482 
THE RUR.A.1* REW-YORKER 
April 1G, 
COST OF A POUND OF MILK. 
The Situation Analyzed. 
At the farmers’ institute held at No. 
Norwich, Chenango Co., N. Y., MarcK 
8-9, a valuable paper was read by W. 
S. Peck, who gave the cost of producing 
milk. He first gave the record of one 
farm for ~U/ 2 years between 1895 to 1903: 
There were 1,676,465 pounds of milk 
produced from an average of 40 cows a 
year, or 5,588 pounds each. The average 
price of this milk was 81.24 per 100 
pounds per year. The cost of feed for 
these cows (hiring this 7% years was .44 
cents per 100 pounds—grain being fed to 
the cows more or less the year around— 
leaving 80 cents per 100 pounds to pay 
expenses. Labor cost from 812 to 820 per 
month. This left a balance sufficient to 
pay all expenses and pay for another 
farm. Cows were bought at an average 
of 840 per head and then the price of these 
cows for beef was at an average of $35. 
Losses of cows were not frequent, and 
usually resulted from accidents. During 
this time the stock increased from 30 to 
85 head and the hay crop increased so 
that 30 tons were carried over. 
We take it that Mr. Peck means 'by 
this that the dairyman did not charge 
anything for his labor or for that of his 
family. The 80 cents per 100 pounds 
was supposed to cover all that. We 
would like to see another statement 
wherein every hour of the man’s labor 
was charged at 20 cents, or 40 cents 
for man and team. Having given fig¬ 
ures for these 7V 2 years, Mr. Peck then 
took up the next seven years—from 
1903 to 1910, as follows: 
Commencing with the Bordens in 1903, 
300.302 pounds of milk was delivered. De¬ 
ducting 10 cents per 100 pounds for de¬ 
livery, gave $1.28 per 100 pounds for tlie 
milk, for the year, and the cost of feed, 
during the Winter only, was 39 cents per 
100 pounds. This left a margin of 89 
cents per 100 pounds to the producer, or 
very nearly two cents per quart. In 
1904 the price of milk was reduced to 
$1.18 per 100 pounds and the cost of feed 
was 33 cents per 100, leaving 85 cents to 
the producer. In 1905 the price was $1.21 
per 100 pounds, with a cost of 50 cents 
per 100 for feed, leaving a balance of 70 
cents to pay all expenses. In 1906 the 
price was again $1.21, and 43 cents was 
paid for feed, with a balance of 78 cents 
to the producer. In 1907 the price of 
milk was raised to $1.37 per 100 pounds, 
with a rise in the cost of feed to 53 cents 
per 100 pounds, and a balance of 84 cents 
to the producer. In 1908 the price of milk 
was $1.35 per 100 pounds, with the cost 
of feed 59 cents per 100. leaving 76 cents 
to the farmer. In 1909. the year Mr. 
Rogers says the Bordens paid the highest 
price ever paid for milk, the price was 
$1.36 per 100 pounds and the cost of feed 
was 57 cents, leaving 79 cents to the 
farmer. Thus for 1908 and 1909 milk 
netted .01 3-5 cents per quart to the farm¬ 
er. after paying 10 cents per 100 pounds 
for delivery and an average of 57 cents 
per 100 pounds for feed. 
And again out of that must come all 
expenses, including any wages or pro lit 
to the farmer. The Bordens claim 
there is no profit in cight-cent retail 
milk, but how will they figure any on 
such prices as are given above? As Mr. 
Peck says:— 
It is reported that foremen and man¬ 
agers get from $1,000 to $3,000 a year and 
help from $1.50 to $2.50 per day. '1 he 
farmer's daughter who works by the piece 
as sealer and can get front $18 to $27 
per week does well. What do her father 
and mother get who work a farm on shares? 
There is the point exactly. Why 
should conditions be such that the girl 
who leaves her father’s farm to handle 
the milk can make more than her parents 
do at producing it? 
Mechanical Choker. 
I have a fine horse 14 years old which 
had distemper three or four years ago, 
which left his wind affected in some way. 
He is a great worker and fine driver, but 
pulling a heavy load or even a buggy up 
hill will sometimes make him whistle and 
cause his tongue to protrude and turn pur¬ 
ple. He never blows when standing still 
and seldom coughs. His feed is clean 
oats and Timothy hay, sometimes ground 
oats and corn or corn on the ear. I tried 
wetting his hay with lime water, but it 
seems to make him worse. He is in good 
condition and spirited. Would you con¬ 
sider it a real case of heaves, or some 
affection of the throat? Can you give any 
advice for treatment? T. u. 
Ohio. 
This is not a case of heaves. There 
may be paralysis of the vocal cords and 
cartilages of the larynx (laryngeal hemi¬ 
plegia), but it is more likely that the 
glands of the throat are enlarged and lin¬ 
ing membranes of the air passages thick¬ 
ened so as to lessen the calibre of the 
passages. In such a condition the horse 
is apt to whistle, and even choke down 
when he lowers his head to pull a load up 
hill or to pull an extra heavy load. Work 
him lightly and put on an overhead chock 
to keep his head up. He may work better 
in a breast collar or humane collar. 
- _ A. S. A. 
Arrangement of Henhouse. 
I have a piece of ground 75x120, with 
house facing the north. I wish to build a 
poultry house, probably 20x20. I would 
like to have it face the south, which means 
that it must face away from my dwelling, 
which I do not favor. I wish to build on 
the extreme end of the lot, and would 
prefer having runs on tlx? north side. If 
I have it face the east they will not get 
the sun in Winter. Another objection : 
7s' SOUTH 
Get my 
Special 
Proposition 
which is 
Real Co¬ 
operation 
Between 
the Manu¬ 
facturer 
and the 
Farmer 
GALLOWAY 
YOU 
$25 to $50 
r — If You Answer This Ad ■ 
Cut or tear out this coupon—or write a postal or letter—and send 
your name to me before you buy any kind of a cream separator. 
Keep <eti> to S50 cash in your own pocket, in savings, and get a better 
soiuirator than von won It 1 tmv othors t,o*!l 10 for—von hatha iudefO 
EESTZ 
PROPOSED 
CHICKEN 
HOUSE 
DWELLING 
NORTH 
WEST 
ST RE EOT 
I may later want to build tlie full width of 
the lot. 75 feet, and. if I faced the east, 
I would have to build separate houses. I 
intend building open front house. How 
would you advise me to build? a. c. 
New York. 
To be profitable this house should 
face the south. The runs could be ar¬ 
ranged on the north side just the same 
with the house facing south. 1 would 
not build right up to the extreme edge 
of the property, but leave room for a 
narrow drive to facilitate getting the 
litter in and in cleaning out the houses. 
FLOYD Q. WHITE. 
Wm. Calloway 
President 
Wm. Calloway 
Company,of America 
“OX 
Cut or tear out this coupon—or write a postal or letter—and f 
• name to me before you buy any kind of a cream separator, 
i ?'.;r> to S50 cash in your own pocket, in savings, and get a better 
separator than you would pay others$85toillOfor—you be the judge 
ami jury. 1 promptly quote you prices direct from my factory to you 
—also send you my big, free separator book and special proposition, 
William Galloway Company, of Amenta^ 
663 Calloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa 
Kamo. 
Town...State. 
"1VTEVER BEFORE in the History of High-Grade Separators 
could you buy the latest standard, highest-grade machine 
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itself. 
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easy and can’t get back out of pi ice. 
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whether your milk is warm or c Id. 
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Wm. Galioway, Pres., The Wm. Galloway Co., of America 
Authorized Capital, $3,500,000.00. 663 Galloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa 
$00,30 
W W and up 
Freight Prepaid 
30 Days’ 
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90 DAYS’ 
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