1847. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
43 
dairies.* Mr. Lee lias formerly carried on the business 
of making cheese on a large scale. He has taken from 
the Massachusetts State Ag. Society, and the Worces¬ 
ter County Society, $500 in premiums on that article. 
Mr. Bacon keeps about forty cows, and makes a 
large quantity of cheese annually. He milked thirty- 
six cows the last season, and they produced twenty 
thousand pounds of cheese, or an average of five hun¬ 
dred and fifty-five pounds to each cow r . It sold at eight 
cents per pound, which gives as the income from each 
cow, $44.40. 
But Mr. Bacon's cows arc a superior lot, and have 
been selected with a good deal of care; though we have 
no doubt that the same attention which he has bestowed, 
may be given in most other cases with equally good re¬ 
sults. Several of Mr. B.’s cows were procured from Mr. 
Elias Ayres, who lately removed from Barre to Vir¬ 
ginia. Mr. A. took great pains with his stock, par¬ 
ticularly in reference to their milking qualities. State¬ 
ments in regard to the quantity of milk yielded by his 
cows have several times appeared in some of the papers 
of Massachusetts. At a trial which Mr. Bacon made 
last season, it was ascertained that ten of his cows gave 
from twenty to twenty-five quarts of milk per day, 
beer measure. Some of these cows are from a fourth 
to half-blood Durham, and are really very fine animals. 
It may be remarked as we pass, that many of the 
farmers of Massachusetts are aware of the great differ¬ 
ence there is in cows, and are beginning to appreciate 
the value of a good one. For instance, in some of the 
dairy districts, ordinary cows are considered worth from 
$20to $25, and good ones from $50 to 75. Mr. Bacon 
considers many of his cows worth each from $65 to $70. 
The prevalence of correct ideas on this subject will be 
likely to do great good by inducing the farmers to pay 
more attention to the blood and qualities of their stock, 
and will ultimately be the means of getting rid of the 
numerous horde that will not pay for their keeping. 
New Braintree is likewise famous for its cheese. Capt. 
Hollis Tidd, of this town, has formerly kept a large 
number of cows, and manufactured cheese, extensively ; 
but of late years he has not carried on the business so 
largely. He took the $100 premium of the State Ag. 
Society, for old cheese, in 1831, and if all his cheese is 
of a similar quality to some we tasted at his table, we 
should not be surprised at its taking premiums on any 
occasion, whoever might be his competitors. 
Our stay in this neighborhood was necessarily too 
short to admit of our visiting many of the farms. We 
however called for a few minutes at Mr. Josiah Glea¬ 
son’s. We were in so much haste that w r e had not 
time to gather many particulars ; but we saw enough 
to convince us that it was one of the most perfect es¬ 
tablishments it has ever been our good fortune to meet 
with. Everything about the premises—house, barn, 
and other buildings—bore the impress of order and 
neatness, which, in our opinion, should constitute 
every farmer’s motto. There was u a place for every¬ 
thing, and everything in its place.” The long lines 
of stone walls were perfectly straight, and appeared to 
be as firmly built as though they had been designed to 
protect a city. Rows of beautiful trees of the sugar- 
maple, lined the wide and handsome road for the whole 
length of the farm. The^iome farm consists of 234 
* Since the above, was written, we have received a copy "of the 
Transactions of the Agricultural Society of Worcester County* for 
3846. In the report of one of the committees, it is stated that ac¬ 
cording to the statistical returns of the state, the income derived 
from cows in Worcester county, “ is one quarter of the whole 
amount of the income of cows in the state, and more than double 
the amount of any other county except Middlesex'”—that ‘“the 
capital employed in this branch of farming business in the county 
cannot be less than one million of dollars”—and that “there are 
but two branches of agricultural, and nine of mechanical industry 
in the Commonwealth, that yield a greater income than that de¬ 
rived from the cow.” 
acres, and there are 100 acres in out-lands. The stock 
consists of fifty head of cattle, chiefly cows, sixty sheep, 
and several horses. 
There are many other fine farms in the neighborhood 
which we regretted not having an opportunity to ex¬ 
amine; particularly those of Col. Mixter, Mr. Green. 
and Mr. Elbridge Gleason. 
IMPROVEMENT IN LUMBER WAGONS. 
An improvement has been made in England in the 
construction of lumber wagons, within a few years, and 
adopted already to a considerable extent, which we be¬ 
lieve would be well worthy the attention of our me¬ 
chanics. It is made with a view to admit of wide 
boxes, at the same time that the wagon itself may 
be turned at a short angle. This, every farmer knows, 
is often of great importance, in confined parts of farm¬ 
yards, narrow lanes, roads, and elsewhere, especially 
with heavy loads, when the usual expedient of running 
backward and forward a few times, to throw the vehicle 
about, is out of the question. 
The usual point of turning, it is well known, is at 
the king-bolt, or large iron bolt through the centre of 
the forward axletree. If the box is wide, the inner fore 
wheel strikes the side, on even a slight inclination from 
the right-line. The improvement consists in placing 
the turning point further behind, at the point a, fig. 13, 
which represents a horizontal outline of the wagon, the 
dotted lines showing the position of the box. In turn 
ing, as shown in fig. 14, one wheel is thrown forward, 
Fig. 14. 
and passes round the end of the box, while the other is 
thrown further off, and consequently does not strike the 
box, unless bent round to nearly a right angle. The 
dotted lines show the position of the forward axle when 
straight, the distance from b to c being about the dis¬ 
tance that the inner wheel is thrown off by the turning 
motion. 
The forward end of the box is usually made semi¬ 
circular, but it may be made square, as shown by one 
of the dotted lines in fig. 19, at d. 
These figures are merely intended to show the prin¬ 
ciple of this improvement, which we believe well worthy 
the attention of our agricultural mechanics. T. 
Draining. —Imperfect underdraining is very common. 
A writer in the Hillsborough Gazette, gives the follow¬ 
ing good rule :—If water stands on the surface of a 
field three hours after rain has ceased to fall, that field 
is not sufficiently drained for the cultivation of grains. 
