1010. 
THE HU RAI< NEW-YORKER 
726 
Cherries Cracking. 
G. L. F., Malvern, Mass. —Would you tell 
me if possible the cause of the splitting or 
cracking open of ripening cherries? I have 
a tree heavily fruited with fine large Gov. 
Wood cherries, but they are cracking just 
as they begin to turn red. I have laid it 
to a continuance of wet weather. 
Ans. —The cracking of sweet cherries 
is a very common trouble during wet 
weather. Sometimes the crop is ruined. 
The excessive internal moisture causes 
the cherries to swell, and the external 
moisture may have a tendering effect on 
the skin. This occurs all over the coun¬ 
try, regardless of longitude or latitude. 
On the Pacific coast, where this class 
of cherries is grown very largely, it is 
not often that rains occur during the 
Summer when cherries are ripening, and 
therefore it is rarely that they crack. 
But I have known them to be very dis¬ 
appointing to the growers in the Wil¬ 
lamette Valley of Oregon and in the 
Puget Sound country, when rams are 
occasionally known to fall in Summer¬ 
time. East of the Cascade Range there 
is much less chance of rain at that time 
of year, and the cherry crop is almost 
sure to mature unharmed. In the Eas¬ 
tern States the danger is much greater. 
It is no wonder that there is trouble of 
this kind this year, which is unusually 
rainy. H. e. van deman. 
Failure With Strawberries. 
C. E. M., Salisbury, N. II. —I am inter¬ 
ested in small fruit culture, and had good 
success with all except strawberries. I 
bought 1000 plants this Spring and set 
them out as carefully as I knew how, but 
they all died but 50. 1 got them from a 
reliable firm, so place no blame there. 
Would you tell me the best method to fol¬ 
low in trying again? Do you dig a hole 
with a trowel or use a dibble? If the soil 
is wet should I wait for it to dry? 
Ans. —We do not know the cause of 
your failure if the plants were good ones. 
We can usually make 90 per cent or 
more live. The plants may have been 
heated in the crate, so that the roots 
began to rot. You may have left them 
exposed so that they dried out. When 
we get a crate of plants we pour a 
bucket of water over it so as to soak 
down through. Then with spade or 
small plow we make a furrow deep 
enough to hold the roots down straight. 
The plants usually come in bunches or 
bundles of 25. These are shaken out 
and put with their roots in the furrow 
and the soil brought up to the crown of 
the plant. These bundles are set in 
this way along the furrow, not too close 
together, but about two inches apart. 
If the soil is dry water is poured along 
the furrow. We kept plants in this 
way nearly a month this year, waiting 
for the soil to dry. In planting we 
mark both ways. A part of the root and 
the tops are clipped off with shears or 
pinched by hand. A trowel or spade is 
thrust into the ground. With a shake 
and twist the roots are spread out and 
put fan-shape into the hole just back 
of the flat trowel. The latter is quickly 
pulled out and the earth firmed around 
the plant. Do not pinch the soil up a- 
round the plant. This is likely to form 
a hard brick or “cake” around it, es¬ 
pecially on wet, heavy soil. We would 
not plant in sticky soil—in fact un- 
draiaed land is the worst possible for 
strawberries. 
Marshall Strawberries in Hills. 
L. E. IF., North Appleton, Me .—I wish to 
find out how the Hope Farm man gets 
along with his Marshall strawberries grown 
under his new method. I want to have 
one-half acre next year nlanted that way. 
•1 want to know how to make a clay loam 
deficient in humus as rich as possible, and 
still not have the berries too soft to ship 
well. 
Ans. —We never before had such 
plants as we have grown this year. 
Many of them are two feet or more 
high, ar.d a spread of top that will cover 
a half bushel basket. They are hurt 
somewhat by a late frost, but are still 
well covered with berries. The contin¬ 
ued wet weather has cut the crop down. 
The berries cannot ripen evenly with¬ 
out sunshine, and they go soft. The 
method is all right, for our hill fruit 
stands the deluge better than the thick 
matted rows. Too much nitrogen will 
make the berries soft. We feel satisfied 
that on one part of our field we used 
too much stable manure, and then did 
not use enough potash and phosphoric 
acid. It is probable that a heavy crop 
of rye or Japanese millet plowed under 
and well worked down would be more 
satisfactory than a heavy coat of stable 
manure provided you fertilized them 
right. To put it another way, it seems 
as if the strawberry is like the peach 
crop, best when you can have control 
of the feeding and know just what you 
feed. Plant a peach orchard on rather 
light soil and feed it well with soluble 
chemical fertilizer and you know just 
what you give it. Strawberries need a 
soil stuffed with humus, because such 
soils hold moisture well. But it will not 
do to give strawberries too much nitro¬ 
gen. That makes them run to vine and 
give soft berries. By giving them an 
open porous soil reasonably compact and 
then feeding well with a fertilizer rich 
in potash and phosphoric acid we get 
smaller vines perhaps, but better fruit. 
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$3,000,000 Spent 
To Make a $1,000 Car 
Over §3,000,000 has been invested to make Overland cars cost less 
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Automatic Machinery 
We have spent some hundreds of thousands of dollars 
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(J92) 
The Willys-Overland Co. 
Toledo, Ohio 
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Other Economies 
One whole factory—every machine and every man in 
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compete with the Overland. 
TRc- 
