1910. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
lieu: 
AN ORCHARD FOR THE BOY. 
I have a tract of land about two miles 
from here which I have had an expert 
who is practical and .successful and 
knows this locality very well, look over. 
He says that the soil, subsoil, location, 
elevation, air drainage, etc., are correct, 
and advises me to put out 10 to 20 
acres of two varieties of apples. He 
advises also the mulch system. I figure 
it will take 10 years for the trees to 
begin paying their way, and then a few 
years more before they will pay, but I 
have a boy a year and a half old who is 
very fond of apples already, and as he 
grows up, the apples will keep him busy 
and keep him, if all goes well. I don’t 
trouble in a mixed orchard, but there 
were none in the Graham Bros, orchard 
at Grand Rapids, and my own Baldwins 
where they touch Roxburys do not seem 
to be affected. The Graham Bros, or¬ 
chard is a young one and very thrifty. 
I did not go into the orchard, and my 
observation was entirely confined to the 
outer rows on the west side. I was 
sorry afterward I did not look farther 
in. Of red apples Baldwin, Esopus and 
Ben Davis are most apt to show russet. 
Perhaps both the former have a large 
infusion of russet blood and the russet- 
ing is a harking back under ancestral 
influences. If this is the case and 
weather conditions which we are unable 
to control tend to the same result 
then further speculation as to its pre¬ 
vention is useless. We eastern orchard- 
ists must either grin and bear it or go 
DRAIN TILE FOR BLANCHING CELERY. Fig. 501. See Page 1165. 
know of a better insurance policy for 
him. H. r. M. 
Belle Plaine, la. 
R. N.-Y.—It is hard to think of a 
more sensible provision for a boy. If 
the orchard is cared for it will give the 
boy a business superior to anything he 
could get with moderate investment in 
town or city. He will also grow up with 
the orchard, see it develop and feel .that 
he is a real part of it. 
A TALK ON RUSSET1NG APPLES. 
11'. W. B., Monmouth, Me .—On page 10-17 
Is a communication from I.. B. Pierce in re¬ 
gard to russeted apples on unsprayed trees. 
I am much interested in this question, apd 
I would be greatly obliged if Mr. Tierce 
would tell us his experiences, both as to 
russeting of fruit from spraying, and on 
unsprayed trees. I should like your obser¬ 
vations as to the weather relations to such 
injury as you have noted, and any other 
information that might be of value. 
Ans. —My observation is wider than 
my experience concerning the russeting 
of apples, but it all goes to show that 
the season or weather has much to do with 
it, and the. variety a great deal. I have 
about 20 Baldwin apple trees, and one 
has more russeted fruit than the others. 
This tree is more fully exposed to sun¬ 
shine than others, being the southeast 
corner tree, and also I suppose gets 
more dampness from southeast winds. 
From what I read I judge that the 
western people spray more thoroughly 
than the average of fruit growers in 
Ohio or Michigan, yet if they produce 
russeted apples they do not send them 
East. The Esopus as grown in Wash¬ 
ington is highly colored and free from 
russet, yet my own produced on trees 
70 years old are almost as much russeted 
as the Westfield Seek-no-further, which 
is a semi-russet, withering after a while 
like the russets. Age of trees does not 
seem to make a difference, for I have a 
Seek-no-further 70 years old which 
often produces fairer fruit than those 
half that age which were grafted from 
it. My Grimes russet a good deal (in 
a delicate way) yet the same variety 
shown by the Ohio Experiment Station 
at the State Fair were entirely free 
from russet, and there is probably no 
spraying more thoroughly clone than 
that at the Ohio Station. 
Cross-pollination from russet apple 
trees might possibly be charged with the 
to the Pacific coast, where climatic con¬ 
dition are different. I heard Prof. W. 
J. Green say four years ago that tne 
russeting of apples was not entirely the 
result of spraying with Bordeaux. At 
the time we were looking at an orchard 
near Lake Erie, which was mostly Bald¬ 
wins and Ben Davis, which had been 
sprayed in various experiments by the 
station last Summer. He added that 
there were other causes probably yet to 
be determined. If I were making a 
special study of the subject I should 
start from the standpoint of latitude 
and special kinds. It would be interest¬ 
ing to learn whether russets grown in 
the extreme apple limit, north, were 
any heavier in russet than at the south¬ 
ern limit, and why apples grown in the 
Ohio River Valley were less likely to 
russet than those grown around the 
Great Lakes. r„ b. pierce. 
Ohio. 
- \ 
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