1084 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 19. 
CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS FOR MILK. 
The Midland Agricultural College of 
England has been experimenting with 
fertilizers on pasture land. They selected 
a field of grass which was seeded seven 
years ago. A fair crop has been cut 
every year. Weeds had come in, and the 
good grasses were pretty well driven out. 
There was a good deal of quack left with 
a sprinkling of White clover and -some 
fescue. On the whole it would be ranked 
as a poor pasture, and most farmers 
would have plowed it up and planted it 
to corn or potatoes. Two plots, each 
four acres in size, were measured off, 
and fenced in. One was left alone, ex¬ 
cept that a dressing of limestone was 
put over it, no further fertilizing being 
done. On the other four acres lime 
was also used at the same time, and 
about a week later 500 pounds acid phos¬ 
phate and about 150 pounds of sulphate 
of potash was scattered over the field. 
Both of the plots were then harrowed 
so as to scratch the surface over lightly. 
Two cows were turned into each field, 
and in order to make the trial perfectly 
fair these cows were changed every two 
weeks from one plot to the other. The 
milk was carefully weighed. This pas¬ 
turing was kept up to the middle of Oc¬ 
tober. About the middle of June it was 
found that the grass where the fertilizer 
was used had improved so much that a 
third cow was put into the field. In this 
experiment it was evident that any dif¬ 
ference in the yield of milk would be 
due to the increase of grass from the 
application of these fertilizers, as nothing 
else could be responsible for it. On the 
field where the phosphate and potash 
were used the cows produced 9,020j4 
pounds of milk. On the plot where 
nothing but lime was used there were 
produced 3,489^4 pounds. Trial was con¬ 
tinued on the same lines this past year, 
and has just ended. The figures have 
not yet been given, but they show that 
the results this year are even more strik¬ 
ing than they were in the year before, 
and that is that the application of phos¬ 
phoric acid and potash to this poor pas¬ 
ture land has paid a large profit. The 
scientific men tell us that a ton of whole 
milk will take from the soil 10 pounds 
of nitrogen, four pounds of phosphoric 
acid, and three pounds of potash. It 
.will be seen that no nitrogen was used in 
fertilizing this soil. Where did the grass 
obtain the nitrogen necessary to pro¬ 
duce the increased yield? Pasture and 
meadow lands which have been in grass 
for a number of years are rich in nitro¬ 
gen. This element accumulates in the 
roots and stubble, but as a rule such 
lands are sour, and the nitrogen in the 
sod is usually in such a condition that 
it is not available for plant growth. Some 
of these old sods contain almost as much 
actual nitrogen in the upper few inches, 
ton for ton, as stable manure, and yet 
grass grows poorly for the reason that 
the sod is sour and the nitrogen unfit 
for use. The application of lime gave 
the result which might have been ex¬ 
pected. The lime acted upon this or¬ 
ganic matter in the sod, broke it up and 
set nitrogen free. Thus the lime set the 
grass at work to feed upon itself so far 
as the nitrogen was concerned. But grass 
needs not only nitrogen but phosphoric 
acid and potash, as was shown by the 
result of this experiment. The applica¬ 
tion of acid phosphate and the potash 
with the nitrogen set free in the sod 
gave a complete fertilizer for that grass. 
It is probable that an experiment of this 
kind attempted in this country, especially 
with an upland pasture, would not give 
as good results. The English climate is 
moist as compared with ours, and as a 
rule the soil contains more water, so 
that the application of fertilizer would 
lie more likely to give quicker results 
than upon our drier soils. It is quite 
likely, therefore, that on American pas¬ 
tures the use of some form of soluble 
nitrogen would be necessary with the 
other chemicals. This, however, is a 
good experiment for some of our sta¬ 
tions to try, and in every case of' old sod 
the lime will be found necessary; 
Horses and Clover Hay. 
I have hoard that clover hay is not good 
to feed horses. Is this a fact? 
North Carolina. t. t. w. 
Well cured clover hay is excellent food 
for horses and good mixed clover and Tim¬ 
othy hay is better than clear Timothy hay 
as a food for the brood mares and growing 
colts; indeed, it would always be some¬ 
what preferable in point of nutritiousness. 
The trouble, is that clover is difficult to cure 
and so is often either brittle and terribly 
dusty or moldy, which is even worse. Dusty 
hay is apt to cause heaves. Moldy hay 
proves highly injurious to the digestive and 
urinary organs or may cause fatal forage 
poisoning. The average sample of clover 
hay is too bulky and full of woody fibre 
to prove perfectly suitable as food for horses 
which should have the most nutritious food 
possible in as little bulk as possible, so far 
as fodder is concerned. a. s. a. 
Loss of Cud. 
We bought a cow which appears to have 
lost her cud. Will you give probable cause, 
also remedy? F. h. 
New Jersey. 
This is not a disease, but merely the 
symptom of sickness. When a cow suffers 
from indigestion, or any other ailment 
which makes her feel quite sick, she natu¬ 
rally will stop chewing her cud. When the 
trouble subsides rumination will be re¬ 
sumed Many people give artificial cuds, 
thinking to establish rumination by such 
means This of course is highly absurd. 
On general principles give a cow a full 
dose of physic when she will not chew her 
cud, and follow the purge by full doses of 
stimulants in warm water, thin giuel or 
flaxseed tea. As a physic a pound of ep- 
som salts, half an ounce of ground ginger 
root and a cupful of blackstrap molasses 
shaken up in three pints of wimi water 
will prove effective. Four ounce doses of 
whiskey along with half a dram of fluid 
extract of mix vomica will serve well as a 
stimulant. Another good stimulant for 
cows is a mixture of equal parts aromatic 
spirits of ammonia, pure alcohol and spirits 
of nitrous ether (sweet nitre). Pose of 
this is two ounces, every three or four 
hours, well diluted witli water, giuel or 
flaxseed tea. Rectal injections of soapy 
warm water are also useful when a cow 
is affected in the way here eonsideird. 
i. s. A. 
5 YEAR 
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/ DURABILITY \ 
is the claim we make for 
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' Springfield,O, 
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BEFORE YOU BUY WRITE FOR 
NEW CATALOG DESCRIBING THE 
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SILOS 
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Tons of Money Saved 
by Wearers of STEEL SHOES! 
Write today 
for hook, 
"The Sole 
of Steel.” 
Pat. 
Dee. 4, 
1900. 
Others 
Pending 
One Pair Out¬ 
wears 3 to 6 
of All-Leather 
Shoes— S a v e s 
$5 to $IO a Year 
\ ou can positively save from $5 to $10 a year and get more good wear, more solid comfort, 
more health-protection out of Steel Shoes than from leather-soled work shoes or rubber boots. 
Thousands are wearing Steel Shoes to-day, saving immense sums of money. Every wearer 
will tell you they are easier on the feet, lighter, more healthful and durable than the best all¬ 
leather work shoes that money can buy. Absolutely the best farm shoe in existence. 
Better Than the Best Leather-Soled Shoes—Feel Better, 
Fit Better, Wear Better, Look Better! 
It you will put a pair of Steel Shoes on your feet—even for five minutes—the shoes will do the rest, 
lliey wm surprise and delight you with their lightness, neatness and comfort—their astounding 
durability. They will literally sell themselves! 
Hence I am making this special Free Examination Offer, merely asking you to send me the price, 
while you are sizing up” the shoes. If they fail to convince you immediately, you can simply 
notify me to send for them at my expense and the money will be refunded at once. 
Try Them On— In Your Own Home—at Our Risk! 
FREE EXAMINATION! 
Your Money Back if Shoes Don’t Suit! _ 
Steel Shoes are the strongest and easiest working 
shoes made. There is no need of breaking in. Com¬ 
fortable from the first moment you put them on. Easy 
to put on or take off. Impossible to get out of shape. 
We could not afford to make you this special offer if 
we were not confident that our Steel Shoes are just what 
you need. You run absolutely no risks, no trouble on 
your part. All we ask is that you try on a pair of Steel 
Shoes before you buy any other style of working shoes! 
You will wonder how you ever did without Steel Shoes 
this long. 
Steel Shoes Explained 
Hero is the Way Steel Shoes are made : The uppers 
are made of a superior quality of leather, as water¬ 
proof n» leather can be tanaed. This leather is 
wonderiully soft, flexible and pliable—never gets stiff 
.and hard, no matter how long the shoes are worn in 
mud, slush or water. 
The soles and sides are made out of one piece of special 
light, thin, springy, rust resisting Steel. 
We have added 100 per cent to the strength of the 
Steel Soles by corrugating the bottoms. 
The Sole of Steel keeps the uppers in shape, prevents 
them from warping, twisting or cracking. Soles and 
heels are studded with adjustable Steel Rivets which 
prevent the bottoms from wearing out. Rivets are 
easily replaced by hand when partly worn, making the 
siloes ns good ns new ! Fifty extra rivets cost only 
30 cents and should keep the shoes in good repair for at 
least two years. 
The soles are lined with soft, springy, comfortable 
Hair Cushions, which rest the feet, absorb perspira¬ 
tion and odors, and add to ease of walking. Cushions 
can easily be taken out for cleaning. 
No Corns! No Blisters! 
No Wet Feet! No Rheumatism! 
Steel Shoes are so easy on the feet that they absolutely 
do away with corns, callouses, soreness, blisters and 
other foot troubles. They give rest and support to the 
feet, and keep them in perfect condition. 
If you wear Steel Shoes you can work all day in mud 
and water or snow without having wet or cold feet. 
Thus you escape colds, rheumatism, neuralgia and the 
long train of ills that result from cold, wet feet. Steel 
Shoes pay for themselves again and again by preventing 
sickness and saving doctor's hills. 
Steel Shoes in Sizes 5 to 12 
6 inches, 9 inches, 12 inches and 16 inches high 
Steel Shoes, 6 inches high, $2.50 per pair. 
Steel Shoes, 0 inches high, better grade of leather, $3.00 
per pair, 
Steel Shoes, 6 inches high, extra grade of leather, black 
or tan color. $3 50 per pair. 
Steel Shoes, 9 inches high, $ 1.00 per pair. 
Steel Slioes, 9 inches high, extra grade of leather, black 
or tan color. $5.00 per pair. 
Steel Shoes, 12 inches high, extra grade Of leather, 
black or tan color, $ 0.00 per pair. 
Steel Shoes, 16 inches high, extra grade of leather, 
black or tan color, $ 7.00 per pair. 
Each pair of Steel Shoes is worth $2.00 more than the 
best leather work slioes. A trial pair will convince you. 
Every pair of Steel Shoes is inspected and tested before 
shipment. 
Boys’ Steel Shoes—Sizes I to 5 
Boys’ Steel Shoes, 6 inches high, $2.50 per pair. 
Boys’ Steel Shoes, 9 inches high, extra grade of leather, 
black or tan color, $3.50 per pair. 
Save buying several pairs of boys’shoes a year. One 
pair of Boys’ Steel Shoes will do it. 
A Blessing to Farmers’ Feet 
Steel Shoes are unquestionably the most important 
discovery for the benefit of farmers in the last 100 years. 
They enable you to work in comfort, rain or shine, in 
heat or cold—in the field, barnyard or feed lot—in the 
swamp, in ditch work, among brush, stones or wherever 
there’s work to do. They stand hard knocks ! They 
shed mud ! They keep your feet hone dry, rested and 
free from corns, chafing and blisters ! 
They save time and money and doctor’s hills. 
The proof is yours for the asking. 
Don’t Wait-Send NOW! 
Seethe shoes—then decide ! 
We don’t ask you to buy the shoes ! 
We just want you to slip your feet into a pair of Steel 
Shoes—to feel and see and know how much lighter, 
neater, more comfortable they arc than any other 
work shoes in existence. 
AVe offer to send you a pair of Steel Shoes for FREE 
EXAMINATION—any size or style you may select—on 
receipt of the price and let the shoes themselves tell 
you their marvelous story of comfort, lightness, neut- 
ness, strength und wonderful economy. 
If they don’t convince you instantly— DON’T KEEP 
THEM ! 
Simply notify us to send for the shoes at our expense 
and every penny of your money will be returned 
promptly without delay or argument. 
Don’t hesitate. Any hanker, any express company 
will tell you we are responsible. Any agricultural editor 
will do the same. You need Steel Shoes and you need 
them NOW. Don’t put it off, hut accept our liberal 
FItEE EXAMINATION OFFER at once, and make 
sure of getting your shoes promptly. 
We strongly recommend the 6 inch hi eh Steel Shoes at 
$3.50 a pair or the 9-inch high Steel Shoes at $5.00 a pair. 
For all classes of use requiring high-cut shoes, our 12 or 
16-Inch high Steel Shoes are absolutely indispensable. 
Throw away your old shoes and hot rubber 
bools. Don’t torture your feet in hard, twisted, warped 
leaky, shapeless -leather-soled shoes. Don’t sweat your 
feet and make them tender by wearing hot rubber boots 
felt boots or arctics. Get a pair of Steel Shoes and learn 
what foot comfort really means. 
Our Three Great Factories 
The success of Steel Shoes is almost startling 1 . 
Within three yeai*s we have established Shoe Factories 
in Racine, Wisconsinj Toronto, Canada; and Northamp¬ 
ton. England. 
These great factories, running at full capacity, can 
scarcely keep up with the demand from all over the 
world. ( 74 ) 
EXAMINATION COUPON 
STEEL SHOE CO., Dept. 37, Racine, Wis. 
Dear Sir; 
Please send at once for free examination 
•.... Pair..... inch Men’s Steel Shoes, Size. 
.Pair.inch Boys’ Steel Shoes, Size. 
I enclose.for $.in payment for 
same, as per free EXAMINATION OFFER. 
Tou-n . 
Coiniti/ . 
; 
N. M. RUTHSTEIN, Secretary and Treasurer 
STEEL SHOE GO., Dept. 37, Racine, Wis. 
Canadian Factory—Toronto, Canada 
Great Britain Factory—Northampton, England 
