1910. 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
50 © 
RATION FOR MILCH COWS. 
Please advise me regarding following 
ration for cows, and how it can be im¬ 
proved. I feed 19 pounds per day, equal 
parts mixed feed, cotton-seed meal, one lb. 
oil meal, new process, and 20 pounds mixed 
hay. The prices are: Mixed feed, $33; 
cotton seed, $38 ; linseed, 39. 
Montpelier, Vt. w. H. i>. 
The nutritive ratio of your present 
ration is about 1:4, which is too nar¬ 
row. You are spending too much money 
for protein and you are feeding your 
cows too much grain, unless they are 
exceptionally large animals and ex¬ 
ceptionally heavy milkers. From eight 
to 10 pounds of grain per day is about 
all that can be profitably fed to ordinary 
cows under average conditions. You 
do not give the analysis of the “mixed 
feed,” so we cannot take that into con¬ 
sideration in compounding a ration. 
“Mixed feeds” without analysis are to 
be avoided. Cotton seed 'meal is your 
cheapest source of protein, but we would 
not advise feeding more than two 
pounds per day per cow. The fol¬ 
lowing ration ought to give satisfac¬ 
tion, and will be much cheaper than the 
one you are feeding: Four pounds 
wheat bran, four pounds cornmeal, two 
pounds cotton-seed meal, one pound oil 
meal, 20 pounds mixed hay. This ra¬ 
tion has a nutritive ratio of 1:5, which 
is about right. If 10 pounds of the hay 
could be replaced by 30 pounds silage 
you would have a better feed at less 
cost. From a peck to half a bushel of 
roots or small potatoes (in the absence 
of silage) would benefit your cows. 
c. s. M. 
ROUGHAGE FOR CALIFORNIA COWS. 
1. I have an Alfalfa place, which yields 
well, no raw land to plant any other crop. 
1 can buy bran, middlings and rolled bar¬ 
ley. Would you advise feeding Alfalfa 
alone, or how would you feed with what 
I have mentioned? Do cows do best on 
a small pasture or will they do as well 
in a barn all the time? 2. I have a 10- 
acre peach orchard. What can I plant 
on that in the Fall to do the trees good 
and make feed? P. W. 
Kerman, Cal. 
1. It is certainly a rare case to find 
a dairy farm with no roughage except 
Alfalfa growing upon it. While Alfalfa 
is one of the best feeds grown, it would 
be better to feed it in connection with 
other feeds like corn fodder, silage or 
mixed hay. However, you should be 
able to obtain good results by feeding 
the feeds mentioned in the proportion 
of 15 pounds Alfalfa, six pounds crushed 
barley, two pounds wheat middlings, 
and two pounds wheat bran. This com¬ 
bination has a nutritive ratio of 1:4.8, 
which is too narrow to be economical 
unless you are located in a section where 
corn will not thrive. If you can grow 
corn and make silage of it you could 
improve this ration by feeding both 
silage and Alfalfa. I would not advise 
feeding Alfalfa alone without grain of 
some kind, as it is not a balanced feed, 
because it contains an excessive amount 
of protein. Cows should never be con¬ 
fined in a stable all the time, but should 
be allowed the run of a good-sized yard 
or pasture at least a part of the time, 
whenever the weather is suitable. While 
it is possible to produce milk and butter 
in large quantities from cows which 
are kept in close confinement, the cows’ 
health and the health of future genera¬ 
tions depend to a great extent upon the 
exercise, light and air which the cows 
get under natural conditions in the 
pasture. 
2. I do not know that I understand 
your conditions well enough to advise 
what to sow in a peach orchard in Cali¬ 
fornia. Here in the East it would be 
either clover or Winter wheat or rye. 
I understand that the climate in a large 
part of your State is much warmer than 
it is here. Could you not raise bats and 
peas or some similar crop either late in 
the Fall or early in the Spring, feeding 
what you can green and making hay of 
the remainder? c. s. G. 
Little Girl: “Mother, that’s such a 
nasty little boy; whenever he passes me 
he makes a face.” Mother: “Very 
rude of him. I hope you don’t do it 
back.” Little Girl: “Oh, dear no! I 
simply turn up my nose and treat him 
with despisery.”—Punch. 
PLAN FOR HENHOUSE. 
The diagram below represents the west 
side of poultry house of my conception, the 
house to be 10 feet wide, other dimensions 
as given. Door on east side opposite win¬ 
dow, both to have screens for Summer. To 
build front proceed as follows: Two feet 
from either side set stud from sill to plate 
4% feet from sill up of width formed by 
side of building and stud to be open and 
covered with poultry netting, the remaining 
distance to plate to be boarded tight. The 
six feet in center between studs to be glass 
from sill seven feet high, to be protected 
with netting and curtain for Summer. In¬ 
side from each stud build a wing as shown 
by dotted line, parallel with side for wind¬ 
break, the wings to be 4% or five feet high 
and three at base. Roosts to be in rear. 
Building to be made tight. Nests and feed 
hoppers along side. If you think this 
plan worth trying describe it. If no good, 
tell me so. I would like to have it criti¬ 
cized by good authority. I am thinking 
of building on this plan. t. o. m. 
Bridgeton, Ind. 
Each year we are coming to believe 
more in keeping the hens in the open 
air even if we do suffer loss of a few 
eggs during bitter cold weather. The 
hens’ health demand fresh air, and we 
are building just as-cheaply as possible, 
making three sides-and roof, the front 
almbst all open. This house would cost 
more than if built square, and it would 
have to be higher than' it ought to be, 
to get light way back those 18 feet. The 
inside wings would serve as a wind¬ 
break, but in a bad snowstorm they 
would be but little help in keeping out 
the snow. And like “Sockery,” if 
I was going to build this house I would 
build something else, or turn this around 
the 18 feet facing the south. 
FLOYD Q. WHITE. 
THE BETTER FARMING TRAIN. 
The better farming special train over 
the B. & A. R. R. reached this neighbor¬ 
hood, and I made special arrangements to 
take it in. I live half way between two 
of its last stops, So. Framingham and 
Milford. As my wife was going to Fram¬ 
ingham on other business, I told her to 
go early enough to visit it and learn what 
she could, and I would meet it in Milford. 
As there were several cars with lecturers 
in each at the same iime we could only 
of course, hear one. At both places quite 
large crowds gathered, and were much in¬ 
terested. There were instructive exhibits 
in each car. In one car fertilizers, etc., and 
practical results from same were talked on 
and explained briefly. The dairy car, which 
I happened to enter to hear the lecture, 
was quite well arranged with samples of 
pure and impure dairy feeds, and many 
other things, including latest in practical 
dairy utensils, strainers, etc., also models 
of dairy cattle. The forestry car had an 
extra good exhibit, including all stages of 
life of Gypsy and Brown-tail moths and 
parasites of same, and also other insect 
enemies of forest vegetation. The fruit 
car was good with several varieties of well- 
preserved apples, also packages of packed 
apples, showing how it should be done for 
market, all about spraying and samples of 
sprayed and unsprayed fruit. The next 
car contained an important exhibit, a forest 
fire wagon well equipped for the business, 
something that is badly needed in every 
town. I believe the forest even more im¬ 
portant if anything than the buildings, as 
the latter are usually insured for part of 
their value at least, and can be replaced 
in a short time. It takes a lifetime to 
grow a forest. It has been already an 
awful Spring about here for fires, hardly a 
day but one can be seen, and often several. 
One day in particular about a week ago 
there were three alarms in one town next 
us on the east, three also in the one on 
the north, and two very bad fires in an¬ 
other to the northwest, one of these a 
brush fire set by a locomotive and burnt 
over about 200 acres and did $1,000 dam¬ 
age on one place alone in timber land. 
The other also started from same cause on 
another railroad; a spark set a field of 
dead grass. This burned to a small build¬ 
ing at its edges; sparks from this started, 
and burned flat a house and barn and then 
four other houses were partly burned and 
several others caught, but were put out. 
In this State by a recent law the railroad 
will have to pay for fire department ex¬ 
penses, also recompense the owners both 
for forest and building. 
The other part of the car was devoted 
to poultry raising; this was a slim ex¬ 
hibit, as our State college has practically 
no money appropriated to carry on this 
work. As the train only stopped l 1 /*. hour 
at each place, there was not nearly enough 
time to see and hear properly what was 
before us. It should spend a half-day at 
each stop and go into the subject more 
thoroughly and give people a chance to 
see and hear all there is. The lectures 
were too brief and incomplete. They spoke 
too much on what any intelligent farmer 
already knows, or ought to know, and 
what a person who reads the farm papers 
thoughtfully can know, especially on the 
dairy questilon. But what they did say 
was all right, and good and instructive as 
far as it went. Let us hope they will 
try it again and often, and do it thor¬ 
oughly next time, and wake the people up 
to the opportunity before them. 
Massachusetts. a. e. proctor. 
LEGAL MATTERS. 
Liability for Pasture. 
I have been pasturing a bull for a 
neighbor, who wishes to take him without 
settling the account. Can I hold him for 
my charges? k. w. 
You have a lien on the animal for the 
amount of your charges, if reasonable. It 
would be trespass for him to take the bull 
by force. If your charges are not paid 
you can post notices and sell him at public 
auction, when you may deduct your charges 
and cost of sale from the proceeds.. You 
should demand a settlement first. If you 
give up the bull you lose your lien, but 
can sue for your charges due you. 
Roads Snow Blocked. 
When a road is blocked by snow, may 
a person break down a fence and drive 
over the land of another? j. n. g. 
New Jersey. 
In times of necessity due to snowdrifts, 
washouts or no bridge persons are at lib¬ 
erty to drive through the land of another, 
taking a short route and doing no injury. 
The repair in road must be made without 
delay. The township committee has ex¬ 
tensive power to engage men to clear out 
snowdrifts, so that no road should be 
blocked long. When road is drifted or in 
bad condition, you should write to your 
town authorities. 
Property Left in Trust. 
A relative left a legacy to her son for 
his use, and at his death it is to descend 
to my children. What assurance do we 
have that this property, which is cash, 
will not be spent by the son? c. a. 
Ohio. 
It is likely that it is left in trust for 
your children or the son has the interest 
merely of it, while the principal goes to 
your children at his death. The law is 
very zealous in the protection of the rights 
of children and all trustees are held in 
strict accountability. A reference to the 
will may show that the rights of your 
children are defined. 
Obstruction of Highway. 
A heavy wagon was left in a narrow 
street of a city on a dark night without 
lights to warn travelers. A man drove 
into it and sustained injury. Who is lia¬ 
ble? R. w. C. 
Ohio. 
It is gross negligence for anyone to 
leave a wagon in a street at night without 
red lights to warn those driving by. A 
person is presumed to foresee the results 
of his acts, and, as the streets are for 
trafiic, not for storage purposes, the party 
leaving wagon is liable. A man driving 
may assume that the streets are clear. 
The city is not liable unless the authori¬ 
ties knew that the city lights were out at 
a dangerous point. 
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There’s half this much saving in 
the use of a DE LAVAL over 
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separators last but from six 
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That’s the whole separator 
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A DE LAVAL catalogue may 
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