604 
Way 14 
THE 
RURAL 
NEW-YORKER 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must he accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answored in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
THE COST OF A CROP. 
No. 4—A New York Wheat Crop. 
Mr. F. A. Seeley, of Ontario County, 
N. Y., sends the following statement 
of a wheat crop grown last year: 
By 125 bit. wheat at $1.10 per bu.$137.50 
To plowing (i acres at $2.50 per acre 15.00 
Fitting 10 times over at $2.50. 25.00 
Drilling . 2.50 
Seed, 2 Vi bushels per acre, 13 Vz 
bushels at $1.00 . 14.50 
Fertilizers, 200 pounds per acre, at 
$30 per ton . 18.00 
Culting, $6: shocking, $2; twine, 
$1.25 .>. 9-25 
Drawing to barn, two men and 
team, one day . 0.00 
Thrashing bill, 4 cents per bushel.. 5.00 
Help bill, eight men, two hours each 3.20 
Thrashing coal . .30 
Drawing to market, five miles. 6.00 
Interest on land at $80 per acre.. 28.80 
Taxes and insurance . 6.00 
$138.05 
No charge for depreciation on teams, 
tools, etc. No credit to straw. This goes 
back to the land to repay only in part the 
depreciation occasioned by the removal of 
the elements of fertility contained in the 
grain. Is this profit or loss? 
These figures are different from the 
reports to be ma'de this year. We do 
not know how Mr. Seeley figured the 
cost of plowing an acre at $2.50. It is 
a simpler plan to figure the hours at 20 
cents, for the man and 10 cents for each 
horse. In this case, the wheat paid 
wages and taxes and a fair interest on 
the value of the land. 
No. 5—A Pennsylvania Oat Crop. 
The following statement is sent by 
Mr. Chas. L. Grover, of Bethlehem, Pa. 
This is a “run-down” farm which Mr. 
Grover hopes to restore by good cul¬ 
ture : 
Our this year oats field measures exactly 
nine acres, and on this land we raised corn 
last year. My brother plowed under the 
corn stubble, then dragged it one way and 
harrowed it the other, and then drilled it. 
As he had been helping one of our neigh¬ 
bors with our team, they returned the 
favor by coming over with their teams on 
the last day, so that the nine acres were 
harrowed over once and drilled in one day. 
This was done by putting on three teams 
in the morning at harrowing and two 
drills in the afternoon, completing the 
work before dark. It turned out that we 
put in just 204 pounds of fertilizer per 
acre, about what I planned to do, and 
about two bushels of oats, which was less 
than I intended to do. The following gives 
the cost of planting, including the three 
teams, when used, at 40 cents an hour for 
each man and team: 
Plowing . 62 hours. 
liarrowing and dragging •.... 18 hours. 
Drilling . 11 hours. 
Total . 91 hours. 
At 40 cents per hour, this would put 
the labor at .*...$36.40 
Fertilizer (1,837 pounds) . 24.00 
19 bushels oats at 60 cents . 11.40 
Total cost .$71.80 
This is a cost of $8 per acre for pre¬ 
paring the ground and planting. One can 
readily see at: this time, after considering 
the cost of harvesting and thrashing, just 
how great a yield per acre would be neces¬ 
sary in order to realize a fair profit on 
the amount invested in land and machin¬ 
ery, etc. I intended to send away and 
pay double what I did for seed oats, but 
I put off ordering the seed to such a 
late date that I had to get the best I 
could in this locality. 
No. 6—A Long Island Potato Crop. 
Last week Mr. Chas. L. Foster, of 
Long Island, gave figures showing how 
his four acres of corn cost $144.35 in 
manure and fertilizer before the seed 
was dropped. We now give his figures 
'for 1GY 2 acres of potatoes up to April 
25: 
1!) 2-3 tons 5-8-8 fertilizer at $28.85. $567.39 
276 bu. seed potatoes at 70 cents.- 193.20 
250 pounds sulphur at 3 cents.... 7.50 
13 hours carting fertilizer, three 
horses, at 50 cents . 6.50 
72 hours plowing, 2 horses, at 40c. 28.80 
12 hours disking, 3 horses, at 50c. 6.00 
6 hours rolling, 2 horses, at 40c 2.40 
32 hrs. harrowing, 3 horses, at 50c. 16.00 
92 hours cutting seed, man. at 20c. 18.40 
36 hours drilling fertilizer, 2 horses, 
at 40 cents . 14.40 
36 hours planting, 2 horses, at 40c. 14.40 
Total .$874.99 
Here we have an average cost of 
$53.30 per acre, including labor at team¬ 
ster’s wages. Some of our Western 
friends who simply turn over a clover 
sod and plant potatoes will be shocked 
at this expense, but wait until the sea¬ 
son is over. This is not far from the 
average cost of getting Long Island po¬ 
tatoes into the ground. We shall try 
to give the items of labor cost as they 
occur through the season. 
SPRAYING FOR THE CODLING MOTH. 
We have heard much discussion as to 
the best time for using poisons to kill the 
Codling moth. The following advice by 
Prof. C. P. Gillette, of Colorado, is printed 
in News Notes: 
“Tbe most important of all the sprays 
for the control of the Codling moth is 
that made just after the blossoms have 
fallen and before the calyx lobes have 
closed. The reason that it is so important 
to make a thorough application at this time 
is because, on an average, about 80 per 
cent of the worihs for the year try to 
enter the apple at the calyx or blossom 
end. If the poison can be placed in the 
blossom before it closes, it remains there 
to catch the 80 per cent of the first 
brood. In doing this the second brood 
is also lessened by 80 per cent. The poison 
then remains within tbe calyx to kill 80 
per cent of the 20 per cent of the second 
brood that was left. It is also important 
because, if tbe poison is not applied before 
the calyx closes, the 80 per cent of worms 
that enter at the calyx then have free 
access to the apple without danger of be¬ 
ing poisoned, and no amount of spraying 
afterwards can get them. So, after all, 
the best time to poison the worms that 
are to enter the apples at the calyx in 
August, September and October, is at the 
time of the first treatment, when the blos¬ 
soms have nearly all fallen from the trees. 
“In order to get l-esults it is necessary 
that this first treatment be made very 
thorough. By a thorough treatment is 
meant one that will fill practically all the 
calyx cups with the poisonous spray. In 
order to do this large trees will require 
anywhere from six to 12 gallons of spray. 
The coarser the spray the larger quantity 
it will require to thoroughly treat the 
trees. The spray, however, should be 
coarse enough to have good carrying power, 
so that it can be driven into the blossoms 
upon all parts of the tree. While making 
this first application some one who is di¬ 
recting the spray should occasionally thor¬ 
oughly examine the blossoms on all parts 
of a tree just sprayed for the purpose of 
determining whether or not the liquid is 
being deposited in all the blossoms. Any 
man can test his work from time to time 
in this way if he chooses, and so be able 
to know positively whether or not the work 
is being thoroughly done. 
“Avoid throwing a large amount of the 
spray directly upon the trunks and large 
limbs of the trees, because when this is 
done the poison is carried down about the 
crown, where it is apt to do serious harm 
poisoning the crown of the tree itself. If 
this first treatment is very thoroughly 
done, 1 do not believe it is worth while 
to spray again until about four weeks 
after the blossoms have fallen, which will 
be approximately the date when the eggs 
of the first brood begin to hatch. A treat¬ 
ment at this time should be made with a 
very fine spray, so directed as lightly to 
cover all parts of the fruit and foliage to 
poison those worms that enter at the sides 
of the apples. With these first two treat¬ 
ments thoroughly made, as above described, 
the writer believes that we have the best 
possible condition for the destruction of 
the worms of the first brood. If the worms 
of this first brood are practically all de¬ 
stroyed, there could be but a very light 
second brood, unless the moths for the 
second brood of worms fly into the orchard 
from the surrounding orchards that have 
not been properly treated.” 
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-in every normal 
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The proof is in the hearing. 
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the Victor. The dealer will sell 
on easy terms if desired. 
Victor Talking Machine Co. 
20th an d Cooper Sts., Camden, N. J. 
Berliner Gramophone Co., Montreal, Canadian Distributors 
To get best results, use only 
Victor Needles on Victor Records 
Victor 
JPTtfRoofing 
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NEW YORK CHICAGO CINCINNATI 
We are the oldest, largest, most experienced, and 
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Spray fo-r Scale now. 
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Our book on spraying for Scale and insect destroy¬ 
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THU JAMES A. BLANCHARD CO., 
lUi? Hudson Terminal Bldg., New York City 
Factories—New York and St. Joseph, Mich. 
Live Agents Wanted Everywhere 
Cow Peas. 
Wood’s 
& Seeds. 
We are headquarters for all Farm Seeds— 
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quoted on request. 
Write for prices and Wood’s Crop Special, 
giving Interesting information about Farm 
Seeds. Mailed free on request. 
T. W. WOOD & SONS, 
SEEDSMEN, • • RICHMOND, VA. 
INOCULATED ALFALFA SOIL 
75c. per hundred pounds. S10.00 per toil. F.O.B. Cars. 
Send for free booklet “ How to Grow Alfalfa.” 
DR. H. SOMERVILLE, 
Chest Springs Cambria Co., Pa. 
Cherry Trees, S7 per 100; Apples, Pears,Peaches, Plums 
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stock. Send for our free catalog on Fruits & Orna¬ 
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Sold by the Seedsmen 
All Over America 
For pamphlet on Bugs and Blight, write to 
B. Hammond, Fishkill-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
A SUBSTITUTE 
For Bordeaux Mixture 
10-gnl. keg making 1. SCO gals. Spray; delivered at 
any It. R. station in the United States for $ I ‘.1.50. 
Prompt ohipments. Write to-day for fullinformution. 
B. G. PRATT 
50 CHURCH ST., NEW YORK CITY 
IT PATS TO SPRAY 
The Iron Age 4-row Sprayer gives 
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part oi'vine.efiectuallykiningbuge 
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Orchard Spraying attach- ^ ^5 
ment. Write for tree 
catalog illustrat¬ 
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other Iron 
Age tools. 
Iron Age 
Foor-llow 
BATEMAN MFG. CO., Box 102-S GRENLOCH, N. J 
FRUIT TREES AND PLANTS. 
It has been our specialty for years to grow the best stock for commercial planters. Otir 
experience at your service. Our free catalog is full of valuable “pointers” for you. If 
you are interested in anything in Fruit or Ornamental Stock it will pay you to write us early 
BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO., Box 8, YALESVILLE, CONN. 
