1910 . 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1009 
Ruralisms 
FACTS ABOUT GRAFTING ROSES. 
E. R. F., Tunbridge, Vt. —Would you in¬ 
form me on the subject of grafting rose 
bushes? Can this be done by one who has 
never done any grafting? We have the 
double and single wild rose in plenty, and 
I wish to graft them with scions from the 
cultivated garden rose which I think I can 
get from a neighbor. When should the wild 
rose be taken up? Could it be transplanted 
to a field and after grafting transplanted to 
the garden? If so, how long after grafting? 
When should grafting be done? What stock 
should receive the scion, where should it be 
cut off, and how should old canes be cut 
off? IIow old should scion be when cut, 
where cut, how long? Please give a for- 
mula for grafting wax, and any other in¬ 
formation you may consider a beginner 
needs. 
Ans. —Rose grafting is rather more 
difficult for the beginner than similar 
operations on smooth wooded trees, as 
the apple, cherry and plum, but fair 
success should follow careful efforts. 
Character and condition of stocks and 
scions are in the highest degree import¬ 
ant if good results ar expected. Native 
wild roses, with the possible exception 
of Rosa setigera, the Prairie climbing 
rose, are of little value as stocks, as all 
others have short-lived canes or sucker 
excessively. There are no wild rose 
species bearing double flowers, so it is 
likely the stocks inquirer has in view 
are naturalized European garden roses. 
If not given to excessive suckering, they 
may afford fair stocks, but experience 
has shown that the European dog brier, 
Rosa canina, or Manetti, a strong grow¬ 
ing variety of the China vase, give best 
results. As the latter is much used for 
stocks for imported hardy garden roses, 
it is possible that inquirer’s double 
“wild rose” is of this variety, as Man¬ 
etti stocks often outgrow and outlive 
the scions or buds placed on it, and 
produce on their own shoots semi-double 
pink blooms of very tolerable charac¬ 
ter. Manetti stocks may be had from 
any nursery, and are best procured in 
Spring and grown in nursery rows, 15 
to 20 inches apart, for a season before 
grafting. If the semi-wild stocks are 
used they would better be dug in Fall, 
securing plenty of good roots, and heeled 
in a frame or other secure place, where 
they may readily be got at in early 
Spring, when they may be bench-grafted, 
like apple stocks, laid aside for three 
weeks to callus in damp moss or old 
sawdust, and then planted out, prefera¬ 
bly in a frame or mild hotbed, where the 
protection of glass at night may insure 
a rapid start. If glass protection is not 
available, the stocks may be planted in 
pots, boxes or even in the garden, and 
the grafting deferred until growth begins 
in Spring. The scions should be cut be¬ 
fore hard freezing, in early Winter, 
choosing firm, thick wood, preferably of 
two years’ growth, not smaller than a 
lead pencil. Free it of the most ob¬ 
trusive prickles by clipping the points, 
not by scaling them from the bark, which 
may cause serious injury; tie in bundles, 
bury in soil in a shaded, well drained 
situation or keep in moist sand, saw¬ 
dust or moss in the icehouse until 
needed. 
When ready for grafting the stocks 
should be topped two or three inches 
above the collar, all suckers or “eyes’’ 
cut out of stem on main roots, and a 
slanting cut made with a thin, sharp 
knife, just above collar, removing the 
top with a single stroke if possible. A 
scion not over four inches long, bearing 
at least two good buds, is selected, of 
such diameter if procurable, as exactly 
to match the stock, and faced with a 
clean cut made at same angle as the 
prepared stock. Stock and scion are 
then matched together, having the cam- J 
bium or inner bark exactly meeting on 
one side at least, and firmly wrapped 
with strips of waxed cloth, string or 
raffia. The latter ties should be cov¬ 
ered with one of the waxes, formulas 
of which are given below, and the free i 
end of the scion should also be waxed 
to lessen evaporation. If the work is 
skillfully done, best unions are secured ! 
with the plain, slanting cut, but if stocks 
are considerably larger than the scions, 
ordinary splice unions in which tongues 
are cut, both on scion and stock, or even 
the cleft and wedge methods generally 
used in orchard grafting, may be util- | 
ized. The main thing is to get as close j 
a fit of cambium surfaces over as large 
an area as possible in every instance. 
The waxed finished grafts should be 
handled as little as need be to avoid 
displacement and firmly planted at the 
proper time, placing the union somewhat 
below the soil surface. If the stocks are 
already established in pots or boxes 
better success should be expected. When 
growth has well started, the bands 
should be cut to avoid strangulation, 
but extreme care should be used in han¬ 
dling for many weeks afterwards, as the 
scions are easily broken away. All 
suckers or buds starting below the union 
must be destroyed at once, or the scion 
will make poor progress. Plants in the 
open may be moved the following Au¬ 
tumn, or at any time after midsummer, 
if in pots or boxes. 
The commercial grafting of forcing 
roses is carried on in “sweat boxes” or 
glass enclosures inside greenhouses. The 
union is made by the single slanting cut, 
splicing rarely being resorted to, but 
stocks and scions are matched with 
great care, ordinary twine or raffia, with¬ 
out wax, being used as tying material. 
A temperature of about 70 degrees, with 
much humidity, is maintained in these 
“sweat boxes,” securing quick union and 
rapid growth without wilting, but the 
hardening off period of these highly 
stimulated plants, when transferred to 
ordinary temperatures, is a critical one. 
Manetti stocks with scarcely an excep¬ 
tion are used in this highly artificial 
method of propagation. 
Grafting roses is seldom resorted to 
when the varieties can readily be propa¬ 
gated by buds or cuttings, but is a con¬ 
venient means of increasing Rosa rugosa 
and R. lutea hybrids, as well as certain 
other old garden roses that neither bud 
well nor root from cuttings. Grafted 
and budded roses should always be 
deeply planted to lessen the likelihood 
of suckers from the stock, and to en¬ 
courage the formation of roots from 
the scion. “Own root” roses grown 
from cuttings are with few exceptions 
preferable to those propagated by other 
means. 
Waxes. —The best waxes used by the 
writer are as follows: No. 1. Three 
pounds rosin, half pound beeswax, half 
pint raw linseed oil; melt together and 
apply hot with a brush, covering all 
points at cut places one-eighth inch 
thick. No. 2. Rosin one pound, beef 
tallow one ounce; melt, remove from 
fire and carefully add eight ounces de¬ 
natured alcohol. Keep in a tightly closed 
bottle. Apply with brush when slightly 
warm. This liquid wax makes an ex¬ 
cellent varnish to cover joints and en¬ 
tire scion after No. 1 wax has been 
used. It greatly retards drying out of 
exposed scions, and conduces to success 
with difficult subjects. It need not be 
used when grafts are packed away in 
moist material to callus. w. v. F. 
WISE WORDS. 
A Physician on Food. 
A physician, of Portland, Oregon, has 
views about food. Fie says: 
"I have always believed that the duty 
of the physician does not cease with 
treating the sick, but that we owe it to 
humanity to teach them how to protect 
their health, especially by hygienic and 
dietetic laws. 
“With such a feeling as to my duty I 
take great pleasure in saying to the public 
that in my own experience and also from 
personal observation I have found no food 
to equal Grape-Nuts, and that I find there 
is almost no limit to the great benefit this 
food will bring when used in all cases of 
sickness and convalescence. 
“It is my experience that no physical 
condition forbids the use of Grape-Nuts. 
To persons in health there is nothing so 
nourishing and acceptable to the stom¬ 
ach, especially at breakfast, to start the 
machinery of the human system on the 
day’s work. 
“In cases of indigestion I know that a 
complete breakfast can be made of 
Grape-Nuts and cream and I think it is 
not advisable to overload the stomach 
at the morning meal. I also know the 
great value of Grape-Nuts when the 
stomach is too weak to digest other food. 
“This is written after an experience 
of more than 20 years, treating all man¬ 
ner of chronic and acute diseases, and 
the letter is written voluntarily on my 
part without any request for it.” 
Read the little book. “The Road to 
Wellville,” in pkgs. “There’s a Reason.” 
Ever read the above letter ? A new 
one appears from time to time. They 
are genuine, true, and full of human 
interest. 
TO KIEL 
San Jose Scale 
USE 
Bergenport Brand Sulphur 
The best sulphur for Lime Sulphur Solution. 
Combines easily and Quickly with lime. Write to 
BERGKNPOKT SULPHUR WORKS 
T. & S. C. White Co., 100 William St.. N. Y. 
2 J A, 3% and 5 H. P. 
BECAUSE 
it is V3 lighter. Has no tank. 
Has no fan. Speed easily 
adjusts to secure any spray¬ 
ing effect and when through 
spraying is ready for your 
other work. 
It is guaranteed proof 
“ONE FOR ALL,” No, 1 
Wool Grease, Arsenate of I.ead, Lime and 
Sulphur. Both a Contact and Poison 
Spray. An Insecticide and Fungicide. 
Positively the Only Thing Needed for all Pests or Fungus 
A tonic for vegetation. Sick trees made well; 
old trees rejuvenated to youthful vigor; better 
foliage; larger and more abundant fruit. Neither 
sucking or chewing insects nor fungus will attack 
wood that has "One For All” upon it. After one 
fall spraying no dormant spraying will be needed. 
Spraying confined to the growing season. Scale 
exterminated. Positive evidence from practical 
growers furnished upon application. 
Prices, F. O. B. New York 
Barrels, 425 lbs.05c. per lb 
V 2 Bbls., 200 lbs. . Q5 l A " 
100 lbs.06 
50 lbs.06K “ 
25 lbs.08 
MANHATTAN OIL COMPANY 
Established 1852 
Front Street New Yorfe 
Vreeland’s “Electro” 
CONCENTRATED 
Lime-Sulphur Solution 
CONTROLS 
San Jose Scale, Oyster Shell Bark Louse, etc. 
GUARANTEED TEST 
Not less than 32° Baume with maximum 
percent of Poly-Sulphides of Calcium. 
PLACE ORDERS AT ONCE FOR 
FALL SPRAYING 
50 gallon barrels 30 gallon barrels 
10 and 5 gallon cans 
WRITE FOR PRICES 
<Ihe VREELAND CHEMICAL CO. 
Hudson Terminal Building’s 
NEW YORK 
Jarvis Spraying Compound 
IS THE CHEAPEST AND BEST. IT HAS NO SUPERIOR. 
SURE CURE FOR SAN JOSE SCALE. 
Buy direct from the manufacturer and save money. 
Spraying Compound ready to mix with water. One gal. of 
Spraying Compound will make sixteen gals, of Spray. 
Terms: In barrel lots (SO gal long) SOe. per gallon 
We would refer you to J. II. Hale, the Peach King, or 
Prof. Jarvis of the Connecticut Agricultural College. 
They will tell you there is nothing hotter. 
THE J. T. ROBERTSON CO., Box R, Manchester, Conn. 
Farmers’ Handy Wagon 
at a Low Price 
Absolutely the best wagon built for every kind 
of heavy lenming. Low steel wheels, wide tires. 
Will last a lifetime without repairs. 
EMPIRE MFG. CO., Box 
WHEELS 
for farm wagons 
—any Hize to tit 
any axle. Send 
for our free 
booklet before 
you buy a wagon 
or a set of wheols. 
96H Quincy, III. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee page 10. 
ALPHA 
PORTLAND CEMENT 
is absolutely the best that can be made 
for all farm work. Largely used by 
U. S. Government and in State, Munici¬ 
pal and Railroad work—a reputation of 
20 years behind it. Ask your dealer for 
ALPHA 
Send for Booklet and learn why it is the best. 
ALPHA PORTLAND CEMENT C0. f 
ADDRESS 1 
2 Center Square, EASTON, PA. 
<SRAD£ 
M.I.F.CO. 
ZINC COATED 
Zinc Coated Brand 
N Al LS 
Will last a life-time 
Read this Evidence of Durability: 
In 1880, Mr. M. P. Harding, of Branford, Conn., shin¬ 
gled his store with pine shingles, nailing them with Zinc 
Coated Iron Cut Nails. In July 1909, just 29 years later, 
he reshingled. The nails were as free from rust as on the 
day they were driven, although the house stands within 
three-quarters of a mile of the seashore. The cut shows 
some of the nails. 
We make the same nails today we made then. 
WHY PUT 10-YEAR NAILS IN 30-YEAR SHINGLES? 
Write to us for Samples and Prices. 
MALLEABLE IRON FITTINGS CO., Branford, Conn. 
ELECTRIC 
Steel Wheels 
Fit all running gears. Get a new 
wagon just by buying wheels. Un¬ 
breakable, almost everlasting. All 
heights and tire widths. Also new 
Electric Handy Wagons. Write for 
book on “How to mako old wagons 
new'.” Free. 
Electric Wheel Co.. Box 48 Quincy. III. 
MAKE WATER PUMP ITSELF 
Have "running water when and where you 
want it. ” No expense lor power; no trouble { 
no repairs. Pumped from stream, pond or 
spring. Entire satisfaction assured with every 
FOSTER RAM 
Install it yourself at low 
cost. No attention or ex- 
_pease to maintain. Book 
of helpful suggestions Froo. 
POWER SPECIALTY CO. 
HI Broadway, New York , 
Running Water 
in kitchen, stable, everywhere 
on the farm without pumping 
expense and at low first cost with an automatic 
RIFE RAM 
Cheapest and most efficient 
water supply for country 
place, irrigation, farms, etc. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. 
Booklet, plans, estimates free. 
Rife Engine Co. 242STrinityBldg.,N.Y. 
WIT I I drilling 
VI Lt Lt It MACHINES 
Over 70 sizes and styles, for drilling either deep or 
shallow wells in any kind of soil or rock. Mounted on 
wheels or on sills, with engines or horse powers. Strong, 
simple and durable. Any mechanic can operate theta 
easily. Send for catalog. 
WILLIAMS BROS., Ithaca, N. Y. 
TRADE MARK REGISTERED IN U. S. PATENT OFFICE. 
. . . SOLELY MANUFACTURED BY . . . 
Tte Rogers £* Hubbard Co., 
Middletown, Conn., 
Send for Free Almanac telling all about 
the Hubbard “Hone Rase” Fertilizers. 
