1910. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1121 
Ruralisms 
FERTILIZER FOR STRAWBERRIES. 
D. G. P., Goldsboro, Md .—What is the 
best fertilizer for strawberries on swamp 
land that has been tile-drained and has 
some stumps in it yet? What ought the 
analysis to be? 
Ans. —In North Carolina the follow¬ 
ing mixture has been used successfully 
for strawberries. They are there grown 
mainly on a black soil with a clay sub¬ 
soil. It has been found there that a sim¬ 
ilar black soil with a sandy subsoil will 
not make good shipping strawberries. 
At Mt. Olive on the Atlantic Coast line 
they have the first class of soil, while 
below at Magnolia they have a similar 
soil without the clay bottom, and they 
have abandoned strawberries and are 
growing tuberoses and other bulbs for 
the northern trade. At Chadbourn again 
there is clay bottom, and the finest of 
strawberries are grown there. The mix¬ 
ture I refer to is acid phosphate 900 
pounds, nitrate of soda 100 pounds, 
cotton-seed meal 600 pounds, and sul¬ 
phate of potash 400 pounds to make a 
ton. The heaviest application is made 
as soon as the fruit is off, and the plot 
is well cultivated to encourage the for¬ 
mation of strong crowns for the next 
year's fruiting. Three hundred pounds 
in Spring and 700 pounds after the crop 
is off will be about right. It is better 
not to make a heavy application of a 
nitrogenous fertilizer in Spring, especially 
on land of that character, as it is apt 
to make the fruit soft for shipping. But 
the strong growth in Summer is im¬ 
portant. Then fruit the patch but the 
two years. Here we set the plants in 
November and December, get a partial 
crop the following Spring and a full one 
the next season, and then plow them un¬ 
der, planting a new patch every Fall. In 
your section probably the Spring is the 
best time. On the swamp land it is 
found that the Gandy does especially 
well, while on our light and dry soil the 
Chesapeake of similar season is far bet¬ 
ter. W. F. MASSEY. 
List of Fruits for Oklahoma. 
J. A. IF., Chikasha, Olcla .—I would like 
Mr. Van Deman to give a list of fruits 
Suitable for a family orchard in southern 
Oklahoma. 
Ans. —About all the ordinary orchard 
fruits will succeed in Oklahoma, al¬ 
though the southern part is not so well 
adapted to apples as the northern sec¬ 
tion. There should be a marked differ¬ 
ence between a list for family use and 
one for market, because the family 
should be furnished with a continuous 
supply of fruit of the best quality from 
the earliest to the latest varieties of the 
several classes suitable to the region in 
which the orchard is planted, and this 
requires a large number of varieties, but 
only a few of each, especially of those 
ripening in Summer and Fall. A mar¬ 
ket orchard should consist of only a few 
of the very best kinds for profit, whether 
they are of the highest quality or not, al¬ 
though those of really good quality are 
more desirable for this purpose than 
those of inferior flavor. Of the apples 
the following may be planted with safety. 
They are named in order of ripening 
and in such proportions as will be found 
about right for an ordinary family: 
Two Yellow Transparent, two Red 
Astrachan, two Liveland Raspberry, two 
Fanny, two Golden Sweet, two Jefferis, 
two Wine, two Fall Pippin, four Grimes, 
10 Winesap, 10 York Imperial, 10 Black 
Ben. 
Peaches: Two Alexander, two Tri¬ 
umph, two Sneed, two Carman, two 
Mamie Ross, five Elbcrta, five Salway, 
five Heath Cling. 
Pears: Two Wilder, two Clapp, two 
Howell, two Seckel, two Sheldon. 
Plums: Two Wild Goose, two Hawk- 
eye, two Burbank, two Shiro, two Ward. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Apples for Central Delaware. 
.1. /?. P., Milford, Del .—What varieties 
of early apples are best for fillers in cen¬ 
tral Delaware? How about Duchess of 
Oldenburg and Fanny? Is the latter va¬ 
riety an early bearing sort, and what is its 
habit of growth? 
Ans. —The early apples that have been 
longest tested and most successful in 
central Delaware are Yellow Trans¬ 
parent, Early Ripe, July Fourth, and 
Williams. Fanny does very well, but 
has not been largely planted. Hon. A. 
W. Slaymaker, who has had it in bearing 
for several years, says that it is not quite 
so early a bearer as Williams, but it is 
a thrifty grower and he likes it very 
well. I am now setting an orchard of 
3,000 trees— 500 Yellow Transparent, 500 
Early Ripe, 500 Williams, and alternat¬ 
ing with these 500 Nero and 1,000 Stay- 
man. I am setting them 30x30 feet, and 
if it is necessary in 20 or 30 years to 
cut out half of these trees, all the late 
or all the early can be cut out, leaving 
the trees a little less than 43 feet apart. 
While there is some disadvantage in 
mixing the early and late there is a 
probable advantage in this method in se¬ 
curing better pollination. At my next 
planting I shall set Paragon, or as it 
is often called the Mammoth Black 
Twig. There arc many other successful 
varieties, but one cannot plant them all. 
_ w. w. 
Heliotrope Losing Leaves. 
J. II. T., Harrison, .V. 1’.—Wilt you kind¬ 
ly tell me what makes the leaves of the 
heliotrope turn black and fall off? I 
water it well; it looks fresh and fine, but 
the leaves turn black and wither. 
Ans. —We are not told whether this is 
a greenhouse-grown plant secured for 
house culture, or whether it has been 
planted out during the Summer, then 
lifted and brought indoors. The helio¬ 
trope does not lift well, and often loses 
its leaves as a result of the check thus 
sustained. If liberally treated it will 
probably recover from this check, though 
less symmetrical from the loss of leaves. 
It also suffers from sour soil and lack 
of drainage, and is affected severely if 
it becomes dry. See that it has good 
drainage and, if it has not been planted 
out and lifted, make sure that it is not 
in need of repotting. Give it a light rich 
soil, a warm sunny place, and plenty of 
water. An occasional application of 
weak manure water is very helpful. 
Sometimes the trouble referred to is 
black rust, a serious fungus disease. If 
badly affected the plant cannot be saved, 
but the treatment advised to induce rapid 
growth is helpful, and spraying with 
tobacco tea is also recommended. 
Potatoes Below and Above Ground. 
—Among the foreign plants recently ac¬ 
quired by the U. S. Department of Agri¬ 
culture is a potato (Solanum tubero¬ 
sum) from Uruguay, of which C. F. 
Mead, of Piropo, says: “It will stand 
frost equal to tomato vines. The tubers 
above ground are very similar to pota¬ 
toes, but the color is dark, from yellow 
to red. There are also white tubers be¬ 
low the ground, the same as regular 
potatoes, but very small. It may be 
possible by selection and crossing to in¬ 
duce plants to bear marketable potatoes, 
both below and above ground. It is not 
as heavy a cropper as the regular potato 
and the necessity for a trellis makes its 
economic value doubtful." This is to be 
distributed later by the Department. 
“ONE FOR ALL" No. 1 
Wool Grease, Arsenate of Lead, Lime and 
Sulphur. Both a Contact and Poison 
Spray. An Insecticide and Fungicide. 
Positively the Only Thing Needed for all Pests or Fungus 
A tonic for vegetation. Sick trees made well 5 
old trees rejuvenated to youthful vigor; better 
foliage; larger and more abundant fruit. Neither 
sucking or chewing insects nor fungus will attack 
wood that has “One For All” upon it. After one 
fall sprayingno dormant spraying willbeneeded. 
Spraying confined to the growing season. Scale 
exterminated. Positive evidence from practical 
growers furnished upon application. 
Prices, F. O. B. New York 
Barrels. 425 lbs.05c. per lb 
V 2 Bbls., 200 lbs...05 l A " 
100 lbs.06 
50 lbs.06 'A “ 
25 lbs.. .08 “ 
MANHATTAN OIL COMPANY 
Established 1852 
Front Street New York 
The 
Best 
Insecticide 
for San Jose scale and all scale and 
sucking insects is 
YREELAND’S 
(Concentrated) 
ELECTRO 
Lime*Sulphur Solution 
We guarantee it to contain the maximum per¬ 
centage of soluble sulphur—the active insecticide. 
Gives a clear, cherry-colorcd liquid, absolutely 
free from sediment. Conforms to State and 
Federal Laws. 
Packed in BO-gal. barrels; SO-gal. half-barrels; 
5-gal. cans. Write us if your dealer 
cannot supply. < 
THE VRESLAilO CHEMICAL CO. 
32 Church Sfraet 
Haw York 
/'•SAN JOSE SCALED 
KILLER 
KIL-O-SCALE is the most reliable rem¬ 
edy for Scale. Ready for use by simply 
mixing with water. We also sell Spray¬ 
ing Outfits. Write for catalogue. 
HENRY A. DREER, - Philadelphia, Pa. 
“a square deal.” See guarantee page 10. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years.' 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit grow¬ 
ers we were using common 
sprayers in ourown orchards 
—found their defects and 
invented the Eclipse. Its 
success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a largj scale. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
1911 DEYO POWER SPRAYERS 
ffionarsfi 
Hydraulic 
Cider Press 
Great strength and ca¬ 
pacity; all sizes; also 
gasoline engines, 
steam engines, 
sawmills, thresh¬ 
ers. Catalog free. 
Monarch Machinery Co* 609 Corilandt Bldg.. New York 
MR. FRUIT GROWER, we have the two plunger 
spray pump you have been looking for connected to 
our 2 and 3 II. P. air-cooled engine. Eight years of 
success. If you do not know us, ask any of tho thou¬ 
sand users. Satisfied customers are our reference. 
Outfits fully guaranteed. Write for catalogue 19. 
DEYO-MACEY ENGINE CO., Binghamton, N. Y. 
C DD A‘V/ r COMPLYING WITH THE INSECTICIDE ACT OF I9IO 
or KAY IT WILL PAY YOU TO USE EITHER 
PASTE OR POWDERED 
FOR ALL LEAF EATING INSECTS 
RESPONSIBLE DISTRIBUTERS anoAGENTS WANTED 
KEY BRAND 
BIGHT PRI CE and MATERIAL 
FUNGICIDE ANo INSECTICIDE 
USE 
INTERSTATE CHEMICAL CO. 
It BAYVIEW AVE..JERSEY CITY, N.J. 
WRITE FOR PRICES.CIRCUI.ARS ETC. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 
NATURAL Ground PHOSPHATE 
In Rotating Your 
Crops don’t fail D 
to apply Natural 
!•' i ne-CJ round 
Phosphate when 
breaking your clover, 
grass or grain stub 
sods. , This is the best 
time to apply it 10 the 
soil direct Add 
The right amount 
applied just then, 
at not over $1.00 
per acre cost per 
crop,will Increase 
each crop grown dur¬ 
ing the rotation from 50 
to 75X. Write for free 
Booklet, t e 11 1 n£ all 
about it. 
THE FARMERS GROUND ROCK PHOSPHATE CO.ffisief 
5 YEARS’ use has proven that SAN JOSE SCALE 
and all FUNGOUS diseases, controllable during the dormant season, are absolutely controlled 
by the use of 
“SCALECIDE” 
There is but one—“PRATT’S” Trade Mark, Reg. U. S. Pat. Off. 
Prices: In barrels and half-barrels, 60c. per gallon; 10 gal. cans, $6.00; 6 gal. cans, $3.25; 
1 gal. cans, $ 1 . 00 . If you want cheap oils, our “CARBOLEINE” at 30c. per gallon is tho 
equal of ANYTHING ELSE, j Send for free Booklet, “Orchard Insurance.” 
B. G. PRATT COMPANY. Mfg. Chemists. 50 CHURCH ST., NEW YORK CITY 
Wltb 
the 
Gasoline 
LEADER 
ei8h Machine 
Pressure 
Has 3J4Horse-Power, 4-Cycle Engine 
and Hopper Jacket tor Cooling. 
It supplies 10 nozzles at a pressure of 200 
lbs. with safety valve blowing off, and 
this service can easily be increased with¬ 
out overtaxing the engine. 
A Complete Spraying Rig 
and It will relill the tank, saw wood, jjrlnd 
feed, run your repair shop, shell or clean your 
grain, run tho cream separator or the churn, aud 
la safe, simple and satisfactory. 
Also Z-lIorse-PowcrKlgs with Triplex Pumps 
—We also manufacture a full line of Barrel, 
Knapsae,k, ami Power Potato Sprayers with 
Mechanical Agitators and Automatic Strain¬ 
er Cleaners. Catalogue FREE. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO. 
2 11 th St., Elmira N. V. 
General Agents, 
JOHN DEERE PLOW CO., 
Kansas Cut, Mo.. St. Louis. Mo. 
C. P. ROTHWELL SCO., Martinsburg. W. Va. 
BRACKETT-SHAW & LUNT CO., Boston. Mass. 
SPRAY sou «e BOWKER’S LIME-SULPHUR 
Kills San Jose and other Scale Insects. Also Mosses. It Cleans Up and Livens Up the Tree. 
For Sale by Dealers. Manufactured by BOWKER INSECTICIDE COMPANY, 43 Chatham St., Boston, Mass. 
