4 7ii 
the; rural new-yorkrr 
April 10, 
Questions About Soluble Oils. 
./. If. B., Johnatoicn, 0.—Will soluble oil 
take the place of Bordeaux? Can it be 
used when the buds begin to open before 
bloom? We have no San .Tost: scale, but 
lots of Scurfy scale. Bordeaux and arsenic 
does no good on these scales, but prevent 
curl and scab. 
Ans. —“Soluble oil” will not take the 
place of Bordeaux. The latter will have 
no effect upon scale insects. It is in¬ 
tended to destroy the germs of plant 
diseases. The oil kills the living scales. 
During the Winter the Scurfy scales 
found in little white patches, cover the 
eggs and not the live insects. There¬ 
fore spraying in Winter does little good 
in destroying Scurfy scale. These eggs 
hatch in late May or early June. Then 
is the time to spray with a diluted mix¬ 
ture. The lime and sulphur recently 
described in The R. N.-Y. will, we 
believe, largely take the place of Bor¬ 
deaux in the future. 
Treatment for Apple Seeds. 
V. H. D., Woodstock, Vt. —How can I raise 
my own native apple trees? I have a lot 
of seeds in the pomace that I saved last 
Fall; also live or six loads of good horse 
manure. Should I separate (he seeds from 
ihe pomace, or can I plant Ihem with the 
pomace? Should they be planted in rows 
or broadcast, and how should I use the 
manure? Is it best to plant in the Spring 
or Fall? 
Ans.— V. H. D. does not say how he 
has kept the apple seed in the pomace 
since last Fall, and that is a very im¬ 
portant part of the matter. The seed 
should be separated from the pomace 
immediately after the apple has come 
from the press, or the pomace will heat 
and sour, and destroy the vitality of the 
seed. After seed has been separated 
from pomace by washing through water, 
it should be mixed with damp (not wet) 
sand, and kept in a cool place where 
mice, rats or squirrels cannot get at it, 
and then planted very early in the 
Spring, in deep, rich soil that has been 
deeply plowed and finely harrowed. 
Plant in rows about two inches deep, 
and cover with fine soil about one inch 
deep; after covering firm the soil 
with hoe, and then put a light covering 
of fine earth over the firmed earth, 
so it will not bake or crust. If the 
pomace has not been in bulk enough to 
heat or sour, and the seed is in good 
condition, then separate now from 
pomace. If pomace is dry it can be 
easily separated by rubbing it with the 
hands and blowing it free from seed 
by a windmill, or -by slowly dropping 
it on a sack or into a box while holding 
it up and the wind will winnow it 
out. If the seed is dry, soak it in warm 
water for 24 hours before planting. 
The stable manure should be plowed 
under and the ground thoroughly cut 
over with a disk harrow before planting 
the seed. I would prefer a deep, rich 
soil without the fresh manure for ap¬ 
ple seed. V. H. D. can easily tell 
whether his seed is good or not after 
soaking for 24 hours in warm water. 
1 f it is then firm and solid it will more 
than likely germinate, but if soft and 
slippery it is no good. e. s. black. 
Chrysanthemum Culture. 
.1. It., So. Bellingham, Wash. — Will you 
give eare and culture of the large flowering 
Chrysanthemums, how to start? 
Ans. —The routine of Chrysanthemum 
culture as practiced in the commercial 
greenhouses of the East may be briefly 
described as follows: Some old plants 
of the former season are utilized as 
stock plants, being kept through the 
Winter in shallow boxes or flats, in a 
greenhouse having a night temperature 
of 45 degrees. The soft young shoots 
from these stock plants are taken for 
cuttings, being planted in sand in a 
propagating house, protected from sun¬ 
shine and draughts, and kept moist. 
Under these conditions, and with prop¬ 
er care, these cuttings will root in about 
three weeks, and are then potted off in 
small pots, using the same compost one 
would use for young carnations. It is 
customary to root these cuttings be¬ 
tween February and May, according to 
whether an early or late crop of flowers 
is the aim, though there is also much 
difference in the time of blooming of 
different varieties of Chrysanthemums, 
and by means of a careful selection of 
varieties one may have a succession of 
flowers from the middle of August up 
to Christmas. These young plants are 
planted out on benches containing about 
five inches of good soil, the plants be¬ 
ing spaced from eight inches to one 
foot apart, according to the variety. 
After the plants are well established 
they are given a mulching of well- 
rotted manure to a depth of about an 
inch, and are carefully staked and tied, 
in order to keep the stems straight. If 
large blooms are desired, only one 
shoot is allowed on each plant, all side 
growths being removed as they appear. 
The time to select the flower buds varies 
with different varieties, but generally 
speaking no buds are permitted on the 
plants before the middle of July, and 
only on the early flowering varieties at 
that date, the matter of selecting the 
buds being one that requires much care 
and experience. Plenty of light and 
air are needed for the welfare of the 
plants, and frequent waterings and 
syringings are required during warm 
and bright weather. Red spiders and 
aphis are the most troublesome insects 
to the Chrysanthemum grower, the first 
being controlled by forcible syringing 
with a hose and clear water, and the 
second by fumigating or spraying with 
nicotine solution. Various caterpillars 
also have great appetites for the foliage 
and buds of these plants, so the pro¬ 
duction of first-class flowers demands 
constant watchfulness. It will be un¬ 
derstood that these brief suggestions 
are in the line of successful practice in 
the East, and that climatic differences 
on the Pacific slope may require some 
variations in cultural methods with 
Chrysanthemums, just as they do with 
some other plants. w. H. taplin. 
When you write advertisers mention Tim 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
‘•a square deal.” See guarantee page 12. 
A SUBSTITUTE 
For Bordeaux Mixture 
10-gnl. keg making 1.500 gals. Spray; delivered at 
any It. K. station in the United States for i)t 1 tt.ftO. 
Prompt shipments. Write to day for fullinformatiun. 
B. G. PRATT CO., M *A“'SS:r“ 
50 CHURCH ST., NEW YORK CITY 
IT PATS TO SPRAY 
The Iron Ase 4-row Sprayer gives 
perfect Katiafiction. Puts solution 
just where needed and in fog-like 
mist. Pump delivers spray under 
high pressure, thus reaching every 
Iron lire 
Four-How 
Sprayer 
BATEMAN MFG. CO., Box 102-S GRENLOCH, N. J 
QETTHE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit grow¬ 
ers we were using common 
sprayers in our own orchards 
—found their defects and 
invented the Eclipse. Its 
success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a larpa scaie. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY. Benton Harbor. Mich. 
h **RMANN$ HKM# 
Get a Full Crop 
I 
by regularly using Herrmann’s Hi-Grade Pure 
Paris Green. It is sure death to the coddling 
moth that every year destroys a quarter of the 
apple crop, as well as to potato bugs, tobacco 
worms, and all insect pests. It is practically 
free from water soluble arsenious acid, there¬ 
fore when properly applied never bums or scalds the tenderest foliage. 
Guaranteed to meet all the requirements of the various State Agricultural Colleges 
Sold in packages, l A lb. to 56 lbs , also barrels and kegs —net weight. Should your 
dealer not have it in stock, ask him to get it lor you. 
Write for Herrmann’s 1910 Almanac 
which tells the right way to spray fruit trees and the 
truck garden with Paris Green. 
MORRIS HERRMANN & CO. 
68 N William St. New York City 
IP 
“Dead Bugs are the only Safe Bugs” 
SPRAY 
Watson 4-ROW Potato Sprayer 
Never damages foliage, but always reaches bugs, worms, and 
other foliage-eating Insects. Has all improvements—adjustable 
wheel width, spray and pressure instantly regulated. Capacity 
30 to40 acres a day. FREE FORMULA BOOK 
for instruction book showing the famous (iarfield. Empire 
King and other sprayers. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO., 2 Eleventh St., Elmira, N. Y. 
-Save Your Fruit Trees— 
Kill Ran Jose Scale, and all other parasites and 
insects, by spraying with a strong solution of 
Good’s c whL < ie P oif h Soap No. 3 
Nothing to injure or poison trees, points, vines or 
shrubs. No sulphur, salt or mineral oils. Dissolves 
easily in water. Used and endorsed by U. S. DE¬ 
PARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 60 II*., #2.60; 100 
Uhl, $4..V>; larger quantities proportionately loss. 
Write to-day for free booklet on Plant Diseases. 
James Good, Original Maker, 945 N. Front St., Phila. 
“Equal to the Best anti Better than the 
Rest." 
SCALIME 
Stands at the head of Lime and Sulphur solutions. Re¬ 
quires no boiling. Kills all seule. Write for circular. 
CHESTER COUNTY CHEMICAL CO., 
B N; High Street, West Chester, Pa. 
The HAND SPRAMOTOR No. 1 or 
No. 2 has 4 to 8 nozzles, all brass 
sprayer. The wheels and nozzles are 
adjustable, from 2G inches to 36 inches. 
Vertical adjustment from rack lt> 
inches. Automatic vertical nozzle ad¬ 
justment-brass spramotor. Ball valves, 
automatic compensating plunger. Me¬ 
chanical atritator, 
It is mounted on a cart with strong, 
hardwood frame. Has 52-inch wooden 
wheels with iron hubs and steel axles. 
For ono horse. 
Can be used for orchard, vineyard, mustard and potatoes, or for painting and 
whitewashing:, Sold without the cart as well. Guaranteed, 
Write for free Treatise on Crop Diseases. AGENTS WANTED. 
E. H. HEARD, 
1326 Erie Street, Buffalo 
1 °“ TnTS 
FAN W NET BIGGEST RETURNS 
ECONOMICAL — THOROUGH — RAPID 
S PRAYING is absolutely essential. You must control plant diseases and 
insect pests to get the most from your field crops and fruit trees. There is no 
argument on that point. But get the right spraying outfit—to do the work 
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One of the Famous spraying outfits meets your needs exactly—no matter what style 
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mounted on skids or trucks. You can 
Use the Engine for Other Work 
An I II C spraying outfit is a year-’round money-maker. You can easily 
detach your 1 or 2-horse-power engine and use it to operate any machine you 
have on the farm—grinder, washing machine, saw, separator, churn, pump, etc. 
You know the reputation of I II C engines for simplicity, economy, dependa¬ 
bility. They are making big money for thousands of farmers, gardeners and 
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Don’t tie your money up in an outfit that can be used only for spraying pur¬ 
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INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA 
(Incorporated) 
Chicago USA 
