IS) 10. 
THE RTJR^-L NEW-YORKEH 
403 
MAKING CONCRETE FLOOR. 
A number of years ago I floored all 
of my stables with cement, and have 
fully tested the durability of this mate¬ 
rial for floors in stables. In the 10 years 
I have used this method of flooring I 
have seen no perceptible wear, and I am 
so well pleased with it that I would not 
use any other material for stable or hog 
house floor. I would not use any grade 
of cement but the Portland, for I know 
that it will make a durable floor, and I 
do not know that the cheaper grades of 
cement will. The cost of a floor laid 
with Portland cement is not represented 
in the difference in price between the 
two kinds of cement. It is not safe to 
use two kinds of cement on a job, as 
they do not unite well, and the upper 
layer will break loose from the lower, 
while if they are mixed dry the cheap 
cement sets much sooner than the Port¬ 
land and will spoil the job. All the 
floors I have on my farm are laid with 
eight parts of creek gravel to one of ce¬ 
ment for the concrete foundation, and 
two parts of coarse, sharp sand to one 
of cement for the topping. The best 
sand is obtained by screening it from 
the gravel, and we use a screen with 
meshes a fourth-inch square. If crushed 
stone can be had five barrels of it, four 
of gravel and three of coarse sand, may 
be used to one barrel of cement. A 
barrel of cement will complete a square 
in the cow stable where we use three 
inches of topping, but it will take about 
two barrels in the horse stable, as we 
put down five inches of concrete and 
one inch of topping. To make a satis¬ 
factory floor of concrete we must have a 
solid foundation, for if the soil beneath 
the cement heaves no floor can be ser¬ 
viceable, and the time and labor expend¬ 
ed will be to no purpose. w. d. s. 
Illinois. 
NATURAL WAY OF RAISING CHICKS. 
On page 90 Mr. Sherman tells how he 
raises chicks. I should like to know if he 
would let his early hatched chicks out on 
such grass as we have now in the New 
England climate; the ground will be wet 
and cold till May. • Does he put his nests 
and pens right out in February, and is it 
likely it would work here? A. o. 
Massachusetts. 
I should explain that I do not attempt 
to raise very early chickens. My work 
is primarily to produce good breeding 
stock, and I find it easiest to do this in 
nature’s own season, which begins with 
the first starting of the grass and ends 
with the drought of midsummer or the 
excessive dews and humidity of August. 
It is perfectly practicable to use the set¬ 
ting coops which I described while the 
weather is still quite cold, but if they are 
entirely exposed they should be made 
wind-tight by a covering of tarred paper 
and faced toward the south. It is usually 
possible to put them where they will be 
at least partially protected by some 
building. In very early setting I should 
give three less than the number of eggs 
the hen could care for in warm weather. 
Twelve is enough for most hens in 
March. If the little chicks were out be¬ 
fore any grass had started I would use 
a coop large enough so that they could 
be confined in it with the hen on bad 
days. If protected from wind and water 
I should expect the hen to provide all 
needed warmth. On all bright days, or 
during the warmest hours of the day, I 
would let the chicks have all possible 
liberty, and with the first stirring of life 
in the sod I should expect them to begin 
deriving direct benefit from it. I am 
accustomed to hardy chicks, mine are all 
B. P. Rocks. I believe that my general 
plan is as practicable for New England 
as for the latitude of Washington, but 
would need some modification for real 
Winter work. Those who must have 
chicks very much out of the natural 
season must study the needs of their own 
situations and build accordingly. 
W. A. SHERMAN. 
Warts on Cattle. —On page 290 W. E. S. 
makes inquiry for something to remove 
warts on cow. I had an imported Holstein 
bull, and when about two years of age there 
came quite a number of warts, over his 
shoulders, and one over each eye. I con¬ 
sulted a druggist for remedies. Among them 
was pure, strong cider vinegar. This I ap¬ 
plied every day or two for about three 
weeks, when every wart disappeared, and 
not one ever returned. c. i.. c. n. 
SHEEP SHED FOR WASHINGTON. 
What is the best kind of a sheep shed to 
build- to shelter 500 sheep, where prevail¬ 
ing winds and storms come from southwest, 
where storms come in Winter months, and 
are more frequently rain than snow? 
Pullman, Wash. f. m. s. 
You should allow at least seven square 
feet floor space for each sheep. I pre¬ 
sume that the inquirer would stack his 
hay, as most of the people in his State 
do so; consequently he would need only 
a cheap shed. I would make this shed 
on the joist frame principle, that is, two- 
inch plank nailed together for timbers 
instead of any solid posts or beams, and 
the construction can be decidedly inex¬ 
pensive. I prefer a width of only about 
32 feet, as this gives better ventilation. 
This would make his shed about 110 feet 
long. Posts can be set on cement founda¬ 
tion, which should be raised up 12 to IS 
inches above the ground to prevent the 
manure’s rotting them, and probably set 
10 or 12 feet apart each way. I think 
that I would make it in the form of an 
L, about 50 feet running to face the south 
and the rest facing the east; or, if it is 
not convenient to build in this form, I 
would face it all to the southeast. On 
the south or east side I would use doors, 
only about 3J4 or four feet high, and un¬ 
less he has very hard storms and many 
of them, would hang doors only on the 
lower half, as the storms should not 
drive in very much on the upper half, 
and the air should be admitted freely. 
If the storms do bother, the roof can be 
projected out, say three feet, on the 
south and east side, if made in L form 
which would make such shelter, and 
should prevent nearly all of the storms 
from driving in. chas. b. wing. 
“My life,” sighed the insurance agent, 
“is full of wormwood and gall.” “Is that 
so?” asked the victim. “Funny I over¬ 
looked the wormwood!”—Cleveland 
Leader. 
“Are you doing anything for others?” 
asked the philanthropist. “Sure,” an¬ 
swered Mr. Crosslots. “I make a garden 
every year for the benefit of my neigh¬ 
bors’ chickens.”—Washington Star. 
“This is a pretty tough town, isn’t it?” 
“Tough? Say, we got up a scheme to 
hold an ‘Old Home Week' here, and had 
to give it up. No former resident could 
come back without being arrested the 
minute they struck town.”—Life. 
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