1910. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
471 
ROTATION FOR A NEW YORK FARM. 
c. L. IF., New York. —Please advise a 
rotation for a 40-acre farm, exclusive of 
meadows and pastures, Saratoga County, 
N. Y., soil sandy loam. Twelve cows and 
heifers, two teams. I desire to produce 
milk, butter and pigs. I have in mind a 
rotation, corn, oats and clover or potatoes, 
rye and clover on the different plots. Soil 
needs humus and legumes, but I am not 
sure whether clover is best grown alone 
or sown with oats. What green manur¬ 
ing would you advise? Would clover - do 
(Red or Mammoth), sown in corn at last 
cultivation and turned under in Spring to 
plant to oats? I am anxious to improve 
land condition, but am a little mixed on 
best way to green manure. I have 10 
acres in rye now to turn under this 
Spring for corn, but fear it will make the 
ground acid, as we cannot wait long in 
ibis climate between first plowing (end 
of April) and corn planting (end of May). 
Ans.— We will start with the 10 acres 
already sown to rye. Let it grow until 
it is eight or 10 inches high, which it 
should be early in May. If you let it 
get much higher—as there is a tempta¬ 
tion to do in order to get more vegetable 
matter in the soil—it will not decay as 
quickly, will tend to dry out the land, 
and the first year do more harm than 
good. Turn it under with a lap fur¬ 
row, in order that it is incorporated with 
the soil, and not all put in the bottom 
of thq furrow, where it will tend to 
prevent the water coming up from be¬ 
low, and decay less rapidly. Roll down 
as fast as plowed, then plant the corn, 
after fining the surface. There will not 
be enough of “souring” the soil to be 
of serious moment. I should advise 
using 300 pounds per acre broadcast, of 
a fertilizer containing three per cent 
nitrogen, eight per cent phosphoric acid 
and 4 per cent of potash, and 200 pounds 
of the same in the hill at planting. Cover 
the fertilizer with earth before dropping 
the corn. This, with thorough and fre¬ 
quent cultivation, should increase a crop 
of corn. At the last cultivation—ahead 
of the cultivator—sow one pound of 
Cow-horn turnips, two pounds of rape, 
and four quarts of Red clover. It will 
cost but little, and if the season is favor¬ 
able. you will get a fine growth to turn 
under. The fertilizer sown broadcast 
will help this as well as the corn. The 
clover will live over Winter. Turn over 
as early as may be in the Spring, and 
sow at the rate of 2*4 bushels to the 
acre; two bushels of Canada field peas 
and one of oats, sowing with it eight 
quarts per acre of Red clover. Use 
300 pounds to the acre of fertilizer, 10 
per cent phosphoric acid and four per 
cent potash. Cut this when the oats 
begin to head and the peas are in blos¬ 
som, and use it for fodder. It is ex¬ 
cellent for cows, either green of cured, 
and fine for the hogs when green. 
This is much less exhaustive to the soil 
than oats, and all things considered fully 
as valuable as a crop. Your clover will 
be much more likely to grow than if 
you put it with an oat crop which will 
mature. The year following you should 
have a crop of clover; the next year 
this may be turned under for corn or 
potatoes. Keep the cows in the stable 
as much as possible, with plenty of lit¬ 
ter, and after the oats and peas are 
off, apply the manure to the ground, 
preferably with a manure spreader— 
about six loads to the acre. The manure 
will thus go a long way, and the clover 
will do the rest. 
I do not know what shape the other 
30 acres are, so cannot advise as I 
might. You could put 10 in oats— 
using 300 pounds per acre of South 
Carolina rock, and this would give you 
some grain for the stock, and straw for 
bedding. Then sow with rye, and han¬ 
dle as above. By using a potato crop 
after the clover, or corn—I prefer the 
former—you would get a four-year rota¬ 
tion, after you got started, with the 
potatoes as a money crop. Another 10 
or 12 acres could be put into silage corn, 
for nothing will pay you better than a 
silo for your cows and heifers. The 
remainder you could plant with potatoes, 
but unless the land is in good tilth, 
or you buy plenty of fertilizer, you will 
not be likely to get a paying crop. I 
should prefer to sow to buckwheat, 
plowing under a crop of Canada peas, 
to be sown early next Spring. An acre 
or two could well be put into pumpkins, 
which will be fine both for the cows 
and hogs. If you use on this all the 
manure you can get hold of, you will 
get an immense harvest of valuable 
feed. i edw’d van alstyne. 
Cabbage ox New Sod. —\Yheu planting 
cabbage seed plant on newly turned turf, 
making it mellow. I have so done for 
years and rarely see a club-footed root. 
r. m. h. 
A Whip Holder. — I have found that a 
bale wire removed from the bale without 
cutting and suspended from the ceiling, 
makes a fine whip holder. Shape the wire 
like the letter V, crimp the lower end a 
little, so that the lash will not draw 
through, and you have it. A nice thing 
about it is one can hang a whip in the 
dark without removing his mittens. 
Las Cruces, N. M. t. t. h. 
The Cider Question. —I see it stated 
Prof. Alwood claimed cider is sold in pint 
bottles at wholesale in New York at 25 
cents per bottle, or at the rate of $8 per 
bushel of apples, a bushel making 32 pints 
of cider. I wonder how much of the 
consumer's dollar the cider producer gets. 
Not over five or 10 cents, I would judge. 
And, too, I wonder if the bottles are full 
pints. »trovers sell liquids now in small, 
medium and large bottles, canned goods in 
No. 2 or No. 3 cun, crackers, breakfast 
foods, etc., in No. 1, 3, or some other sized 
package. There are a lot of men in New 
England who would soon be bankrupt if 
the cider they drink cost them 50 cents 
per quart. I can buy a good quality of 
grape juice for $1.19 per gallon, 15 cents 
a pint. And if we can trust the adver¬ 
tisements in the Sunday papers, good 
whisky may be bought for less than the 
professor's New York cider. Your corre¬ 
spondent S. E. 1’. M. was very opportune 
in giving us the recipe for making vinegar 
without cider, and now all the cider may 
he used as a beverage. e. p. r. 
Farmers around here received seven and 
eight cents a pound for tobacco in the 
bundle: it is said a good many received 
even less. One hundred cigars weigh 
somewhere around a pound, that sell for 
$2.25 up: other kinds of tobacco for pipe 
and chewing from 50 cents up. Where do 
the farmers get even the 35 cents of the 
consumers’ dollar here? h. b. betts. 
It. N.-Y.—They do not get it. It goes 
up in smoke. 
DAILY 
0U1PUT 
17,500 
BBLS. 
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Sava 
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F 
