•THE RURAL* NEW-VORKER 
308 
March 19, 
DON’T TRUST THE BULL. 
Fig 38 , page 103 , keeps bothering me. 
I want to say don’t, don’t, don’t let the 
kids take any liberties with the bull, 
for you don’t know at what minute his 
temper may change. A relative of mine 
in this town, during the past Summer, 
kept a large Holstein bull, which seemed 
the gentlest you could wish. He allowed 
him to run with the cows, and sent his 
young son every day to drive them from 
pasture, but one morning in September 
the man himself went into the night lot 
to drive the stock to the barn. The bull 
turned on him, knocked him down and 
would have killed him if the hired man 
had not been nearby to hear him call, 
and got there just in time. As it was 
the man was terribly bruised, and the 
bones in one hand broken so that for 
several months the hand was useless and 
exceeding!)' painful, and now after about 
six months, he is only partly recovered. 
The man is a powerful fellow, but he 
was helpless before the attack, and the 
bull had no horns either. I have always 
handled the big fellows, but am always 
afraid of them in a measure; never let 
one get behind me. G. M. hazard. 
Vermont. 
THE USE OF LIME. 
R. A. P., Candor, A'. Y .—Having pur¬ 
chased a quantity of burned limestone, 
I would like all the information 
I can get in regard to using it. What 
crops is it best to use it on. and what 
is the best time to apply? I had intended 
to use it on ground plowed last Fall, to be 
sown to oats and seeded to Timothy and 
clover this Spring. Would it be as well to 
sow on furrows as soon as snow is off, while 
ground is frozen? What is the best way to 
slake it? Will it lose in value if it is 
not applied to the land as soon as slaked? 
Ans.—F or farm crops lime gives best 
results on clover, Alfalfa, small grains 
and Timothy. It does not give us equal 
results on corn or Red-top. The best 
time to use it is when seeding to grass, 
clover or small grain. The most ef¬ 
fective way is to broadcast it on the 
furrows and harrow in. In this way the 
lime works down all through the upper 
soil where it is needed. Your plan of 
using it on Fall-plowed land to be har¬ 
rowed in is good. Lump lime can be 
slaked under cover or put in small piles 
over the field. In damp weather it 
will soon slake and fall into a powder. 
In dry weather water can be poured on 
the piles. When slaked the lime is 
spread with a shovel. We should spread 
as soon after slaking as possible. 
CONCRETE PIPE AND DRAINS. 
First dig ditch three feet deep to get 
below frost line; give ditch gradual 
grade and hollow bottom, very round¬ 
ing, to save concrete. Mix good, clean, 
sharp sand two parts and any good 
Portland cement one part. When mixed 
place two inches in center of rounded 
bottom ditch. Place on this concrete 
rubber hose or length of pipe the size 
you wish opening or water line. Now 
mix another batch of concrete same as 
before and cover hose or pipe, which¬ 
ever used, with two inches concrete. 
When this concrete has its initial set, 
or say two or three hours, depending 
on weather, pull hose or pipe ahead and 
continue as before. You will have a 
very cheap pipe line which will not 
rust or leak, and if you desire metal 
connections at outlet you can insert 
pipe, putting more concrete in than be¬ 
fore mentioned, or if you wish an open 
waterline, spread concrete in bottom 
of gradual graded and rounded bot¬ 
tom ditch. Have your tinner make you 
tin or galvanized iron, same shape as an 
eaves trough; lay this in concrete, fill¬ 
ing up on both sides even with top 
of tin. When set a little the trough may 
be moved ahead and filled as before. 
When necessary length is attained and 
icement hardened this ditch may be 
covered with flat stone, tin, boards or 
concrete made in squares, when it can 
•be covered with dirt. It has occurred 
to me that an open drain as last men¬ 
tioned, if covered with some porous ma¬ 
terial and some straw covering on this 
after covering whole with dirt, would 
take place of tile drain. 
Wayne Co., Pa. e. w. corey. 
Bromus Inermis. 
■I. K. S., Federalshurg, Md .—What is 
the plant they call Bromus inermis? Is 
it a hard plant to destroy, or is it destroyed 
by plowing under as Timothy or clover? 
Do you think it would do well in Mary¬ 
land? 
Ans. —Bromus inermis is one of the 
Brome grasses to which the chess or 
cheat, which some imagine oats and 
wheat change into, belongs. It is said to 
make a thick close sod in the Northwest, 
but in our experiments in North Caro¬ 
lina was a total failure. There are other 
grasses that will do better in Maryland 
I am sure. In your section Orchard 
grass and Tall Meadow oat-grass are 
far better, and better too than Timothy 
if cut early. w. f. massey. 
The Producer’s Share. 
A. G. O., Holley, A’, y,—Will a man with 
a large farm have to stop raising wheat, 
oats, beans, corn and hay and begin truck 
farming in order to get more than 35 cents 
of the consumer’s dollar? Also, how about 
the fruit growers? The man who wrote 
the article on getting the consumer’s dollar 
on page 191 was a truck man. We are 
with you on that parcels post deal and 
won't stop at six cents. 
Ans. —Our object is to give every side 
of this question a fair hearing. Some 
truck growers and fruit men get about 
the entire dollar, but it would be impos¬ 
sible for farmers back from the railroads 
to imitate their methods. When we talk 
about 35 cents of the consumer’s dollar 
we mean a fair average of all conditions 
and situations. There are some localities 
where the producer gets more than this, 
and others where he gets less. 
Fertilizer for Poor Soil. 
C. A. II., Baltimore, Md .—I would like to 
have a formula for mixing a fertilizer for 
potatoes. Land is eastern exposure, dry, 
loamy soil, very poor; was limed last 
Spring, 25 bushels stone lime per acre, and 
covered with wood ashes, about three-quar¬ 
ters ton per acre, planted in corn. Very 
poor crop; may have been partly due to 
the drought. I can get tankage, analysis, 
9 1/14 per cent ammonia. 24 per cent bone 
phosphate, muriate of potash, 50 per cent 
actual potash ; acid phosphate, 14 per cent. 
What quantity of each would you recom¬ 
mend, and how much per acre? 
Ans. —The best fertilizer mixture I 
have tried for early potatoes is a mixture 
of 900 pounds of acid phosphate, 100 
pounds of nitrate of soda, 600 pounds of 
fish scrap and 400 pounds of muriate of 
potash to make a ton. You can use a 
good article of tankage in place of the 
fish scrap. The Southern truckers would 
use of this 1,000 to 1,500 pounds per 
acre. w, f. massey. 
What is Basic Slag? 
C. D. IT., Lansing, Mich. — Please give 
analysis of basic slag, where obtained and 
from what source it is derived. I am un¬ 
able to find any fertilizer company out this 
way that handles it. A long freight haul 
would make the price prohibitive. Is there 
any objection to using ground lime rock 
with acid phosphate in a home-mixed fer¬ 
tilizer containing sulphate or muriate of 
potash? 
Ans. —Basic slag is a product of iron 
smelting. Many foreign ores contain con¬ 
siderable phosphorus. This is objection¬ 
able in steel making. To get rid of it 
advantage is taken of its strong affinity 
for lime. In smelting these ores the “con¬ 
verter” or vessel containing the melted 
ore is covered with a “basic” lining com¬ 
posed of lime and magnesia. Lime is also 
thrown into the melted ore. As a result 
the phosphorus conbines with the lime 
and is taken off and cooled inter a “slag” 
or cinder. This also contains some iron 
and sand, and when crushed fine makes 
the basic slag .sold as a fertilizer. There 
is usually about 45 per cent of lime and 
about 18 of phosphoric acid. Most of it 
is imported. American ores do not con¬ 
tain so much phosphorus. The ground 
lime rock will not do any damage to the 
potash in your mixture. 
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