-SPRAYS 
—10 styles, sizes and prices to 
choose from—one to suit your 
needs. Auto-Spray No. 1, fit¬ 
ted with Auto-Pop Nozzle, lias ^ 
force enough for tall trees. lTifp" 
seconds’ pumping gives power 
for ll) minutes’spraying. 1-gallon tank easily 
carried over shoulder. Sprays stream or fine 
Saves solution. ’Auto-Spray No.11 
6 rows of potatoes at once—any 
width. Constant pressure up to 
150 lbs. No expense for power. 
Kitted with Non-clog Atomic 
Nozzle—adjustable for forceful 
stream or light mist. Write 
postal now for our book and 
SPRAYING GUIDE FREE 
ShowB what and wh«n to spray, quotes 
prices on the apmyer f ryou.i 
Write postal for book now.’ 
mist, 
—sprays' 
The 
E. C. Brown' 
Company 
28 Jay Si.. Rochester. N.Y. > 
It is Chemically Pure—the purest 
you can buy. It is practically free 
from water soluble arsenious oxide 
and therefore twill not burn or in¬ 
jure the tenderest foliage of plants 
or trees when properly applied. 
Guaranteed to meet the 
requirements of the various 
State Agricultural Colleges 
It is sure death to every insect 
pest and a practical crop insurance 
because every ounce of it is abso¬ 
lutely pure. Ask for it and see 
that you get it. 
Sold in % lb. to 56 lbs. packages, net 
weigiit. We will supply you if your 
dealer cannot. Send for 
Herrmann's 1810 Almanao 
which explains proper methods of ap¬ 
plying Paris Green and gives valuable 
mforniati° n for farmers, orchardists 
and fruit and truck-growers. Address 
MORRIS HERRMANN & CO. 
68-N William St. New York 
Write For Special Low 
Price On This Complete 
Spraying 
Outfit 
Barrel, pump, extension pipe, 
nozzle agitator, hose, everythin*? 
complete and oi the best. Just 
fill barrel and go to work. Fit¬ 
tings of brass, hemp packing. 
Sprays hot, cold or any caustic 
solution perfectly. Equal to largest 
operations in orchard or field. 
Develops greatest power with 
least labor. Pump sets inside bar¬ 
rel, keeping it steady. Others are, 
top-heavy and tip over. Write for ' 
catalog describing this and our ^ _ 
complete line of spraying tools t££*TAcn*»q Vi 
and insecticides. tri lr TWi"* 
ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester. Mass. 
SPRAY 
Use a pump that lasts W 
and drives the spray 
mixture home. 
arnes All-Brass Perfection 
Bucket Spray Pump 
I is the best made for efficient work. 
SI a d e of seamless brass, n o 
threads. Easily taken apart, l’rice, (Including 
3-ft. rubber hose ami 2 nozzles) Only $3.00. 
Barnes Double Acting Barrel Pump 
AM bract working parts in contact with liquid. Throws liquid 
with immense force; ono stroke of handlo sustains spray 2 minutes 
and over. A marvel amorg high grade sprayers. Complete with 
5-ft. hofle and Vermorel nozzle, $9.00. With two leads hose and 
Vermorel nozzle, $10.00. 
W e make over 300 styles and sizes of pumps. Write for FREE 
catalog. 
BARNES MFG. CO., Dept.22, Mansfield, Ohio 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump Darns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
ipractical fruit grow- 
> ers we were using common 
; sprayers in our own orchards 
: —found their defects and 
j invented the Eclipse. Its 
11 success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a larpe scaie. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
Sprayer 
This is our Sure 
Spray No. 1-1 “II” 
It develops high pressure and has automatic agitator 
which works constantly. Write for lull information re¬ 
garding our full line of sprayers —anything from tho 
small Hand Sprayer to the Orchard Lower Sprayer. 
MORRIS SPRAYER CO., 187 N. Water St., Rochester. N.Y. 
Y ou Need This 
os well as Aspinwall Potato Planter . 
No. 3 to get 100% crops. 
Aspinwall 
machines are designed for greatest 
ciency. economy, speed. Sprays four rows 
at once. Handles the heaviest mixtures. 
Relief Valve controls pressure. Fruit Tree 
attachment furnished. Also broadcast Attach¬ 
ment for spraying weeds. 
Our illustrated Booklet MAILED FREE. 
Write for it. 
ASPINWALL MFG. CO. 
437 Sabin Street, - Jackson, Mich, U. S. A. 
IT PAYS TO SPRAY 
The Iron A go 4-row Sprayer gives 
perfect satisfaction. Puts solution 
just where needed and in fog-like 
mist. Pump delivers spray under 
high pressure, thus reaching every 
part ofvine,effectuallyki’lmg bugs 
and preventing blight. Ilaa 
Orchard Spraying attach¬ 
ment. Write for free 
catalog illustrat¬ 
ing this and 
other Iron 
AgQ tools. 
Iron Ago 
Fonr-Roir 
BATEMAN MFG. CO.. Box 102-S GRENLOCH, N. J 
A SUBSTITUTE 
For Bordeaux Mixture 
10-gal. keg making 1.500 gals. Spray; delivered at 
any R. It. station in the United Stutos for ij< i s.50. 
Prompt shipments. Write to-dayfor fullinformation. 
B. G. PRATT CO,“s£5S£“ 
50 CHURCH ST., NEW YORK CITY 
THE PERFECTION SPRAYER 
Sprays Anything. Trees by hand, potatoes by horse 
power. Oldest and best. Over 1000 in use. Always gives 
perfectsatisfaction. Don’t buy till you get my catalog free 
THOMAS PEPPLER, Box 45, Hightstown, N. J. 
CIDER PRESSES ?ni\ 
The Original Mt. Gilead Hydraulic Press 
produces more cider from less 
apples than any other and is a 
BMi MONEY MAKKK. Sizes , 
10 to 400 barrels daily. Also) 
cider evaporators, apple- SSjHS 
butter cookers, vinegar B p” 
generators, etc. H * 
OATA1 OGTTE FREE. 
the hydraulic press MPG. CO. 
L‘>7 Lincoln Ave., Mt. Gilead, Ohio, 
Or Room 119 L 39 Cortlaudt Street, New York, N\ Y- 
