srei 
1910. 
Ruralisms 
SOME STRANGE FOODS OF OTHER RACES. 
Part II. 
of course; the bazar venders use it as 
awnings over their stalls in the bazars; 
and by winding up a piece as a grocer 
makes a pyramid paper bag, he can dis¬ 
pense with paper bags for the sale of 
small articles like little vendings of cof¬ 
fee, spices, sugar and nuts. He charges 
one maravedi—the fifth part of a cent—- 
for this edible “container,” which is, of 
course, consumed by the Oriental pur¬ 
chaser just as our own small folks never 
neglect to “finish off” the wafer con¬ 
tainers holding their ice cream. In this 
shape, as pyramid bags, the bread ves¬ 
sels are also used as temporary drinking 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
POOR FARMING TURNS LAND INTO 
A GRAVEYARD FOR YOUR 
Sun-cooked Bread Sheeting. —-Of the 
many varieties of bread made in different 
parts of the world, the bread sheeting of 
the Levant is the most unique. I can 
speak from experience, for I have eaten 
nearly all kinds, from the cassava and 
tortilla breads of Latin-America, to the 
still-made manna-bread of Russia, and _ _ _ 
the uncooked rye bread and peculiar palt- CU p S for the cooling pure fruity drinks 
brod—darkest of all breads—of the Bal- f or w hich the Bosphorus region is noted, 
tic region. The sun-cooked sheet bread They will not stand hot liquids, how- 
of the Bosphorus is made of the best ever, even when protected with a sun- 
grades of durum wheat flour, mixed with dried-in steeping of sweet almond oil. 
pulped sultana raisins. The raisins give ] n fact, bread sheeting, like soup—and 
it a sweetish taste and a slightly honeyed charity—covereth a multitude of defects, 
fragrance. It is largely used in some f n flavor it is not unlike the highest 
sections of Europe, being served at the grade macaroni, except that it is a little 
same time as the strong mocha coffee, sweeter, and—a sure sign that it is made 
When I was the guest of Tolstoi I no¬ 
ticed that he was very fond of this 
sweet bread, and it always appeared on 
the table at the morning meal in the big 
central hall at Iaqnia-Poliana. The ob¬ 
ject of mixing viscous substance like 
sultana raisin pulp with the flour is to 
of the pure durum wheat flour—it does 
not become pasty. The only objection 
to it is that rats, mice, flies and every 
other pest, are equally fond of it, so it 
must be protected as zealously as you 
would guard your choicest viands. In 
this country bread sheeting may usually 
keep the bread from drying, and it cer- be purchased in some of the native shops 
tainly performs this office, for the bread j n the Syrian, or Turkish, colonies. It 
keeps moist for months. If placed in 
almond-oil-coated paper-lined cases, it 
may be preserved for years, provided the 
cover is kept always on the box, to save 
the bread from the attacks of flies and 
other insects, and to protect it against 
the changes of the weather. This bread 
is made in various widths, averaging the 
40-inch yard, and runs in lengths of a 
couple of meters up. In the places 
where camel caravans stop, the sheets 
are sold by the 40-inch yard, the vender 
measuring it at extended arm’s length 
from his nose to the extremity of the 
index finger—an average meter’s length. 
If no elastic substance like raisin pulp 
had been added to the flour in the mix¬ 
ing, the bread on drying would be as 
brittle as a cracker, and incapable of 
transport in hides without falling to 
pieces. It is, thanks to the fruit syrup 
binder, of remarkable elasticity, and can 
be bent back and forth like calfskin 
thousands of times without cracking. In 
fact, it has been used for bookbinding, 
and, if kept dry, will last for years. 
The natives make almost as much use 
of it as the American Indian does of 
birch bark. The iamaga (camel drivers) 
utilize it in a variety of ways during 
their trans-Asiatic journeyings. 
A Multi-usable Staff of Life.— If 
an awning is wanted for protection from 
the sun during day halts, a roll of the ouiT 
bread sheeting is unwound and carried potatoes^are dug, or would it be better to 
is well worth a trial, even though you 
may have no ambition to test its virtues 
as a bed covering, tent awning or mos¬ 
quito bar. 
Brick Tea. —The farming communities 
of Siberia and Asia know of no other 
form of tea than the compressed brick 
tea. It is hydraulic pressed to an almost 
granite-like hardness, and not only serves 
for making the universal beverage, but 
is still used largely as a money of ac¬ 
count ; and the purchase of a cow or hog 
or horse, or even a house, is done 
through the medium of so many slabs of 
tea. This brick tea consists solely of 
tea. No cementing agent is used, which 
would prejudice the flavor. Adhesion of 
the mass is secured by the enormous 
pressure employed in compressing (as 
with our compressed cube sugar, which 
is made differently to the cut-loaf sugar). 
Tea in this form is always convenient 
and cleanly to handle. A three-pound 
slab snugly fits the coat pocket. Just try 
to stow three pounds of loose tea in your 
own coat pocket. This infusion is pre¬ 
pared the same as other tea. A piece 
the size of a walnut is knocked off and 
dropped into boiling water for a minute. 
This gives one pot of tea. L. lodian. 
Seeding a Lawn. 
In seeding a new lawn which has early 
potatoes planted in it, would you advise 
sowing the seed (lawn grass) as soon as 
over a pole back and forth a couple of 
times, much as the average camping- 
outer puts up his convenient dog tent. 
It will also resist a shower fairly well, 
if given a coat of almond oil or mutton 
tallow. When thus protected the team¬ 
sters will travel miles through the rain 
with a couple of yards of the bread sheet¬ 
ing thrown over their shoulders, yet 
keep dry; and the rather humorous spec¬ 
tacle is presented of the iamaga chewing 
up their waterproofs by tearing off sun¬ 
dry pieces here and there, as they feel 
hungry. For, while tearable—more so 
if damp—it will resist tearing as well as 
the stoutest packing paper. A thin sheet 
may be crushed up in the hand like a 
handkerchief without cracking, or even 
showing a crease. 
So, too, the ingenious Arab uses his 
bread sheeting—which looks like just so 
much chamois leather—for a makeshift 
bed blanket; and well it keeps out the 
cold and keeps in the bodily heat during 
the oft too cold nights of the central 
Asiatic kalifats. I know whereof I 
speak, having “been there” in a double 
sense, and appreciated vastly the con¬ 
servation of the precious bodily heat un¬ 
der an airtight coverlet made of pure 
bread! And, when feeling perhaps the 
pangs of hunger disturbing the nocturnal 
repose—a thing that occurs to all of us at 
some time or another, but more particu¬ 
larly to those engaged in fatiguing sur¬ 
vey work—I have often chewed up a 
piece of my bread “bedding,” calmed 
the craving for food, and again lapsed 
into peaceful slumber till the bright sun¬ 
shine was sending its rays through the 
translucent bread sheeting, with which I 
had covered myself. Some of the Rus¬ 
sian engineers on trans-Asiatic construc¬ 
tion railroad work make a paste by boil¬ 
ing some pieces of the bread, then stick 
together at the edges two strips of the 
bread sheeting, each a meter wide by 
two meters long. This then becomes 
their sleeping bag—and mighty comfort¬ 
able it is, too, in the cold tents of the 
trans-Baikal, where, even of an August 
morning, the bucket of water inside the 
tent is frequently frozen solid. 
Turkish peasants use the bread sheet¬ 
ing as window-panes—not universally, 
wait until Spring? A. D. T. 
Cogan House, Pa. 
We have had best success in seeding lawns 
in late August or September. That is the 
natural season for grass seeding. We should 
dig the potatoes, haul off the vines and fit 
the soil as well as possible for the grass 
seed. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee page 8. 
POTATO MACHINERY 
Our two-horse ele¬ 
vator digger guar¬ 
anteed to do 
perfect 
work 
in your 
field. 
If you are not thoroughly ac¬ 
quainted with the 
O. K. Champion Potato Digger 
let us send you some information that we 
know will interest you. We are also man¬ 
ufacturers of complete line of Weeders, 
Sprayers and Sorters and should like to 
send vou our catalog describing our O. K. 
line o‘f potato machinery and prices. 
CHAMPION POTATO MACHINERY CO., _ 
151 Chicago Ave., Hammond, Indiana. 
If Your Crops Fail, They are Gone, Never to Return 
Insure against crop failure by feeding the crop what it needs. Half the 
nitrogen of clover and manure is lost because it is not balanced. Wheat 
runs to straw because it is hungry for phosphate and 
POTASH 
Everybody sells phosphate. You or your dealer can buy Potash from us 
in carloads or tons. It will pay you to do it, for Potash PAYS. 
Write for our new pamphlet on Filler-Free Fall Fertilizer, telling you just how 
to supplement your old brand with Potash and how to make filler-free fertilizers at home. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, Continental Building, Baltimore. Md. 
FBI I.ANP Iff 
Soil that is used year after year loses its vital properties'and as a result, crops 
grow poorer or even worthless. Remedy this condition by using R-R LAND uimej. 
With an application of R-R LAND LIME the soil gives out new life and vitality, 
sour oil becomes sweet and sandy soil so changed that abundant crops and luxuriant 
vegetation are obtained. 
Apply some R-R LAND LIME this fall. Most dealers carry it in stock. 
ROCKLAND-ROCKPORT LIME CO., 
BOSTON, 24 Milk Street ROCKLAND, ME. NEW YORK, Fifth Ave. Building 
Write for our free illustrated booklet, “Liming the Land.” 
A Low Price Spreader At Last! 
Practical, always ready for use, 
durable ; distributes from 100 lbs. 
nitrate to 4,000 lbs. lime and com¬ 
post to acre. Its price will please, 
as its work will amaze. Write for 
descriptive matter and special in¬ 
troductory price. 
KING WEEDER CO., RICHMOND, VA. 
TAKE AGENCY AND GET 
FREE SAMPLE. 
Agricultural Lime 
Ground Limestone Our Specialty 
High-grade burned lime, ground 
fine, if you prefer. 
Write for circulars and samples. 
THE STEARNS LIME COMPANY, 
DANBURY, CONN. 
iROWN FENCE 
B l 
Strongest, most durable fence 
made. Heaviest, closest wires. Double 
_ galvanized. Practically indestructible. Stock 
I strong. Cbickentight. 15 to35c perrod. Sample free, w epay fit. - 
I The Brown Fence&Wire Co., Dept. 59. Cleveland, Ohio. | 
1910 DEYO POWER SPRAYERS 
MR. FRUIT GROWER, we have the two plunger 
spray pump you have been looking for connected to 
our 1L and 3 H. P. air-cooled engine. Eight years of 
success. If you do not know us, ask any of the thou¬ 
sand users. Satisfied customers are our reference. 
Outfits fully guaranteed. Write for catalogue 19. 
R. H. DEYO Sl CO, Binghamton.N.Y. 
CIDER 
MILLS 
CLARK’S 
FARMERS’ 
FAVORITE 
are simple, strong;, durable, 
and easy to clean; give perfect 
satisfaction. Produce greatest 
results with the least effort 
from same amount of fruit 
than any others. Send today for 
free Booklet with prices, etc. 
CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 
839 Main St., Higganum, Conn. 
The Use of Commercial 
Fertilizers. 
Commercial fertilizers are coming in¬ 
to more general use every day. That 
they are difficult to sow is well known 
to all users. The reason for this is that 
they vary as to consistency. Some of 
the fertilizers are bone dry, others lumpy 
and sticky. Then, too, commercial fer¬ 
tilizers are affected by atmospherical 
conditions, which make them hard to 
sow. The Superior Drill, made by The 
American Seeding-Machine Co., Incor¬ 
porated, Springfield, Ohio, will success¬ 
fully handle all known brands of com¬ 
mercial fertilizers no matter how diffi¬ 
cult to sow. The Superior is guaranteed 
to do the work and to do it right. There¬ 
fore the farmer runs no risk in purchas¬ 
ing a Superior. These Drills are made 
in a wide range of styles and sizes, and 
in addition to sowing all brands of com¬ 
mercial fertilizers, as well as granular 
lime, will sow every known grain and 
grass seed, from the tiniest grass to large 
bush lima beans without cracking the 
seed. The grain and fertilizer feeds are 
known to be positive force feeds. The 
mechanism is very simple and easily 
understood. The Superior is strong and 
will stand up under the most severe 
work. Write to the manufacturers for 
a copy of their Superior catalogue. Then 
go to your retail implement dealer, and 
insist on seeing che Superior Drill.—Adv. 
our new trade-mark For a BIG ROWEN CROP 
USE HUBBARD’S 
Bone Base Fertilizer for 
Oats and Top Dressing 
For BIG HAY CROPS 
Seed down with 
HUBBARD’S BONE BASE 
Grass and Grain Fertilizer 
Solely Manufactured by 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO., middletown, conn. 
Send for Free Almanac telling all about the Hubbard “Bone Base” Fertilizers 
^HT1L1Z6^ 
