1010. 
387 
APPLE PLANTING IN OHIO. 
A. L. C., Duncan Falls, 0.—For a 
years the future for apples for profit has 
looked good to me. I now have out 450 
trees about as follows: 100 each Rome 
Beauty and Jonathan, remainder about equal 
numbers Black Ben, Hubbardston, Grimes, 
McIntosh. Northwestern Greening; a few 
Wolf River, Red Astrachan and Delicious. 
I have a square field next this of 22 acres, 
perfect drainage, nearly dead level, soil 
all of it gravelly sand (Laurentian drift), a 
little thin on top, but an excellent subsoil, 
red waxy sand and clay, not heavy but 
porous. I am contemplating planting this 
field to apples. Some old orchards in the 
same level a half mile away have been 
good, varieties like Roxbury Russet and 
Yellow Bellflower doing fine. An old tree 
there now I think is quite three feet in 
diameter. The field is 1% mile from rail¬ 
way. with level road to station. I also have 
hill land, but the question is in these days 
of spraying and cultivating, would not it 
be better to use the* best lying land for the 
orchard, that seems to me to have the best 
future of my farm products? As to varie¬ 
ties (southeast central Ohio), the Ohio Ex¬ 
periment Station says Rome Beauty. De¬ 
licious is highly praised. Would you ad¬ 
vise many of it; also Black Ben and King 
David. The station recommends the one 
variety, viz., Rome Beauty. Then the ques¬ 
tion of present high price of trees and their 
being true to name. To graft and raise my 
own trees would delay the orchard two 
years, but with present conditions would 
not it be advisable, as I have good ground 
on which to grow them? I would then 
know positively about varieties, and also 
know that I had whole root-grafts. 
Ans. —The correspondent lives ill a 
section of Ohio excellently adapted to 
apple growing—a section in which a 
high perfection in size, color and flavor 
can be attained. Our Experiment Sta¬ 
tion is inaugurating a number of apple 
orchard culture experiments in south¬ 
eastern Ohio, and the writer frequently 
passes through the correspondent’s near¬ 
est railroad station. As to level land 
versus hill land for apple orchards there 
is quite a difference of opinion. Tt is 
evident that the hill lands by thousands 
of acres will some time be very profita¬ 
bly utilized in apple growing; but where 
a land owner has both hillsides and level 
ground—especially if the level ground be 
at a considerable elevation above the 
lower levels of the adjacent streams of 
water, I am inclined to believe with the 
correspondent that apples can be grown 
more cheaply on the more easily accessi¬ 
ble land. It is simply a matter of choice, 
however, and of whether the more easily 
and safely tilled land can be put to more 
profitable use than making an orchard 
site of it. It would seem that a crop that 
may be depended upon to return from 
$100 to $500 or more per acre, after the 
trees become established and fully into 
business, with thorough care, ought to be 
worthy of a mighty good corner of the 
farm if the owner choose to devote the 
best of his ground to such a crop. There 
is no question but that all orchard opera¬ 
tions can be performed more cheaply, 
quickly and easily where the ground is 
comparatively level. 
As to variety, there is no question 
that Rome Beauty is the very best single 
variety for southeastern and southern 
Ohio. It is simply perfect when thor¬ 
oughly sprayed, but one of the most 
subject to fungus troubles where these 
are not combated. I should plant more 
heavily of Rome Beauty than any other 
variety, but should continue to plant 
Jonathan and Grimes. In planting the 
latter variety, which is quite subject to 
“crown disease” or a cankering of the 
body at the base or collar, I should set 
some sturdy, vigorous sort as Northern 
Spy or Ben Davis, allow the trees to 
become established and top-bud or top- 
graft the Grimes upon these resistant 
stocks. This simply places the excellent 
Grimes top on the hardy, sturdy legs of 
the Ben Davis or Spy, and effectually 
gets around the trouble to which the 
Grimes is subject. I should confidently 
plant Stayman Winesap in the corre¬ 
spondent’s section, as this is a coming 
variety for the southern half of Ohio. 
Too little is yet known of Delicious 
and King David for Ohio conditions. 
One well-known southern Ohio grow¬ 
ler 
few .. in 
THE RURAb 
who has seen Delicious as is grows 
the West says it will be a Kail 
variety here. I believe, however, that 
these varieties are worthy of trial. 
I should not plant many of the Ben 
Davis tribe—Black or otherwise—in a 
country where Rome Beauty is so much 
superior in every way. There is a seed¬ 
ling of the Rome Beauty, called Ensee, 
which promises to be an excellent Win¬ 
ter apple for southern Ohio—possibly 
for the more northern sections also. It 
is far better in quality than Rome Beau¬ 
ty and fully as handsome in color. The 
trees have a similar habit of growth. 
If the correspondent has had some ex¬ 
perience in root-grafting or budding 
trees it might be advisable for him to 
produce his own trees for planting. But 
if he be not thus well qualified I believe 
that he would better make arrangements 
with some reliable nurseryman as near 
home as possible and have his trees 
grown on the desired kind of roots from 
scions or buds furnished by the prospec¬ 
tive planter from trees that he knows 
to be good bearers of fine fruit of the 
required varieties. f. h. ballou. 
NEW-YORKER 
Questions About Maple Sap. 
D. T. I., Abbottsford, Mich .—Which kind 
of tree gives best and most sap, hard or 
soft maple? What is the amount of sap 
from each one? How much do they boil 
down for syrup? I have about 1,000 trees. 
Ans. —Personally I have had no ex¬ 
perience in making sugar from soft 
maples, but they are frequently tapped 
here in Vermont and with good results 
so far as I can find. Individual trees vary 
in the amount of sap run and in the 
sugar content of the sap. The average 
sugar content in sap flowing from ex¬ 
perimental trees of the Vermont Experi¬ 
ment Station was 3.13 and 3.41 per cent. 
The amount of sap run in a season will 
also depend largely upon the weather. 
Some seasons are almost failures, while 
others are extraordinarily good. A good 
average would probably be three pounds 
per tree. e. s. brigham. 
Tourist: “Do these scarecrows save 
your crops?” Farmer: “They work first 
rate. You see, every tramp that comes 
along crosses the fields to see if th’ 
clothes are wu’th stealiiT, but they ain’t, 
and that scares the crows away fine.”— 
Credit Lost. 
Barber (to customer) : “Razor all 
right, sir?” Customer: “My dear man, 
if you hadn’t mentioned it, I’d never have 
known there was a razor on my face.” 
Barber: "Thank you, sir!” Customer 
(continuing) : “I thought you were using 
a file.”—Melbourne Leader. 
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