H12 
August 20, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
DAIRYING ON SHARES. 
R., Lynch bur//, Va .—I rented a farm last 
year on shares, and in the meantime I have 
gone into the dairy business. The owner 
of farm furnishes tows, dairy supplies and 
Ode-half feed. What do you think would 
be a fair division of tin; proceeds? 
Ans. —I presume the same principle 
of equity obtain in every place. The 
custom here is, when a farm is worked 
on shares, where the tenant has half, he 
usually furnishes all the labor, team and 
tools, and one-half the seed, owns one- 
half the cows—when a dairy is kept—• 
and pays for one-half the feed which 
may be purchased. When he only re¬ 
ceives one-third of the proceeds, the 
owner furnishes tools, teams, two-thirds 
the seed, often all the stock, and some¬ 
times all the purchased feed, other times 
two-thirds of the feed. The tenant fur¬ 
nishes the labor. The above is the gen¬ 
erally accepted plan in localities with 
which I am familiar, and from personal 
experience 1 regard it as an equitable 
one. Of course there are often modi¬ 
fications, when the tenant gets more, or 
does not provide so much; for instance, 
on a very poor farm, or where the milk 
is retailed or made into butter, or it has 
to be hauled an exceptionally long way 
to market. In your case, where the 
owner furnishes the cows and half the 
feed, 1 should say if you furnish labor 
and teams, as well as other farm uten¬ 
sils than those of the dairy, and manu¬ 
facture or retail the milk, you should 
have half the gross receipts from the 
dairy. If you simply deliver the milk in 
bulk to a nearby point, and the owner 
furnishes tools and teams, about two- 
fifths would be a just share for you. 
EDWARD VAN AESTYNE. 
COST OF RAISING A HEIFER. 
Ou page 704 were given figures showing 
the cost of raising a heifer to her first 
calf. These figures represented an experi¬ 
ment at the Connecticut experiment Sta¬ 
tion. The two years cost was given as *00. 
AVe have asked dairymen in various parts 
of the country to compare these figures 
with their own estimates. # 
An Estimate from Mississippi. 
To raise a good heifer I would buy n 
nurse cow that will cost me on the open 
market $20. This is a common cow, and 
we can buy her for that price here. 1 
would let the calf nurse this cow six 
months, and the pasturage of this cow 
would be $3 ; interest ou purchase price 
.so cents. I can resell this cow for $20. 
t'p to this time I have $3.80 in the heiler. 
On account of the short Winters I can 
winter her on one ton of silage, $2 ; one ton 
of cotton-seed hulls. $4 ; 150 pounds ol 
cotton-seed meal. $1.50. Total cost to one 
year old, $11.30. To this add seven months 
pasturage at 50 cents per month, making 
$3.50 ; one ton of silage, $2 ; one and one- 
half ton of cotton seed hulls, $<>; cotton¬ 
seed meal, $3. limn rent, taxes and in¬ 
surance for two years would he $2. 
ITEMIZED. 
First year: 
Pasturage for cow and in¬ 
terest on money for six 
months . $3.80 
One ton silage. 2.00 
One ton cotton-seed hulls... 4.DO 
150 ihs. cotton-seed meal... 1.50 
$11.30 11.30 
Second year: 
Pasturage for seven months. $3.50 
One ton silage. 2.01) 
1 */. ton cotton-seed hulls... 6.00 
300 ihs. cotton-seed meal... 3.00 
$14.50 14.50 
$25.80 
On account of the open Winters 1 think 
that the value of the manure would coun¬ 
terbalance the labor, taxes, insurance, etc. 
In making these figures I have used the 
maximum instead of the minimum esti¬ 
mates, and I would like to have it as a. 
business at the figures named. 
Oktibbeha Co., Miss. i>. a. kaunders. 
Raising a Heifer in Maine. 
In looking over the statement of the 
cost of raising a heifer to two years, as 
given by the Connecticut Agricultural Col¬ 
lege, the first: thought that comes to me is 
that if the figures and conclusions are cor¬ 
rect, they absolutely preclude anyone, ex¬ 
cept those who are handling fancy-bred ani¬ 
mals and selling them for breeding pur¬ 
poses, from raising heifers, and strike a 
heavy blow at the dairy interests .of the 
country at a time when every farmer and 
dairyman should receive every encourage¬ 
ment possible along that line. If the figures 
given are even approximately correct, as 
they relate to the dairy cattle of the coun¬ 
try, It is no wonder that our farm animals 
are decreasing and that their products are 
continually soaring in the markets. Think 
of the losses that have been sustained dur¬ 
ing all the years that are past when heifers 
have been selling at from $35 to $45! 
Everyone should agree with Prof. True¬ 
man in his idea of liberal feeding (if the 
young thing. The crying evil to-day among 
TH EC KURAh NEW-YORKER 
our cattle breeders is the lack of apprecia¬ 
tion of the value of rapid growth during 
the first: two years, and the necessity for 
early maturity: but when the cost of bring¬ 
ing these desirable tilings about is shown 
to l>e far above the market value of the 
animal .it is readily apparent that there is 
some trouble, somewhere. The practice of 
allowing the calf to take its milk from the 
mother for the first four days is sound, but 
the quantity of milk allowed during the 
period of feeding three times a day is far 
too small. Nine pounds, or 4.05 quarts, 
daily will hardly suffice to keep a large, 
vigorous calf in best condition. Then, the 
sudden change from that small quantity 
to 10 quarts, or 22.22 pounds, even if a 
part or whole is skim-milk, is not wise, in 
my judgment. All changes in feed should 
he made very gradually. The advice to 
keep the calf stabled the first Summer is 
good ; there can be no more pitiable sight 
in the dairy than to see these young things 
fighting Hies in the heat of a Summer sun, 
either as they roam the pasture, too often 
with a scant growth of food, or tied to the 
provisional stages in the yard. 
In practice we have never found It neces¬ 
sary to feed milk hut twice a day, changing 
gradually on to the skim-milk. The milk 
diet is kept up as long as possible; for 
best results I would feed it until the calf 
goes to pasture In its second year. The 
grain is always foil dry, as Prof. Trueman 
suggests, hut whole oats are used to teach 
the calf to eat. The whole oats are finally 
followed by a mixture of ground oats, bran 
and cornmeal, equal parts by measure. I 
doubt the necessity or wisdom of using the 
higher priced oil meal. The skim-milk, a 
by-product, is placed at 20 cents per hun¬ 
dred pounds, which is a liberal estimate, 
and it can he used to no better purpose 
than in the growing of well-bred heifers. 
With plenty of the milk and an abund¬ 
ance of silage, roots and palatable rough- 
ages, tlie latter of which should be fed far 
more liberally than is the general rule. I 
have never found the first year’s feed cost 
to exceed $18. While grain is fed con¬ 
stantly and liberally, the abundance of 
oilier and cheaper feeds fills the hill so fully 
that large quantities of it are not eaten. 
The second year, allowing $5 for the Sum¬ 
mer's run at pasture and still keeping up 
(he liberal feeding of roughage, with silage 
estimated at $3 per ton, and the rowen and 
much of the other roughage at $5, with an 
occasional feed of skim-milk, if we have it', 
we have never found the cost above $20. 
This brings the feed cost up to $38. The 
cost of labor, etc., as placed by Prof. True¬ 
man, is not far out of the way, hut if the 
calf is closely stabled and well provided 
with bedding 'the first year and is allowed 
to run at pasture the second year on land 
that is tilled and is to he put into crops 
the next year, as lias long been our practice, 
I would set the value of the manure, con¬ 
servatively. at $10. Fringing my figures 
together it is found the heifer has cost $44. 
To make the matter safe, I will add 10 per 
cent for unfavorable seasonal conditions 
which cannot he overcome, and then we 
have 848.40. If we have raised a good 
heifer, and the cost represented above will 
do it, if she is a good one when we start 
with her, we have made good use of our 
time and money. 1 wish more dairymen 
could he induced to raise heifers. Tim pres¬ 
ent methods In Maine can result only in 
race suicide ns far as the dairy is con¬ 
cerned. B. WAI.KER'MCKEEN. 
Maine. 
OVER 1.200,000 IN USE 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR 00 
165 BROAOWAY. 43 E, MADISON ST. 
NEW YORK CHICAGO 
This Cooler 
Requires No Attention 
whatever after tlie 
llow of milk and 
water is once 
started. The 
“Bestov” 
Milk 
Cooler 
cools and aerates 
milk quickly, abso¬ 
lutely removing all 
undesirable odors. 
It is well made and 
durable, and very 
reasonable in price. 
Write for our cata¬ 
logue II describing 
a full line of sup¬ 
plies for the^Iairy. 
Dairymens Supply Co.. Philadelphia and Iansdowni. Pa. 
r cow 
ISTANCHIONSI 
AND 
l STALLS, 
Quick to Open 
Quick to Close 
Quick to Please 
Quick Shipments 
BOWEN ik QUICK, Mfffrs. 
AUBURN, N. Y. 
FOR YOUR 
Scnf APPR0VAL 
OLOSED/ CLEAR HARD-WOOD 
sltfsISTANOllONS 
/ LOW I 
5IL0 
C—sen 
LOCKED/; 
LOW IN PRICE 
FILLERS 
DISTRIBUTORS 
* DELIVERERS 
KALAMAZOO!^ CO. 
MICHIGAN 
Can You Make Butter 
For 10 Cents a Pound? 
U NICORN cows have done it, 
and milk for l\£ cents per quart, 
with all breeds. Official Records to 
prove every claim we make. 
We can increase the net profit of 
an average herd $1.00 per day. 
UNICORN 
Dairy Ration 
stands at the head of all feeds. Get 
some from your dealer. 
Send for full information to 
CHAPIN & CO., Inc., 
Seneca and Main Sts., Buffalo, N. Y. 
Sterling Stock Feed Gregson’s Calf Meal 
Daisy Dairy Feed Sterling Scratcli Feed 
Boss (Horse) Feed Sterling Chick Feed 
At your Dealer’s, if not write us 
GREAT WESTERN CEREAL CO., CHICAGO, U. S. A. 
Makers of Quality Feeds 
The .Tames Lino of Sanitary Steel and Wood 
SI alls. Seven different sty los of Stanchions. 
Complete line of Seed and Litter Carriers. 
Endorsed by the leading dairymen, includ¬ 
ing State and United States Dairy Inspectors. 
Write for big book, showing interiors of 
modern dairy barns, to 
KENT MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
130 Cane Street, Fort Atkinson, Wis. 
REG. HOLSTEIN HEIFERS 
Grand opportunity to purchase a young liord 
of choice youngsters, one year to twenty 
months old, at reasonable prices. 
Choicely bred Young Bulls, $30.00 and up. 
Write today or come, and see us. 
RIVENBURGH BROS., R. 0. No. I. Munnsville. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Ontario Cornucopia Lad 
Born March lit, 1!>1(). Sire, America Do Kol 
Burke; dam, Cornucopia Beauty, butter 18.fi!), 
(Iireo years. Attractive prices on thisclioico 
youngster. Correspondence solicited. 
CLO VERDALK EA KM, Charlotte, N. Y. 
C. S. LUNT, Owner. J. J. EDEN, Manager. 
EXCELSIOR SWING STANCHION 
Warranted the Best. 
30 Days Trial. 
Unlike all others. Stationary when 
Open. Noiseless. 
THE WASSON STANCHION CO. 
JJox (JO, Cubit, New York. 
The BLOOM I NO DALE HERD OF 
IIOI.STEIN-ERI ESI ANS 
are bred for large production. Good sizo, Strong 
Constitution, Best Individuality. 
If those are tlio kind you want write or come to 
see thorn. 125 to select f rom. A n finals of both sexes 
and all ages to offer at prices that will please you. 
A special offer on some nicely bred Bum, Gai.VKS. 
A. A. CORTELYOU. Somerville, N. J. 
MALT SPROUTS. 
Did you over use any? If not, you arc behind 
the procession. They make the richest milk for 
dairy purposes. Now that your pastures tire use¬ 
less it Is the best and cheapest food you can buy. 
Mix It with our “Bull-brand” Dried Brewers’ 
Drains in equal quantities and add such fodder 
as you may have if you do not want to feed it 
straight, und you will produce more and richer 
mllk than your neighbors. Write us for particulars. 
FARMERS’ FEED COMPANY 
76th Gtrcct and East River, New York City 
ERCHERON 
STALLIONS and MARES 
Imported and home-bred. The best lot ever 
shown in this country. Quality, price, guarantee right. 
For SO years an importer and breeder of prize winners. 
K I. W O OI) S . AKIN 
170 South Street, Auburn, N. Y. 
R I O JIJlsHY CATTI.K. Chester White. Poland 
China and Berkshire l’ig.s. I.lneoln. Shropshire and 
Hampshire Down Sheep. Scotch Collie Dogs and a 
variety of Poultry. Send Jt-eent stamp for circular. Como 
see my Stock and m ake your own selections. Address 
KDVVA It I) WA LT KR.WestChosterJ hostorCo., I’a. 
I C D Q C V O—Gombinntion and Golden Lad; 
U L II vL I O for sale, 2 cows. 10 heifers, 
5 bulls. S. K. NIVIN, I.andenherg, Fa. 
Vrm PonH Affnerl A Grade, when I can sell 
I UU belli I n 111)1 II yon a reg. Jersey bull, best 
dairy stock, ready for service at farmer's price. 
It. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
I ARGE BERKSHIRES AT HIGHWOOD-l.. 
each of Him Ihh t throe voIiiiiiph of AinerlCHii Berkshire ICcoomI 
wo *ohl and roKlNtorod more IterkhhlrcH than any other brooder 
In the United Staten. The Ihi'ro proportion went to old cuntoin- 
ei*8. ThlHHpeaka for Itm*If, He ll.lt, HurpomliiiK, l>uii<ln«, N.V. 
Kalorama Farm Berkstiires. 
Service Boars all sold. 
Bred Sows all sold. 
Mules at Private Sale ■ mules on hand, consisting 
of 4-moiiths-<>ld mule edits, yearling mules, 2-ycar-olu 
mules and broke nudes of all sizes and ages, (''armors 
can do better growing young mules than anything else 
they can feed. Como to see my stock und bo convinced 
that I have what 1 say. They are for salt! at my stables 
in York, Pa. JOE. KIN 1)10, York, Pa. 
r nr Coin Registered Rambouillot Sheep. C. W. 
lUI udiC HABL1DAY, North Chatham, N. Y. 
Rams for Sale Ke * ,8tered Shropshire 
year-olds. 
yearlings and two- 
E. B. STEVENS & SON, Wilson, N. Y. 
Fall Pitfs all sold. 
Am now taking orders for Spring Pigs, April and 
May delivery. 
CALVIN J. HUSON, Ponn Yan, N.Y. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires, C. Whites. 
Fine, largo strains; all ages, mated 
- not akin. Bred sows service Boars, 
Jersey and Holstein Calves. Collie 
_ _ Pups, Beagles and Poultry .Write for 
prices & circulars. Hamilton & Go., Middletown, Pa 
SHROPSHIRE RAM LAMBS 
Good onos priced low for September delivery. 
Write II. J. VAN DYKE, Gettysburg, Pknn. 
QIIRnDQIIIRPQ~ UlU Mxuiing owes; 40 
Onnur oninco yearling rams. Price and 
breeding right. FRED VAN VLKET, LODI, N.Y. 
H igh band stock farm Shrop¬ 
shire's. I offer for sale choice Registered 
Yearling Rams. Also Ram Lambs, Ewes and 
Ewe Lambs. W. P. RI.ACK, Hall, N. Y. 
NIAGARA STOCK FARM 
ft Do roTl! Shropshire or Southdown 
the money i We aro offering some very choice ones 
J. C. DUNCAN, Mar., Lewiston, New York 
SPRINGBANK BERKSHIRES. g-j 
in Connecticut. Sows bred for April litters all sold, 
llave l sows bred to furrow in July; late, to ser¬ 
vice of Watson's Masterpiece. Will hook orders 
for March and April pigs now. Send for new 
Booklet. J. E. WATSON, Pronrielor, Marbletlalc, Conn. 
Large Improved English Yorkshires 
A. A. BRADLEY -:- Frewsburg, N. Y. 
nilRflPQ THE DIG, DEEP KKI.I.mVS 
UUnlfUO that grow and mature quickly, 
i’igs and Gilts for sale at all times. 
SHENANGO RIVER FARMS. Transfer. Pa. 
PfM I 1C Dll DQ From imported stock. Females 
uLLLIL rU id cheap. Nelson Bros., Grove City, Pa- 
