see 
THE HTJRAt NEW-YOR KER 
September 24, 
FARMERS CLUB 
[Every Query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore ashing a Question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
6 few Questions at one time. Put Questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
INSECT ON SPRUCE TREES. 
A. L., Vineland, Jf. J .—I have about 400 
spruce trees that make a very fine orna¬ 
ment for the place, and I have noticed 
about five of them are dying. On the out¬ 
side bark there are lots of holes about the 
size of a pin head, and a few the size of a 
small pea. On pulling the bark off, there 
are lots of little insects; they are white, 
and resemble an ant. What Is this insect, 
and how can I prevent its ravages': 
Ans. —The insect referred to is prob¬ 
ably the “spruce destroyer-beetle,” a 
small brownish or black beetle about 
three-sixteenths of an inch long. It is, 
without doubt the worst enemy of stand¬ 
ing spruce trees. For years it has rav¬ 
aged the spruce forests of Vermont, New 
Hampshire, New York , in the Adiron- 
dacks, and those of other States, causing 
very heavy losses to owners of timber 
land. As a rule small trees are not often 
attacked, for the beetle is rarely found in 
trees less than 10 inches in diametci, and 
moreover it shows a decided preference 
for standing trees, although it will prob¬ 
ably breed to some extent in logs and 
stumps. Again, as a rule this pest at¬ 
tacks trees that occur in Ciumps, thus 
showing a social habit. The beetles 
make entrance holes through the bark 
and then build galleries in the inner bark, 
often grooving the surface of the wood. 
Along the sides of this gallery the eggs 
are placed in small notches or cavities. 
When living trees are first attacked 
masses of pitch exude through the en¬ 
trance holes made by the insects. The 
beetle, however, opens up a hole through 
the mass of gum, thus forming what is 
known as a pitch tube. The trees may 
become dotted with these pitch tubes, but 
after, it has become greatly weakened the 
pitch ceases to flow and further entrance 
holes have not pitch tubes. Infested 
trees, then, show the entrance holes and 
pitch tubes and the galleries grooved out 
in the inner bark. Moreover, the leaves 
soon turn pale and fall, and if the bark be 
removed the small white grubs will be 
found in abundance. The beetle has 
several natural enemies, among which 
are the woodpeckers. Two or three spe¬ 
cies of these birds do valiant work in 
hunting the small white grubs and de¬ 
vouring them. The only method of 
fighting these pests is to cut down the 
infested trees and either convert them 
into lumber, destroying the limbs and 
refuse, or destroying the whole thing at 
once. By this method, the different 
stages of the insect present under the 
bark will all be killed and thus prevent 
them from maturing to adult beetles. It 
will probably not be possible to save the 
trees alread infested, but the owner will 
be able to save many of his trees, for as 
they become thinned by the destruction 
of the infested ones the beetle will 
eventually tend to cease from its work of 
destruction. glenn w. herrjck. 
VERMONT SEEN BY A CASUAL VISITOR. 
Entering the State from New York over 
the Rutland Railroad the way winds north¬ 
ward among rocky foothills. There is not 
much level farm land, though the villages 
seem to he generally neat and tidy; the 
characteristic Vermont village house seems 
to be a story-and-a-half structure, with 
ell running away from its back, painted 
white with green blinds. Here and there 
a marble shed shows an indication of the 
great product of the State, and up on the 
mountainside is the battered excavation, 
suggesting Western prospect holes. As you 
near Rutland the valley broadens out and 
becomes a level series of meadow's several 
miles wide. Rutland is a clean little city 
of a dozen thousand, and on its outskirts 
and suburbs are shed after shed, in which 
the finishing of the marble is being car¬ 
ried on. Rough marble and the strippings 
of the quarries are so plentiful that house 
foundations are made from it, to say noth¬ 
ing of riprap dumped along the railroad. 
Leaving Rutland a few miles northward 
brings us to the Champlain Valley proper, 
which is a broad, level to rolling plain, 
ten to fifteen miles across, with the line 
of the Green Mountains on the right and 
the lake and back of them the Adiron- 
dacks on the left. The Otter Creek winding 
through the plain is a sluggish stream for 
much of its length, about the size of the 
Mohawk above Schenectady. For a con¬ 
siderable part of the way the train passes 
a succession of meadows, level and easily 
tilled, but devoted chiefly to wild hay. At 
the time I was there, August 5, haying was 
still in progress, and the quality seemed of 
little account, though quantity did not 
make up for it. There is abundant chance 
for missionary work in tile draining. 
In former years Addison County was 
celebrated for Merino sheep, and farmers 
made money by selling breeding stock. In 
later years the level meadows lent them¬ 
selves to hay as a crop, and this has not 
been a good thing in tne long run for the 
region. At present some milk is shipped 
either to Boston or New York. The Bos¬ 
ton contractors have been at odds with 
the milk producers, and some have changed 
to the New York firms. Near Burlington, 
along the lake, are some very fine or¬ 
chards. I visited one of 100 acres from 
which the owner sold $16,000 last year, and 
this year the chance for a fair crop was 
very good. The soil was slightly gravelly 
upon a limestone subsoil, and about 200 
feet above the sea level. One hardly realizes 
that Lake Champlain is but ninety-five feet 
elevation. The farms along the lake are 
quite level, and self-binders were in use 
on almost every farm. 1 ran across some 
peach trees which bon,: a good crop, and 
the owner was selling them to the cot¬ 
tagers along the lake. The view of the 
Adirondacks is magnificent from the Ver¬ 
mont shore, and many of the leading peaks 
are clearly visible. Returning to Rutland 
and crossing the mountains to the east 
side of the State the land is very rough 
and broken, but its scenic beauties make up 
for the lack of level grades. It is in this 
section where complaints of damage by 
deer are so frequent. There is no doubt 
that good apples are and can be grown on 
these hills, but there is no insurance 
against the enforced pruning by deer. 
J. DEMART. 
THE GREAT NEW ENGLAND FAIR. 
September 7 I took a trip to the New 
England Fair at Worcester. The show 
as a whole was not up to what I expected; 
still it was worth going to see. I men¬ 
tioned to a Worcester manufacturer of 
farming implements who was there with 
his exhibit that the show was not up 
to what I expected. He said that it was 
mostly city people who were there that 
day and that it was got up more for them 
than the farmers, and as a farmers’ fair 
was not what it might be. The cattle 
exhibit was fair. The Jersey class was 
the best Of the lot, the Holsteins coming 
next and Dutch Belted third. The Ayr¬ 
shire class was good in numbers, but I 
thought poor in quality. The Devons 
were fairly well represented. The Guernseys 
were few and second-class. There was a 
very small exhibit of draft horses, a fair 
lot of very good steers and oxen. About 
half a dozen good sheep were the whole 
show in their line. The swine were fairly 
well represented with nearly all the dif¬ 
ferent breeds, including a pair of mule- 
foots. The largest weighed 700, and from 
that down to two pounds, or day-old in¬ 
fants. The dairy cattle were mostly 
blanketed, so you could not see their good 
points, or bad ones either. It seems to me 
it would have been better if they had 
been sprayed with some of the various fly 
preparations on the market, and the blan¬ 
kets left off so that they could be seen, 
as that is what they should be there for. 
Another thing 1 did not like was that 
many pens had no cards at all tacked up to 
tell what the contents were or anything 
about them, especially among the dairy 
cattle. 
The poultry show was good in numbers 
but mighty poor as a whole in quality, ex¬ 
cept the pigeons, which were very good, 
both in numbers and quality. There was 
plenty of worthless stock. I heard one 
man say he would rather raise crows than 
some of the stock he saw there, and 1 
thought lie was level-headed at that. Of 
course, there were a few cages of good 
birds, but these were only a small per¬ 
centage of the lot. 
The fruit exhibit was small, but very 
good, some extra good, especially the 
peaches, which, though few in number were 
the finest and largest I ever saw. All 
the potatoes were extra good also. The 
other vegetables were only fair, some not 
even that. There were many fakers and 
side-shows, but these did not seem to do 
much business, as far as I could see. An 
airship which made several flights each 
day attracted much attention and seemed 
to be under good control all the time, and 
showed up very well, indeed. The racing 
was very good, including running, trotting 
and hurdle races. In the evening foot 
races, a variety show and fireworks at¬ 
tracted a large crowd from the city. The 
situation of the grounds and transporta¬ 
tion to them is all right for a first-class 
show, and this should be second to none 
in New England if properly managed. 
Hopkinton, Mass. A. E. p. 
Cherry Trees 
Direct From the Grower at 
Wholesale Prices 
insville grown 
are the best, 
true to name, 
every tree as 
represented. 
No scale, no 
riBk, Person¬ 
al attention 
given every 
order. 
OCTOBER and 
Are the Months to Plant 
Apple. Pear, Plum and Cherry Trees 
Send a list of your wants to us, the largest tree 
growers In America for special wholesale prices. 
Everybody write for free Illustrated catalogue. 
MALONEY BROS. & WELLS. Box 22, Dansville, N. Y. 
N. WERTHEIMER & SONS, L,G0NIER ’ IHD - 
We offer best quality of White Winter Rye 
at $1.25 per bushel, freight prepaid, hags free, 
to all our customers for the next four weeks. 
Samples sent on application. 
N. WERTHEIMER & SONS, E,G 0 NIER J”; 
PARRA fir CELERY, BRUSSELS SPROUTS AND 
uHDDMIlu, CELERIAC, best variety fine plants 
$1 per 1,000; 10,000 for $7.50. J. C- SCHMIDT, BRISTOL,PA. 
Apple and Peach Trees - Fi-ee Catalogue 
SALESMEN WANTED 
Mitchell's Nursery. Beverly, Ohio 
Peach and Apple Trees 
For fall or spring planting. Prices right; stock 
right. MYER & SON. Bridgeville, Del. 
OTRAWBERRY PLANTS — All the lending And money making 
0 varieties : ready to ship now. D. RODWAY, Hartly.De], 
Qfrau/horru Plsntc the ® est varieties. 
OilunMCIIV I 1(111 lo Descriptive catalogue 
free. BASIL PERRY, D. 18, Cool Spring, Del. 
ONE QUART OF STRAWBERRIES ?°l e a a ^ 
KEVITT’S SYSTEM. Send for my Mid-Summer 
Catalogue. T. C. KEVITT, Athenia, N. J. 
STEVENS’ LATE CHAMPION ST PLANTS RY 
Strong layers—well rooted—500 $2.50; 1000 $4 00. 
ISAAC C. ROGERS, Dansville, New York. 
OTARI F UAMIIRP for sale on cars. McGirr Sons. 
OlADLt IVIANUm: 534 West 29th St.. New York City 
You need never carry another pail of water or 
even go out of the house on stormy days. Put running 
water in your home—in the kitchen—bathroom—toilet 
—and have an adequate supply in the bam for water¬ 
ing stock—washing carriages, harness—for the lawn, 
garden—or for protection against fire—besides. A 
pos: 
water tank that freeze* in Winter—or dries out in Summer. 
Tho compressed air in a Loa dor Steel tank does all the work. 
In your collar or buried in the ground it cannot freeze, and 
it solves the water problem forever. A complete system costs 
$ 48.00 upwards and you can install it yourself, if you like. 
Let us show you how a Loader Water System in your 
home will save you money—in doctor’s bills, and add to your 
own comfort and satisfaction at the same time. 
Simply alpn and mall tho coupon and the 
graphically illustrated book “The Question of Water,” with 
full particulars will be mailed to you. 
-r , . , i -r-: - - - - dt 
Leader Iron Works 
4601 Jasper St., Decatur, 111. 
15 William Street 
Hew York City 
Sign and mail 
this Coupon 
Today 
/ 
S Leader Iron Works. 4601 Jasper St., Decatur,Ill. ; 
■ Send mo free jour book and catalogue of Loader Water " 
J System,. 
• Name ...................................................... 5 
• R. F. D. or Bocc . 
| Town. 
. State. 
Established 1802 
DYNAMITE 
FOR THE FARM 
Save Money 
by Using it tor 
Blowing out and splitting 
up stumps—one process. 
Blowing out and breaking 
up boulders-one process. 
Breaking up hard pan. 
Making holes to plant 
trees. 
Loosening up the lower 
soils in orchards. 
Digging wells. 
Digging holes for poles 
and posts. 
Digging ditches. 
Draining swamps. 
RED CROSS DYNAMITE 
IS THE IDEAL EXPLO¬ 
SIVE ON THE FARM 
The Largest Assortment in America 
Send for our Special Collection 
No. I—108 Choice Bulbs 
for House Culture 
Price $2.75 
or our Assortment No. 4, Con¬ 
taining 143 Bulbs for 
Outdoor Culture 
Price $2.75 
Delivered free in any part of the U. S. 
CAT ALOG UE NOW READY 
Sec inside cover page for particulars 
of above and other assortments. 
Mailed free for the asking 
J. M. THORBURN & CO. 
33 Barclay Street Dept. R New York 
PEACH TREES 
FALL 1910 SPRING 1911 
We are prepared to quote prices ntul enter 
orders now for just what you want of our 
own grown trees. Don’t be disappointed 
again the coming season but order now. 
JOS. H. BLACK. SON A CO., HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
Ask your dealer for it 
Write for Illustrated Catalogue 
E. I. du Pont do Nemours Powder Co. 
Wilmington, Del., U. S. A. 
“ONE FOR ALL,” No, 1 
Wool Grease, Arsenate of Lead, Lime and 
Sulphur. Both a Contact and Poison 
Spray. An Insecticide and Fungicide. 
Positively the Only Thing Needed for all Pests or Fungus 
A tonic for vegetation. Sick trees made -well; 
old trees rejuvenated to youthful vigor; better 
foliage; larger and more abundant fruit. Neither 
sucking or chewing insects nor fungus will attack 
wood that has “One For All” upon it. After one 
fall spraying no dormant spraying will be needed. 
Spraying confined to the growing season. Scale 
exterminated. Positive evidence from practical 
growers furnished upon application. 
Prices, F. O. B. New York 
Barrels, 425 lbs.....’.05e. per lb 
l A Bbls., 200 lbs.05 l A " 
100 lbs..06 
50 lbs.06J£ “ 
25 lbs .08 
MANHATTAN OIL COMPANY 
Established 1852 
Front Street New Yorfe' 
■MBanBaaaHMBnB 
FRUIT TREES AND PLANTS 
We have a large supply of all the leading varieties 
of Apple, Pear, Cherry, Plum and Peach to offer at 
WHOLESALE PRICES 
Montmorency Cherry trees $10.00 per 100—10,000 
Cherry Currant hushes at $4.00 per lOO. Wholesale 
price-list just out, yet a copy. 
L’AMOREAUX NURSERIES, Schoharie, New York. 
I Want to prove toYou^sSS® ' 
that it Pays to Grow fruit'**” 
You Has tern farmers can make more growing fruit than from any other crop. It 
is a practical business you should push—in it is your great opportunity. I’ll tell you w/iy. 
Kight soil, fertility, water, sunshine, good trees, know-how, labor and markets —these 
eight vital things are necessary—and these only, plus the man who knows how to use them. 
You have the eight essentials. From my orchard experience, I know that the land and 
climate in the Middle Atlantic and New Iingland states are ninety to a hundred per cent as good 
for fruit as in any section of the world. About the only difference between you and the Colorado man ^ 
whose 12-acre farm is worth $25,000, is that he started and has returns, -whileyou are going to begin now. 
Hven your unproductive hills will raise the finest grade of fruit. You have every condition needed to ^ 
make just as much money as your successful Oregon neighbor, and your land and labor are cheaper. Yes. 
a^crop of fruit worth $500 to C4.000 an acre is the rule in such places as Hood River, Ore., Wenatchee, Wash.,^ 
and Grand Valley, Col.; but these are not due to conditions of soil or climate. Applied know- _ 
how makes them—people merely found out what could lie done, and did it. ^ 
The secret of these phenomenal successes ill getting profit from 
fruit is simple and short: plant gilt-edge trees 1 
and then care for them witli^ 
modern methods!^ 
In all my^ 
travels to study fruit¬ 
growing, I find that up-to-date methods^ 
Insure robust trees and big crops of “fancy” and “choice” 
ru!t selling for " extra" prices every year . Plant all the fruit you 
can, whether you are confined to a dty back yard or have a thousand acres. 
I’ll Send You Free “How to Grow Fruit 
This is a lx>ok we publish, giving the l>est methods and ways taught us by 20 years’ experience with 
over 100,000 bearing trees and 2,000 acres of nursery, It goes into details, and shows that the a 
profits mentioned here are practicable on your farm. It tells you how to raise fruit, from selec¬ 
ting a location to packing for market. The way you can, without charge, get Harrison’s Service 
to help you help yourself, is also given. It sells for 25c. I will send 
it free, though, if you send me the coupon attached. I want to help 
you to learn, to your everlasting benefit, that it will pay you big 
-to grow fruit. Hence, I’ll give you this book. Write me today. 
ORLANDO HARRISON, Private Desk l» J. G. Harrison & Sons 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, BERLIN, MARYLAND 
" How to Plant About the Country Home” is a most 
complete and valuable little book, telling you how to 
properly place and care for fruit trees,evergreens,etc., 
as ornamentals, for the greatest beauty, comfort and 
profit. It’s also a 25c. book, but a copy will be sent 
you if you return above coupon within days. A _ 
99 
COUPON 1. 
Good for one 
copy of "How to 
Gr 0 7v Fr u it," 
and one copy of 
“How to Plant 
About the Coun - 
try Home,"price 
25 cents each — 
if mailed to Or¬ 
lando Harrison , 
within 30 days . 
.M 
