1910. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
031 
THE C\USE OF SOUR SILAGE. 
I do not think there is any doubt 
but what extremely ’ acid silage is due 
to immature corn. The corn as used 
for silage in Ohio is very largely the 
large southern corn. In the northern 
part of the State this does not mature, 
and when placed in the silo the grain is 
in the milk. The stalks are very large 
and contain a large amount of mois¬ 
ture. The silage which results from 
such corn is very much more acid than 
that which is made in Wisconsin from 
the ordinary varieties of field corn, 
which is quite mature when ensiled. The 
amount of acid produced in the silage 
depends upon the vitality of the tissues 
ensiled, and undoubtedly upon the com¬ 
position ; the greater the amount of 
sugar present in the tissues, the greater 
will be the amount of acid produced. 
So far as I know, the addition of water 
to such corn as is used in this State 
for silage will not increase the acidity. 
If the corn is too dry, either because it 
has been allowed to wilt or because it 
has been frosted, the silage may spoil 
because the changes which produce the 
acid and the carbon dioxide that pre¬ 
vent the growth of putrefactive bacteria 
and molds do not go on to a sufficient 
extent. The moistening of the silage 
as it passes into the silo may enable the 
process to go on sufficiently and the 
silage may be of good quality. If a 
person wishes to obtain what is known 
as “sweet silage,” I am very certain that 
he must use corn that is quite mature. 
A great many people still persist in say¬ 
ing that the changes taking place in the 
silo are due to the growth of bacteria. 
There is absolutely no ground for such 
a belief; the changes are due to the 
living cells of the material ensiled. If 
these cells are dead, the silage will rot 
because of the action of the putrefactive 
bacteria, but when the acid is developed 
through the respiration of the living cell 
the bacteria cannot develop, and the 
silage will keep for an indefinite length 
of time if the air is excluded. 
E. G. HASTINGS. 
Wisconsin Experiment Station. 
Feeds for Poultry and Pigs. 
1 . I would like to have a good formula 
for a mash feed for forcing young cock¬ 
erels. and also one for laying hens. 2. I 
would like advice as to feeding two Spring 
pigs six weeks old without milk. What 
and how much should they be fed for best 
results? G. G. L. 
Pennsylvania. 
1 . The proper feed for young cockerels 
depends largely upon what they are be¬ 
ing prepared for. If you desire to force 
them for market it would be advisable to 
give them as much freedom as possible 
until about two or three weeks before 
you wish to sell them. During this time 
they should be fed liberally with two 
parts cracked corn and one part whole 
wheat. They should also have a mash 
once a day composed of six parts corn- 
meal, two parts wheat middlings, two 
parts ground oats with the hulls sifted 
out, half part of oil meal, and three 
parts beef scrap by weight and mixed 
quite stiff with milk or water. During 
the' last two or three weeks the birds 
should be confined to small quarters and 
the whole grain discontinued, feeding the 
mash two or three times a day, all the 
birds will eat up clean in about 10 min¬ 
utes. Do not feed mash or wet food of 
any kind to chickens less than three weeks 
of age. The mash for laying hens 
should be composed of a variety of 
ground grains mixed with beef scrap. I 
would suggest the following mixture: 
Two parts wheat bran, one part corn- 
meal, one part wheat middlings, one part 
gluten feed, one part ground oats, half 
part linseed meal and two parts beef 
scrap. 
2 . Young pigs six weeks old may be 
raised nicely without milk on a mixture 
of equal parts wheat middlings and 
ground oats made into a thin slop with 
cold water in warm weather and warm 
water in cold weather. As the pigs grow 
older the grain ration is gradually 
changed to cornmeal and ground barley, 
to make it more fattening. A good 
clover or Alfalfa pasture will help the 
pigs’ growth very materially during the 
season. Young pigs should be fed at least 
three times a day to start with. No rule 
can be laid down as to the amount to 
feed, as that must be left to the discre¬ 
tion of the person doing the feeding. 
c. s. G. 
Preparing Permanent Pasture. 
L. S. P., Baltimore, Md .—I have six 
acres gently sloping southward, long uncul¬ 
tivated, part fairly goed, warm, sandy soil, 
but greater part worn out,, with scattering 
sassafras and young pine bushes, some 
gullies and wet spots, but no stones, south¬ 
ern Maryland, near Washington, D. C. I 
wish to learn how best to prepare the land 
this Pall for a cow pasture next Summer. 
Stable manure is so expensive as to be out 
of the question. What should I plant this 
Pall to bring up fertility, and what will be 
best to plant for pasturage? What com¬ 
mercial fertilizers would be best, and in 
what quantity? 
Ans.—C lean up the land and plow it 
well and deeply and prepare a good seed 
bed, and drill in October a bushel and a 
half of rye per acre, having harrowed 
in in the preparation of the soil 400 
pounds an acre of a good high-grade 
commercial fertilizer. Then, after drill¬ 
ing the rye, sow 10 pounds of Orchard 
grass seed and 10 pounds of Canada Blue 
grass seed (Poa compressa) an acre. 
Brush the seed in lightly with a smooth¬ 
ing harrow. You can pasture the rye in 
late Winter and early Spring, but do not 
graze the young grass too closely. If 
vou get a good stand of grass keep it 
good by an annual top-dressing of raw 
bone meal. Keep down all weed and 
bush growth, and scatter the droppings 
and you will after a time get a good sod 
established if you feed it annually. We 
have known a fine sod established in 
this way, and improved year after year. 
Ration for Family Cow. 
What is the most economical grain feed 
for a Guernsey family cow weighing about 
850 pounds and giving about eight quarts 
of milk per day, in addition to green fod¬ 
der, corn In the Summer when the pas¬ 
ture has dried up, and oat and pea hay 
and cornstalk fodder in the Winter? Please 
give the answer in quarts per morning, 
noon and night. I have corn and corn- 
meal. All else I must buy. What should 
It be, and how much of each per meal to 
keep the cow in flesh and milk, assuming 
that she gets plenty of green cornstalks 
in Summer and the above fodder in Win¬ 
ter? c. m. w. 
New York. 
I would suggest that you thoroughly 
mix 100 pounds of cornmeal, 200 pounds 
of cotton-seed meal, and 400 pounds of 
Ajax flakes, and feed your cow about 
three quarts of the mixture twice a day. 
Do rot feed any grain at noon. Of 
course this amount of feed may have to 
be increased or diminished according to 
the condition of your cow and her abil¬ 
ity to digest her food and produce milk. 
C. S. G. 
Get a Steel Shingle Reof 
That’s FIREPROOF! 
At manufacturer*’ 
wholesale factory- 
to-farm cost the 
world’s BEST roof 
Is yours! Cuts fire 
Insurance cost 10 
to 20 per cent! A 
110,000 Guarantee 
Bond against light¬ 
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Edwards “REO” Steel Shingles 
will beautify your buildings amazingly! 
Makes them the neighborhood pride 
and causes an instant leap in farmjs cash 
value! At manufacturers’prices “Reo” 
Steel Shingles cost one-half the price of 
best wood shingles!—and outwear four 
wood roofs and six composition roofs! 
They outlast the buildings themselves! 
Easiest to lay — a hammer and a few 
nails, a few minutes’ light work, and the 
world’s best roof crowns your buildings! 
Get Standard Roofing Book 
Write today. Also ask for catalog No. 
1963—the world standard roofing book. 
The Edwards Manufacturing Co. 
( The World’s largest Manufacturers^ 
of Steel Shingles and Metal Hoofing/ 
1023-1063 Lock St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
Interior Dairy Barn of Anaconda Copper Mining Co., Bozeman, Montana. 
LETTER FROM H. C. GARDINER, MANAGER. 
Bozeman, Mont., Aug. 5,1909 
Kent Mfg. Co., Fort Atkinson, Wis. 
Gf.xti.emen. —Your letter of January 7, ’09 forwarded to me here. We arc greatly pleased 
with the James Sanitary Stalls, Stanchions, Feed and Litter Carriers you have furnished the 
Willow Glen Stock Farm of the Anaconda Copper Mining Company. 
I believe them to be the most perfect devices of the kind I have yet seen and in addition i o 
their utility, consider them very economical from the standpoint of efficiency and cost. 
Yours very truly, H. C. Gardiner. 
The cost of this equipment is only a temporary consideration, for the saving in labor and increase in 
production on account of comfort and conditions will pay for the equipment complete in a single year. 
Write for catalog and full particulars to KENT MEG. CO., 130 Cane St., Ft. Atkinson, Wis. 
Loud enwajz 
^1 
len 1 
!on- ' 
One man with a Louden Lifter Carrier 
on Louden overhead steel track system can 
clean the barns in half the time that two men 
would take without it. That's Louden econ¬ 
omy. On every up-to-date farm— your farm 
—the Louden Litter Carrier and steel track 
system will earn its cost many times a year. 
Track enn bo bracketed to barn wall—out ono door 
—in ut other, and in this way no switch is needed. 
Mauuro loaded diroet on wagon or spreader—its 
full fertilizing value thus suvod. 
Louden Lifter Carriers 
are rnado of heavy galvanized stool—wear for yoars; 
have improved worm gear— 1 pound on chain lift* 40 
pounds In boxj box stands at any elevation — raised 
or lowered any distance up to 25 feat; have many 
spoclal advantages not found in other makes. 
Send today for valuable troo book on mauuro uses, 
and catalog of hay and litter carriers, sanitary steel 
stalls, cow stanchions, etc., for modern barns. 
Louden Machinery Co., 
601 Broadway, Fairfield, Iowa 
We will have full exhibit of our goods at the National Dairy Show, to 
be held in the Coliseum, Chicago, Ill., October 20th to 29th. Come 
and see us. Bring along a plan of your building and let us figure with 
you there, where you can make comparisons of all goods on exhibit. 
YE! 
THERE IS TIME 
SILO 
TO GET A 
GREEN MOUNTAIN 
FOR THIS YEAR’S CORN CROP 
CREAMERY PACKAGE MEG. CO. 
:j:J8 West Street, Hut land, Vt. 
T1IK WAKU 
fard Ornamental Fence 
Cheaper and far more durable than 
| wood for Lawns, Churches, Ceme¬ 
teries, Public Grounds. Catalogue 
free. A«k For Special Offer. 
r’ENCK CO, Uox443,Decatur Ind. 
FENCE 
. a rod 
25c 
Best high carbon coiled steel 
wire. Easy to stretch over 
hills and hollows. FREE 
Catalog—fences, tools. Buy 
from factory at wholesale 
pri ces. Wri te today to Box 07, 
MASOS FENCE CO., LEESBURG, O. 
LET ME START YOU IN BUSINESS ! 
I will furnish the advertising matter and the plans. 1 
want one sincere, earnest man in every town and town¬ 
ship. Farmers, Mechanics, Builders, Small Business man 
Anyone anxious to improve his condition. Address 
COMMERCIAL DEMOCRACY, Oepi. D-35, Elyria. Ohio. 
Standard Among Drilling Machines 
Tho oldest established manufacturers, the largest 
line of drilling machines aud tools, and 41 years 
of successful operation in nearly every country 
~ in tho world, make 
American Drilling Machines 
Standard the world over. * 
For every possible condition of earth 
and rock drilling and mineral pros- 
peeting we make a drill espe¬ 
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quirement. 
Catalog No, 105, the most 
complete “drill hole” catalog 
ever issued. Free. 
The American Well Works 
General Office and Works, 
Aurora, Ill. 
Chicago Office; First Na¬ 
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AGENTS 
WANTED 
SPRING 
TOOTH 
HARROW 
ON 
WHEELS 
Lightest draft Harrow made. Adapted to any soli. Saves one horse 
power. Used either as walking or riding harrow. Seat adjusted with¬ 
out bolts. Teeth controlled by lever. Easily cleared ot rubbish. Made 
of best materials. Awarded Gold Medals at St- Louis World’s Fair. 
Write for free catalogue describing this harrow and save money. 
THE HENCH S 0R0MG0LD CO.. Mfrs.. 201 Haruet St.. York. Pr. 
rt°**S r 
1 
AMERICAN SAW MILLS 
Make most money because they do best work in 
quickest time with least power and smallest crews, 
owing to their simple construction and improved, 
• patented devices. Portable and stationary. All sizes. 
1 Variable Friction Feed, Combined Katchct Setworkn 
1 and quick Kecedcr and other superior features. Free 
Catalog and Prices will interest you. Lists our com¬ 
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American Saw Mill Machinery Co. 
129 Hope St., Ilacketthtown, N. J. 
16S2 Terminal Buildings, New York 
AIR COOLED ENGINE 
Some "NEW WAY” Features.' 
1. Cools perfectly by air only. 
2. No water used—no water jacket. 
3. Only one oiler to oil. 
4. No packing—no pump. 
5. No ignitor—no noodle valve. 
6 . All working parts enclosed. 
7. Five piston rings—ground cyl¬ 
inder. 
8 . Light weight—no vibration. 
Tk itmwsr^ 
AIR COOLED ENGINE 
carefully designed and built 
for all kinds of farm work. 
YOU CAN SAVE ON 
Gasoline. 
Engino oil. 
Repairs. 
Time and trouble with a 
“NEW WAY” AIR COOLED. 
Ask for Catalog No. 5. 
Ik fN&fiWSV HtotCMnMr 
' Laksom, Hkjusam, us.a. 
1IO M1KK1DAN jkeet 
