789 
the RURAb NEW-YORKER 
1910. 
FIGURING COST OF CROPS. 
I have read quite a number of times in 
your paper notes in which you urge your 
readers to keep an account against each 
crop. I think the idea an excellent one 
and have wanted to do it for a number 
of years, but for a number of reasons 
I have not done so. I live in a section 
where most of the help is hired by the 
month, and when the help is not either 
planting or gathering the crops they are 
working about the farm. We begin in 
early Spring and mend our fences, and 
haul out manure, etc. To what crop 
shall I charge their time? After har¬ 
vest we thrash out wheat in the field, 
leaving the rick in the field. As we 
want to bed our animals or place in the 
pound we do so, taking from one-half to soda that will help the crop is the nitro- 
a whole dav in doing it. To what crop gen which it contains. A dressing of 
shall we charge the labor of the men 100 pounds per acre after mowing on 
and horses? Where we haul lime to grass in a moist season will often pay. 
spread on the field to what crop shall I We would not use it on clover, for if 
charge the labor, or shall I divide the that is healthy and strong it can obtain 
run they rarely give more than one 
spray of fruit. If the old plants are 
dug at once after fruiting, the tops cut 
off to the crown, and then planted in 
good soil they usually give us about 
two-thirds of the first year’s crop. We 
would take our chances with strong old 
plants in a season like this one. 
Nitrate of Soda on Clover. 
C. E. IF., Clay, N. Y .—I have read and 
heard so much of late of nitrate of soda 
for grass crops that I would like to know 
whether you think it the best. Will it 
benefit common Red clover for a second 
crop? I do not like the idea of pasturing 
a meadow as some people do, and would 
like to get a second crop if possible. What 
would you advise me to use? 
Ans. —The only thing in the nitrate of 
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exnense over a number of years? It is 
the same way with cleaning hedge-rows, 
and along the row. If this with the 
other odd labor is charged to the gen¬ 
eral expense in the end it will be com¬ 
pelled to be charged to the different 
crops. How do you get rid of these 
extra accounts or do you expect the 20 
cents an hour to cover these expenses? 
This extra labor has to be done and 
good money paid out for it, and if you 
take no account of it we are running 
at a loss. w. H. s. 
chestertown, Md. 
R. N.-Y.—We have hardly developed 
to the point of a complete farm account 
yet, though that is what it will come 
to. Thus far we have simply tried to 
learn what certain crops cost to pro¬ 
duce. Probably most of those who are 
keeping these figures never tried it be¬ 
fore. Our hope is that the outcome will 
show them the importance and need of 
knowing what crops cost. We are not 
now prepared to say just how all the 
items should be accounted for. We 
charge all labor done in any field to that 
field and the crop growing on it. Such 
work as mending fence or mowing trash 
and weeds becomes a fixed charge—more 
or less each year. We should charge 
each year’s cost to the crop inside the 
fence, be it corn, potatoes or grass. We 
add the cost of hauling time or fer¬ 
tilizer to the price and freight paid for 
these goods. For example a ton of fer¬ 
tilizer may cost $30 and the freight may 
be $1.60. It therefore costs at our sta¬ 
tion $31.60. To haul it to the farm 
costs us about three hours’ labor of man 
and team, or $ 1 . 20 . So that we figure 
the fertilizer costs us $32.80 at the farm. 
When we haul it out and spread we 
charge the time to the crops which re¬ 
ceive it. We think the cost of lime 
might be fairly divided between the 
crops in the rotation. Some farmers 
lime every four years. In that case we 
should charge one-fourth of the cost 
each year. In the case of Alfalfa we 
its own nitrogen from the air. The 
clover needs potash, phosphoric acid and 
lime, neither of which the nitrate of 
soda can furnish. A better dressing for 
the young clover would be basic slag and 
sulphate of potash or a fertilizer contain¬ 
ing phosphoric acid and potash alone. 
The nitrate will be good for the grass. 
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Make $6 to $10 a Day- Baling Hay 
Potatoes After Cabbage. 
Would potatoes be a good crop to follow 
cabbage, or do they use the same fertiliz¬ 
ing elements? R. A. M. 
Massachusetts. 
Cabbage is an exhausting crop. It is a 
heavy feeder and grows late in the sea¬ 
son so that it uses up the nitrates natur¬ 
ally formed in the soil. This also means 
usually that the organic matter is used up. 
If following cabbage with potatoes we 
should spend extra time in fitting the soil 
amd use a good supply of a high grade 
potato fertilizer. 
Fake Tree Remedy. 
I have read or heard that a large tree 
showing decay can be reclaimed by a three- 
fourths inch hole bored to the heart of the 
tree, the hole filled with sulphur driven in 
solid, and the hole plugged. Will you kind¬ 
ly inform me as to the correctness of the 
above? w. c. d. 
Troy, N. Y. - 
It is not correct. This is one of the 
favorite claims made by one class of tree 
quacks. The scientists say that sulphur 
and similar materials do not work into 
the sap so as to.“pi’eserve” the tree or kill 
iasects. Do not bother with such remedies. 
Mice and Fruit Trees. 
Last Winter the moles or something bur- 
rawed around some of my peach trees and 
girdled them below surface of ground. 
Would that little mound of dirt you have 
used prevent the trouble? T. M. c. 
We do not believe this was done by 
Moles. They seldom or never touch vege¬ 
table food. Mice probably did the work, 
aad probably also there was a pile of trash 
®r mulch around the tree. Mice usually 
work under this, and do not often work 
on bare ground. A small mound of dirt or 
coal ashes at the base of the tree will keep 
them off. 
Destroying Cutworms. 
Will the Hope Farm man tell me what to 
do to destroy the brown cutworm that is 
should charge all the lime at once as cutting everything in sight but the weeds? 
I am a new beginner this year, after being 
away from the farm for over 20 years, and 
feel I have lots to learn. j. b. D. 
Westfield, N. J. 
In reply we give the following from C. C. 
Hulsart, of Monmouth Co., N. J. They 
were, iu that section, overrun with a plague 
of cutworms, and used Paris green and 
wheat bran; “As to how the bran and 
Paris green was used, it was simply mixed, 
1 1/ 2 pound green to 50 of bran, and ap¬ 
plied on top of the ground as a bait for 
cutworms, and it was, too. I killed thou¬ 
sands. We had a crop of the pests here 
this Spring never before equaled. I dug 
124 worms from around one asparagus 
crown by actual count.” 
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Full-Circle 
Press 
_ Our new book, “TONS TELL.” Is not only a complete catalog of Sandwich Hay 
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Capacity,2%to5tons perhour. Ifyouown 
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SANDWICH MFG. COMPANY 
276 Main Streat Sandwich, III. 
part of the cost of preparing for the 
crop. Hauling straw should, we think, 
be charged against the stock or charged 
to the grain, and the market price of 
straw credited to the grain to offset the 
charge. As for odd jobs, we try to 
keep a daily record of the work done by 
each man, and part of it has to go on a 
general farm account. 
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Dwight, Illinois 
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:tl< 
Transplanting Old Strawberries. 
E. 17. K., Mainland, Pa .—I have some 
Corsican and Brandywine strawberry 
plants set out last Spring (1909) in mat¬ 
ted rows. I would like to thin them out 
after fruiting so that they stand in hills. 
Can I use the plants that I thin out to 
set in new bed by the hill system? Will 
they bear as well as young plants set out 
that have not yet fruited? 
Ans. —It depends on how you handle 
them. This year the young plants start 
early on account of the wet season. If 
taken up early and set in hills with all 
runners kept off they will bear a fair crop 
next year. If set later and allowed to 
CORN HARVESTER 
That beats them all. One tao-se cuts two rows. Great 
labor saver. Garries to the shock No twine. Worked 
by 1, 2 or 3 men. We also manufacture Stump 
Pullers and Tile Ditchers. Write for catalog. 
H. K. BENNETT & CO., Westerville, Ohio 
__ Install a Scott lightning 
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"\ cost-freight prepaid, with simple in- 
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Pay Nothing Until Satisfied 
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J. A. SCOTT, President 
THE J. A. SCOTT COMPANY 
Dept. I, Detroit. Mich. 
lATIYIl F.rquharO. K. Elevator Potato Digger 
I 11 I |J adds 15c net profit per bushel. Pays 
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ROFIT 
or 
ays 
for itself first season. Saves work. 
Write NOW for catalogue. 
A. B. FARQUHAR CO.. Ltd., 
Box 601, York, Pa. 
More Perfect Bales. The patented rocker tucker of the Dain Pell Power 
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PULL 
POWER 
HAY 
Simple and Pratical. No bulky step-over pitman, no toggle joinl 
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802 VINE STREET 
OTTUMWA, IOWA 
