6-44 
TH EC RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Juno 11, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every Query must Ns accompanied by the name 
and aduress of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
STARTING CLOVER ON POOR SOIL. 
IF. K. 8., Northeastern Pennsylvania .— 
1 have four acres of red shale land that 
raised buckwheat last year, and with a little 
fertilizer would bring a fairly good crop 
this year, but it is not grass land, and 
if seeded to grass would not pay the 
taxes; heve is my plan to get this piece 
in shape to raise clover: I shall have it 
plowed this month and sow to buckwheat, 
with one-half ton of buckwheat fertilizer. 
I have no doubt of this raising a good 
growth of straw, which I shall turn under 
when in blossom, put on as much more 
fertilizer of a better grade and sow to 
rye, very thick ; in the Spring, when about 
a foot high, turn under deeply; put on a 
ton of lime to each acre, June 1st another 
half ton of fertilizer and plant to fodder 
corn, this is to be well worked, harvested 
about September 15 ; plowed, and other half 
ton of fertilizer and seeded to rye and 
clover, the rye to be cut early for fodder 
before the grain has a chance to rob the 
clover. This will add plenty of humus to 
the soil, with a ton of lime and half a ton 
of fertilizer to each acre. This land, all 
through this section, would raise great 
clover 30 or 40 years ago, but now there 
are hundreds of acres that will not sprout 
clover. 
Ans. —As we understand it, you expect 
to use the half ton of fertilizer on the 
entire four acres. Using the figures given 
in our crops estimates it will cost about 
$20 in labor to fit the four acres for each 
crop. As you plan four plowings before 
seeding to clover this means $80. Two 
tons of fertilizer and four tons of lime 
mean about $65, and seed of all kinds 
will cost about $20. The four acres will 
cost about $105 or over $25 each seeded 
to rye and clover. You ought to be able 
to get a good stand of clover in this way. 
Orchard Heaters for Small Fruits. 
E. 8. IT., Ephrata, Pa .—Can you furnish 
me with information regarding orchard 
heaters used on small fruits, such as straw¬ 
berries, etc., to prevent frost? Has anyone 
in the East had any experience with them ? 
If so, I should be very thankful for the 
desired information. 
Ans. —We have no record of such use 
except in orchards at the West. Under 
some conditions the heaters have been 
quite effective. If anyone can tell of 
their use for small fruits, vegetables or 
other low-growing crops, we shall be 
glad to have the information. 
An Attack of Fire Blight. 
P. J. 8., Richmond, Va .—Some of my 
young apple trees are affected with a dis¬ 
ease that causes the leaves to appear as if 
bitten by frost. Sdme of the twigs and 
leaves are dead for six or more inches. 
Ans. —There is scarcely a doubt that 
the trouble with the apple trees is fire 
blight. This disease comes on pear trees 
more than on any other but it affects 
apple and quince trees as well. With the 
pear the affection is often far down the 
branches, where the bark dies in patches, 
and when these patches extend entirely 
around the branch the parts above are 
cut off from the natural supply of sap 
and death results. This causes the leaves 
to turn black, because they die in the 
growing season and do not mature na- 
urally and turn yellow or brown as they 
would in that case. Hence the name fire 
blight, as if the green leaves had been 
scorched by fire. With apple trees the 
germs of the disease take hold of the 
tender growing tips of the branches and 
kill them, so that the dead leaves appear 
there only. T-he same is true of quince 
trees. In some cases the affection extends 
down the tip branches for a foot or 
more but rarely lower than that. As to 
a remedy there is none after the germs 
once get started into the living tissues,, 
and that occurs long before there is any¬ 
thing outwardly to show what is going 
on inside. No spray or other means of 
killing the germs can ever reach the 
seat of the disease. The only possible 
way to kill them is to have the parts 
coated with sulphate of copper where 
the germs may be killed by it when they 
light there. They are carried about by- 
other means. Scientists say that the in¬ 
sects light on the places where the germs 
are in the diseased juice that comes to 
the surface of the bark and from there 
they go to other parts of the same tree 
and to other trees and thus infect new 
places, provided there is a sufficiently 
tender exterior to be susceptible of in¬ 
oculation. But spraying does little good 
as a preventive, so it is claimed by those 
who have done the experimenting. 
Stamping out the diseased branches be¬ 
low where they are affected is the most 
practical way to work. This must be 
done systematically and thoroughly. It 
would be well to get the latest printed 
bulletins on this subject from the Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture at Washington. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Sweet Clover in Buckwheat. 
G. A. C., Montour Falls , N. Y .—I have 
about five acres of land which I intend to 
sow to buckwheat this year. Would it be 
all right to sow Sweet clover for a green 
crop to turn under in the Spring? If so, 
where can I get the seed? 
. Ans. —I have never seeded Sweet 
clover in this way, but I am confident 
that it will be a success if there is 
moisture enough, and live seed is used. 
Once well started there is wo legume 
so sure to live through our Winter. 
Seedsmen should be willing to guarantee 
live seed. Test the seed as soon as re¬ 
ceived. Here is what a reliable seed 
company says : “Sweet clover is as diffi¬ 
cult a seed for us to buy as any that we 
handle. Four-fifths of the samples of¬ 
fered us are absolutely worthless. On 
this account we advise our customers to 
be very careful, and to be sure that they 
obtain good, live seed. Ours is all 
tested before being sent out. and if it 
does not show a fair germination upon 
its arrival we are willing to take the 
seed back, provided that it is returned 
within 10 days after its receipt, and re¬ 
place it, or refund the money." In order 
that no Sweet clover shall go to seed and 
so spread as a weed,, sow far enough 
from fences, etc., that the plow may 
reach all. vermonter. 
lBREEZE THandson,eModil8 $275 
I .. , v . . , Travel the worst roads . ... 
I Motor Vehicle with ease and comfort And Up 
SEND FOR CATALOG “I” 
The 11 feeze is strong, simple, speedy 
and safe. Host motor vehicle built lor 
country roads—mud, deep s«ml or 
high hills. 18-18 11.-P. engines. 
Lowest cost of upkeep,least tire 
I trouble. Handsomely finished. 
THE JEWEL CARRIAGE GO. 
CINCINNATI, OHIO. 
91 ATF RflflFINfi at wholesale; lastsforever; 
OLMiL nUUnilU needs no paint ov repairs; 
never leaks. W. M. Benningkb, Waluutport, Pa. 
BMONTHOSS METAL SHINGLES 
Famous over 21 years for Service,Durability 
TjM and Economy. Ornamental, Inexpensive. 
11 U Catalog free. flloittross Co., Camden, X. .1. 
LET ME START YOU IN BUSINESS ! 
I will furnish the advertising matter and the plans. 1 
want one sincere, earnest man in every town and town¬ 
ship. Farmers. Mechanics, Builders. Small Businessman. 
Anyone anxious to improve his condition. Address 
COMMERCIAL DEMOCRACY, Dept. 0-35, Elyria, Ohio. 
We manufacture Lawn &pd Farm Fence. Sell direct 
shipping to users only, at manufacturers' prices. N. 
agents. Ou reatalog is Free. Write for it today. 
UP-TO-DATE MFG. CO. 936 10th St., Terre Haute, Ind. 
Don’t Rust Farm Fence 
Extra heavily galvan¬ 
ized. Sold direct to 
farmers at manufactur¬ 
ers’ prices. 80days’ free 
trial. Freight prepaid. 
Also Poultry and Orna¬ 
mental Wire and Iron 
Fences. Catalogue flue. 
Write for special offer. 
The Ward Fence Co., 
Box 338 Decatur, Ind. 
Cabbage Plants 
ENKHUIZKN'S GLORY (the world’s best cab¬ 
bage), grown from extra selected seed, my own 
importation, direct from introducers in Holland, of 
this truly wonderful cabbage, l.OOO, $1.50; 
5,000, $0.00. All Head Early, Early Summer, 
Succession, Winningstadt, Sorehead, Late Flat 
Dutch. Drumhead, Perfection Drumhead Savoy, 
Red Rock, Danish Ball Head 1,000, $1; 5,000,$4; 
10,000, $“.50. Catalog—Seeds,Bulbs, Plants,free. 
J. AUG. DRAKE, SEEDSMAN- 
100 Main Street, Chester, N. J. 
CABBAGE PLANTSTamT.™ S 
SI per 1000. CL0VERN00K FRUIT FARM, Cliambersburg, Pa. 
Running Water on the Farm kitchen or barn. 
Pump without expense with an automatic 
RIFE RAM 
Cheapest and most efficient 
water supply for co ntry 
place, irrigation, farms, etc. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. 
Booklet, plans, estimates free. 
Rife Engine Co. 2129 Trinity B!dg.,N.Y. 
The Po S.^ir p Dowden 
Send for Free Catalogue 
strong, always in order. Works in all 
soils, all depths, hillside and level. No cutting 
and none missed. Potatoes always clean, lying 
on top of ground. Works well in heavy tops. 
DOWDEN MFG. COMPANY 
• IT I _ CIhaaA DnoSnia CHl/. Ra.. II. fi. A. 
The* “BOSS” POTATO 
jih ri -• 
Has nev- 
er been 
beaten in 
trials. 
We can 
f u r n ish 
testimo¬ 
nials, on 
r e q uest, 
from all 
of the country. 
Write for cat- 
alog, prices.&c. 
This Ma¬ 
chine is 
not a new 
thing, hut 
has been 
thoroughly tested in all 
kinds of soil, and under all 
conditions, ami pronounced 
—as its name implies—the BOSS OF 
AL1. l> 1 <;<;!.KS, and to-day is in use 
by the best potato raisers in the coun¬ 
try. It weighs about f >00 pounds, and 
is easily bandied by TWO liORSEf*. 
It is so adjusted that the operator can 
dig every row and deliver them on one 
side of the field, making them easy to pick up. It 
will dig an uneven surface, and on side hill as well 
as on the level, making a complete separation of the 
tubers from the soil and the weeds. It is made 
strong, durable,will do good work on stonv ground. 
E. R. ALLEN FOUNDRY CO., Corning, N.Y. 
REXTRACT— REXTRACT 
The preparation that has successfully controlled Orange and Grape Thrips in California. Manu 
factored only by THE REX COMP ANTES and is backed by their reputation for goods of quality 
A combination of R£X UM£ AND SULPHUR SOLUTION 
Write 
and Black Leaf Tobacco Extract, the result of three years’ experimental work. 
Sure Destruction to Thrips, Aphides and Pear PsySla, 
THE REX COMPANY, P. 0. Box 712, Rochester, New York ( 
Monti on\ 
this paper/ 
WRITE FOR 
QUOTATIONS 
4TT We have a complete list 
*■ of commercial varieties 
of first grade apple trees for 
sale at popular prices. 
Agents wanted to handle our line of 
nursery stock. 
STONE & WELLINGTON, 
TORONTO, Ontario. 
Martin Fertilizers 
Again in the lead as Crop Producers and enrichers 
of the soil. Manufactured flora the by-products 
of our own seven large abattoirs and stockyards, 
they are every pound a fertilizer, containing 
double tbe value of rock, rock-base, leather and 
cheap materials fertilizer. No cheap filler or 
make-weight used in our brands. Animal Bone 
fertilizers are tlie best and cheapest, experience 
having proven their power to build up and enrich 
the soil for the after crops. We want responsible 
agents. 
D. B. MARTIN CO., 706 Penn Bldg., Pittsburg', Pa. 
OUR NEW TRADE-MARK 
TRADE-MARK 
inn nnn LATE CA8BAGE PLANTS-AIko Celery Pl.r 
luUfUUU for sale. Will be ready to ship s<>' 
lants 
. .... ip soon. 
Let your orders come. DAVID RODWAY, Harlly, Del. 
ONE QUART OF STRAWBERRIES ?° l e a a £? 
KEVITTS SYSTEM. Send for my Mid-Summer 
Catalogue. T. C. KEV1TT, Atlienln, N. J. 
CABBAGE 
Plants; catalog free. Glick’s Seed Farms, Lancaster, Pa. 
V EGETABLE PLANTS—Cabbage Plants, $1 per 1,000. 
'IoinatoL-N, Sweet Potatoes. Peppers ami Eggplants, $2 per 
1,000. Cauliflower,$2.50 per 1,000. J. C. SCHMIDT, Bristol, Pa. 
SWEET POTATO PLANTS 
500,000 Jersey \ ellow sprouts grown from selected 
seed. $150 per thousand. 
JOHN CASAZZA, Vineland, N. J. 
FOR 9AI F — Charleston Wakefield, Early Sum- 
lUn unLL met Cabbage, Earliana, Jewel, 
June Pink, Stone, Beauty and Globe Tomatoes, 1000, 
SO.00. Hothouse grown, transplanted into flats, 
frame hardened. Fine stock. Knocked out, packed 
securely, safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. 
F. E. PFCEHAM, Norwich. Conn. 
Cow Peas and Crimson Glover 
E. G. PACKARD, Field Seeds Specialist, Dover, Delaware. 
BINDER TWINE Ik POUND. 
Shipped on approval. Farmer Agents 
wanted. For samples and catalogue write 
TiiEO. BURT & SONS, Melrose, Ohio 
^UTIUZE^ 
SoleJy Manufactured by 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO. 
Middletown, Conn. 
Send for Free Almanac telling all about th« 
Hubbard “Bone Base” Fertilizers 
MANUFACTURERS OF ALL 
KINDS OF 
FRUIT BASKETS 
and CRATES 
Write for Catalog and Price List 
WEBSTER BASKET CO., 
Box 14, Webster, Monroe Co., New York. 
INOCULATED fiLF*LFA SOIL 
75c. per hundred paunds. SI0.00 per ton. F.O.G. Cars. 
Send for free booklet “ How to Grow Alfalfa.” 
l>lt. H. SOMERVILLE, 
Chest Springs Cambria Co., Fa. 
W ANTED AGENTS TO SELL FARMERS’ ACCOUNT BOOK. 
Quick Seller, Big Inducements, Exclusive Terri¬ 
tory. Address L. L. SYPHERS, Fort Wayne, Did. 
Make the Farm Pay 
Complete Home Stud)* Courses in Agricul¬ 
ture, Horticulture, Floriculture, l andscape 
Gardening, Forestry, Poultry Culture and 
Veterinary Science under Prof. Brooks of the 
Mass. Agricultural College, Prof, Craig of ! 
Cornell University and other eminent leach- i 
ers. Over oneliundred Home Study Courses i 
under able professors in leading colleges J 
SSoO page catalogue free. Write to-day. 
THE HOME COItKKSPONHENCE SCHOOL 
I>ept. Springfield, Mass. 
Prof. Brooks 
