aioe 
THE RURA-Ii NEW-YORKER 
November 26, 
A CHEAP AND HEALTHY POULTRY 
YARD. 
The essential features in poultry keep¬ 
ing are clean quarters, grass and exer¬ 
cise ; coops that are easy to clean, easy 
to feed and not expensive to make. 
After many years of study and experi¬ 
ment with all the different kinds of 
poultry houses I find the following plan 
is the simplest and by far the best, ex¬ 
cept in the snowy period of Winter, 
when the birds and yards can be placed 
in an open shed facing south. The yards 
are built in sections four feed wide, two 
feet high and 16 feet long. 
One or 20 sections can be placed end 
to end and the length of the yard is 
only limited by your boundary or what¬ 
ever else there is to restrict you. A 
grass and clover field is the best, but 
when I started my yards they were on 
corn stubble and a fine grassy yard has 
grown without seeding in two years. 
The materials are kept in all lumber 
yards. Six arbor laths 1x2x16 white 
pine finished and free from knots and 
other weak spots, cost about 25 cents 
each, will make the frame. The sides, 
ends and top can be made up of plaster 
laths nailed one inch apart for small 
chickens and \ l /i to two inches for adult 
fowls. Porch lattice strips are neater, 
better and a little more expensive, but if 
painted would make a neater appearance 
and be more lasting. The end section 
should be closed at the ends with a slid¬ 
ing door to shut all birds in when mov¬ 
ing yards; intermediate sections are 
braced on the ends and left open other¬ 
wise. 
The top of each section should have 
four feet closed with light lumber or a 
sheet of galvanized iron which will fur¬ 
nish shade for the fowls on warm days. 
For brooder yards these sections should 
have the whole top covered with gal¬ 
vanized iron or light lumber and it will 
save much loss from sudden showers, 
CHEAP POULTRY YARD. Fig. 472. 
but make them light enough to move 
easily. The roosting room should be 
four feet square and two feet high with 
two roosts and open at the top like a 
box. These coops are easy to move by- 
just dragging them along. They will 
hold 12 or 14 Leghorns and have roost¬ 
ing coops enough to accommodate vour 
flock. Laying houses are the same size 
with four nests on each side opened at 
the top. These houses should be closed 
at the evening feeding time to stop birds 
from roosting in the house or nests. Dry- 
mash hoppers are kept in another house 
of the same pattern and each house 
should have one or more sections be¬ 
tween them. 
These yards make ideal Leghorn yards 
(they are always in their own place and 
not scratching at your neighbor’s gar¬ 
den), which is their greatest recommen¬ 
dation. I am a trucker and my neigh¬ 
bor’s chickens do me more harm than 
all the bugs. Each morning a little grain 
is thrown in the end section, and when 
all the birds are in close the slide and 
then move each section over sideways 
till all are on the clean grass, then move 
the end section, birds and all, taking 
care not to pinch their toes, but they are 
usually too eager for the new grass to 
get their toes pinched. 
Roosting houses should have no bot¬ 
tom. Laying houses have only wire net¬ 
ting on bottom of the nests to keep in 
the straw when moving the house. The 
dry mash feeding house should have a 
wood floor. Water, grit, shells and char¬ 
coal can be kept in tomato cans or 
lard pails on the outside of the yards 
where the birds can reach them easily 
by putting their heads through the slatted 
sides of the yards, and the. feeder can 
see at a glance if each pail is full. The 
water, grit, etc., will always be free from 
droppings, which is never the case when 
these utensils are kept inside a poultry 
house. The ground will have grown 
up to grass in about two weeks’ time 
when you can move the yards back to 
their original place and move over daily-, 
a task that will but take about two min¬ 
utes per section at the most. 
Every two years the plot should be 
plowed and used for a garden and a new 
piece seeded to Blue grass and White 
clover the year previous to being used 
as a poultry plot. There will be no 
waste of fertilizer in those droppings on 
the living sod. In the cut, Fig 472, de¬ 
tails of this plan are shown. 
New Jersey. R. thomas. 
BRIGHT OUTLOOK FOR MAINE SHEEP¬ 
MEN. 
In my opinion the prospects never looked 
brighter for the sheep industry than they 
do at present. Last March we organized 
at Madison the first sheep breeder’s asso¬ 
ciation ever organized in Maine so far as I 
can learn, the Somerset and Franklin Sheep 
Breeders’ Association. At that meeting 
there were less than 20 present, but all 
were very enthusiastic. The next meeting 
was held at the home of the secretary, 
Ernest Hilton, Anson, in June, with nearly 
50 present. The next meeting was at 
Lewiston Fair Grounds with a very repre¬ 
sentative gathering of sheep men. The 
last meeting was at Skowhegan with near¬ 
ly 100 present. Prof. Arkell, of the New 
Hampshire Agricultural College, gave us 
some good practical talk on the sheep busi¬ 
ness, also a demonstration of sorting and 
grading wool, which was very instructive. 
We are now arranging meetings for Frank¬ 
lin. Androscoggin and Somerset counties, 
and 1 can see that this association is help¬ 
ing to revive the most neglected, and best 
paying branch of the live stock industry, 
for we cannot keep any stock that will 
return as much profit as sheep, when you 
consider the amount invested, and the 
amount of labor involved. A great many 
people'in this vicinity this season who 
have paid no attention'to breeding or feed¬ 
ing have sold their lambs for $4 each, and 
the ewes have sheared .$1.50 in wool, mak¬ 
ing a total of $5.50 from a $3 to $4 invest¬ 
ment. Is there any stock that will return 
as much on the first cost? 
You ask which breed is the best suited 
for Maine. I believe that any of the dif¬ 
ferent breeds will thrive here when given 
the proper care, and I always advise any¬ 
one who asks me to get the breed that he 
fancies for breeders are very apt to give 
them better care, and the better care and 
feed the more profit, the same as any other 
stock. Neither would I advise starting 
with purebreds, unless the breeder is amply 
able, or has some experience, not that I 
consider them harder to raise, or less profit¬ 
able, for there is more profit in purebreds 
than grades, but the average farmer does 
not want to invest as much as is necessary 
to get purebreds. Get a few good grades 
and then select a purebred sire of the type 
that appeals to your fancy, and stick to 
that type until you have got a uniform 
flock of the type you like best, and be surt- 
your rams are purebred. Don't use a grade 
sire under any conditions. 
E. E. GIFFOIiD. 
COST OF KEEPING A COW. 
The Minnesota Experiment Station has 
been digging out figures showing the cost 
of handling a cow for one year. These 
cows were kept in three different counties. 
There were 782 of them. The labor item 
included time spent in feeding, bedding, 
cleaning and selling milk or butter. The 
average cost was $17.03 per cow. That is 
what it cost to care for one cow one year 
and pay wages to hired man or owner. The 
cost of feed for a year averaged $22.09, 
divided as follows: The cows averaged 921 
pounds of grain and 4,973 pounds of rough- 
age for the year: Grain, $6.80; roughage, 
$10.28; pasture, $4.92; total, $22.09. Our 
eastern farmers will wonder at this low 
cost of feeding. We must remember that 
in Minnesota prices of grain and hay arc 
about half of what New York farmers pay. 
Thus we have the following total: Cost 
of food, $22.09; labor, $17.03; interest on 
investment. $1.84; total, $40.96. To this 
ought to be added the cost of sheltering 
the cow, which would be figured about as 
follows: A barn costing $2,500 and 
sheltering 30 head, would last 50 years. 
This means $50 per year depreciation. The 
annual interest on investment charge is 
$76.50; insurance, $10, and painting or 
repairs, $25. This makes $161.50, an an¬ 
nual cost of shelter per head of $5.38. This 
is the way a railroad or a manufacturing 
plant would figure. Now those cows aver¬ 
aged 4,950 pounds of milk, which gave 
186.49 pounds of butter fat. The aver¬ 
age value of the income from a cow was 
$50.95. Some of them paid, others lost. 
If we should add the cost of shelter we 
have a total of $46.34. In New York the 
value of grain and hay would be at least 
$15 more than in Minnesota, or a total of 
$61.34 to keep the cow one year. The best 
of the cows in Minnesota gave milk worth 
$69.97 in one year while the poorest gave 
$28.86. 
While I have been a resident of Michi¬ 
gan but a short time, I can see that this 
State is rapidly coming to the front as a 
dairy State and will soon take her place 
witli the first States in the Union. Good 
dairy cattle are in great demand in this 
section, and bring 50 per cent, more than 
they did three years ago; farmers are in¬ 
creasing the size of their herds and many 
silos are being built. More attention is 
being paid to breeding and the butter fat 
test, as milk is largely being bought on 
a test basis, or the cream sold to the cen¬ 
tralizer. The Holstein cow is the most 
popular, although the Guernsey and Jer¬ 
sey are fast gaining favor. As to rations, 
corn, silage or shredded corn, oats, meal 
and bran with cotton-seed meal form the 
principle feeds. Many of the dairymen are 
having good success in raising Alfalfa. 
There never was a time when the dairy 
was as profitable in this section as now, 
with bumper crops of hay, corn and oats 
and milk prices best ever known. 
F. V. BEXNETT. 
Feeding a House. —The following sensible 
advice about feeding a farm horse is given 
in ‘‘News Notes” issued by the Colorado 
Agricultural College : “The horse should 
receive some water the first thing in the 
morning. After watering the horse is fed 
a small amount of hay and then given 
grain after all the hay has been eaten. By 
this plan the feed which is the most diffi¬ 
cult to digest is left in the stomach, and 
therefore receives proper digestion. The 
noon feed should be given after the horse 
is cooled and has been allowed to rest for 
15 minutes or half an hour. A small quan¬ 
tity of water may be given soon after the 
horse is brought to the barn. Feed hay, 
and when the animal is thoroughly cooled, 
give all the water he desii’es, after whicn 
feed the grain. At night feed the same as 
at noon, "only give more hay; in fact feed 
as much' hay at night as is given at both 
morning and noon meals. When a horse is 
working hard and is fed large quantities of 
grain, it is found advisable, once a week, t > 
give a bran mash for the evening meal. The 
bran acts as a laxative and prevents indi¬ 
gestion and possibly a case of colic.” 
Galloway 
No Longer a 
“Joke” to His 
Competitors 
Here are 8 good 
reasons why you 
should buy from 
me— 
1— Highest Quality. 
2— Lowest Price. 
S—Long Free Trial. 
4— Freight Prepaid 
On Manure 
Spreaders and 
Cream Separa¬ 
tors. 
5— Money-Back 
Guarantee. 
0—Save Middle¬ 
men's Profits by 
Dealing Direct. 
7— Tens of Thous¬ 
ands of Satis¬ 
fied Customers. 
8— Safest Selling 
Plan. 
N OW I’m back again for 1911 with Bigger, 
Better Propositions than ever. Five years 
ago manufacturers of “priced-high” ma¬ 
chines took Galloway for a "Joke.” Today 
they are wondering how I could build up such 
an enormous business direct with the Farmers 
of America. In such a short time, too. And 
today I have thousands upon tens of thousands 
of satisfied customers among the Farmers of 
America—everywhere. Will you join us? 
Why can't you and 1 deal together—direct—without 
a lot of middlemen getting a chunk of your money! 
My success Is not a secret. 
It Is an open book. 
I was raised on an Iowa farm. 
My people bought farm Implements the same as other 
farmers. 
They paid the long prices the same as other farmers 
paid. 
While using those Implements I got to wondering 
what they actually cost to make, and when I left the 
farm I started work for an Implement Manufacturer 
who sold through agents and dealers. 
I found out their tremendous manufacturing profits, 
and the expenses of brokers—jobbers, traveling salco- 
men, etc., which they put Into their high prices—all 
paid out of the Farmers’ Pockets. 
Then I went Into the manufacturing business myself 
They didn’t seeliow Icould dolt—with my small meant, 
and a family to take care of. 
But 1 knew that the Farmers would be with me if I 
gave them high quality and square deal—sold direct, 
and gave them the savings on my wholesale factory 
prices. 
And you never saw me starting to make any machine 
except what the Dealers and Manufacturersgetthe long 
price for. 
And you never will. 
Here's my Galloway Line, and you’ll find that my 
prices save you from 825 to 8300 on any Galloway ma¬ 
chine, according to what you want, from the smallest 
capacity to the largest: 
Manure Spreaders—Gasoline F.ngines—Cream Separa¬ 
tors, etc.—(and watch out for my Automobile An 
nouncement before long.) 
I want YOU YOURSELF to know my “See It Work” 
Plan. 
I'll give you every chance—with NO RISK TO YOU. 
Whose pocket shall the money jingle In—yours or 
the dealer's! 
I want to hear from you and It won't cost you anything 
to make this independent investigation. 
Will YOU write me this time! 
1. Galloway’s 
Grand New 1911 
Catalog ol Full 
Line ol Manure 
Spreaders. 
2. Galloway’s 
Most Practical 
Gasoline 
Engine 
Catalog 
Ever 
Published. 
3. Gallo¬ 
way’s **Oil 
Bath” 
Cream 
Separator 
Catalog. 
4. Gallo¬ 
way’s 
Divide the 
Profit- 
Melon 
General 
Line 
Catalog. 
Which One of these 
Four Big Books Do 
You Want—Or You 
Can Have them ALL? 
Write Me To-night— 
William Galloway, President 
The Wm. Galloway Co« } 
Authorized Capital $3,500,000 
669 Galloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa. 
VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS 
(Trocars, Hopples, Impregnatorsl 
for Horses, Cattle, Swine, Poultry, 
Etc. Received only award World’s 
Fairs Chicago, St. Louis. Write for 
Illustrated Catalogue HAUSMANN & 
DUNN CO., 392 So. Clark St„ CHICAGO. ILL. 
KENDALLS 
SPAVIN 
CURE 
I 
To Bring Him Back 
to the “High- 
Stepping” 
Class 
THE 
REMEDY 
USED ALL 
OVER THE 
WORLD 
For 
Spavin, 
Curb, Splint, 
Ringbone, Abnormal 1 
Growths, All Lameness ' 
Kendall’s is the main depend¬ 
ence of thousands of horse- 
owners who have tested it9 
worth for many years and never 
found it wanting. 
COOD FOR MAN OR BEAST 
Ashland Ave., Blue Island, III., May 21, 1909. 
Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. 
Gentlemen: I have been using Kendall’B 
Bpavin Cure for over 20 years. I have at all 
times kept a bottle of Spavin Cure In my barn, 
and always found It a good medicine to have 
oa hand for man or beast. Yours respectfully 
George Wilson. 
Sold by Druggists 
Bottle; 6 lor SS.OO. 
_ ry_ - . 
_ _ _ ___ __ Keep It In the house fi 
family use, as well as in the stable. Get 
copy of “A Treatise oa the Horse” at yoi 
druggists or write to 
Dr. B. J. Kendall Company 
Enosburg Falls, Vt. 
MINERAL 
HEAVE 
REMEDY 
NEGLECT 
Will Ruin 
YourHorse 
Send today for 
only 
PERMANENT 
SAFE 
CERTAIN' 
S3 PACKAGE ^ 
Will cure any case or 
money refunded. 
$1 PACKACE 
cures ordinary cases. 
Postpaid on receipt of 
price. Agents Wanted. 
Write for descriptive booklet. 
Mineral Heave Remedy Co., 461 Fourth Avenue. Pittsburg, P$ 
Quinn’s Ointmenl 
Vloes for the horse what no other remedy can do. 
There’s not a curb, splint,spavin, windpulf or hunch 
that it will not remove. Sure and speedy. Thous¬ 
ands of horse owners use it—Quinn’s alone. They 
regard it as the unfailing remedy. 
PRICE SI.00 PER BOTTLE. 
At all druggists or sent by mail. Testimonials free. 
W. B. Eddy ft Co., Whitehall, New York. 
ADAMS 
Rapid LUMP-JAW Cure 
i Easy method, little expense, no pain or I 
scars. Written guarantee with each bottle. 
REMOV-ALL—“Beats’Em AlI”for Sprains, 
Curb, Bog Spavin, all lameness. Sold on I 
money-back guaranty. Free—Treatise on I 
curing animal diseases. Write for copy 
today. H. C. ADAMS MFC. CO. | 
Dept. 50 . Algona, loWa. 
SeldomSee 
a big knee like this, but yonr horse 
may have a bunch or bruise on his 
Ankle, Hock, Stifle, Knee or Throat. 
ABs 
BINE 
will clean them off without laying the 
horse up. No blister, no hair gone. 
$2.00 per bottle.deliv’d. Book 8 D free. 
ABSOILBINE, JR., for mankind, II. 
Removes Painful Swellings. Enlarged Glands, 
Goitre, Wens. Bruises, Varicose Veins, Varicos¬ 
ities, Old Sores. Allays Pain. Book free. 
W.F. YOUNG, P^D. F., 88 Temple St., Springfield, Mass. 
DEATH TO HEAVES 
IICtifTnif’C Heave, Cough, Distemper 
II C 11 I U II O and Indigestion Cure. - 
The first or second SI can cures heaves. The third 
is guaranteed to cure or 
money refunded. $1 percan 
' .5^ at dealers, or express pre- 
paid. Send for booklet. 
THE NEWTON REMEDY CO. 
TOLEDO, OHIO. 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping Caldron. Empties 
its kettle in one minute. The simplest 
and best arrangement for cooking 
food for stock. Also make Dairy ami 
Water and 
for particulars and ask for circular J 
D. it. SPERRY & 00.. Batavia, 1U. 
