184 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
June, 
The dimensions of the barn intended to be here rep¬ 
resented, are, length 100 feet, width 40 feet, height 
of posts 18 feet. The principal divisions are a floor- 
way, 12 feet wide through the centre; a bay, 14 feet 
wide, on one side of the floor way; and an apartment 
for cattle and horses, 14 feet wide, on the other side. 
A cellar, as shown in the perspective view, extends 
under the whole building. The site selected for the 
barn should be the side of a hill or knoll, so that the bot¬ 
tom of the cellar may be nearly on a level with the 
'ground on the open side, and that the entrance to the barn 
at either end, may be easy, without making much of an 
embankment. The open side to the cellar should be 
to the south or east, and the cattle and horses should 
stand on the north or west .sides of the barn, with their 
heads towards the floorway. The manure is to be 
passed through the floor into the cellar in rear of the 
animals, and is to be kept in a compact body, or from 
-being too much spread about, by means of strong move- 
able planks, supported against posts. The cellar should 
be of such depth that carts or wagons may be readily 
loaded and unloaded in it, and that all the work to be 
performed there, can be carried on with convenience. 
An apartment may be made in the cellar tor storing 
roots or vegetables. It should be at one end, and in 
part, at least, under the floorway, so that vegeta¬ 
bles can be 11 dumped ” into it from a cart. Its size 
may be regulated, of course, according to the extent to 
which roots are intended to be used for winter feeding. 
If the walls are of brick or stone, of proper thickness, 
and well made, the root cellar will be secure from frost. 
The other parts of the cellar may be used for various 
purposes; part may be used for sheltering cattle, or 
sheep; part for pigs, if expedient; and part for storing 
sleds, carts, and other implements, when they are not 
in use. Being open on one side, it is sufficiently dry 
and airy for any of these purposes. 
The portion of the cellar not otherwise occupied, 
forms a part of the barn-yard, and the yard may be 
made to embrace as large an area as circumstances ren¬ 
der necessary. Care should be taken that the manure 
in the yard is not wasted by drainage. Sheds,—which 
may be used for sheep, or for other purposes,—and 
other buildings,—as granary, piggery, &e,—may be 
placed round the yard in such a manner as to ward off 
the cold winds, and admit the sun on the southerly side. 
The apartment in the barn designed for horse-stalls, 
is calculated to be eight feet high, and that for cattle, 
seven and a half feet. Some may suppose that this is a 
greater height than is necessary; but it is desirable that 
horses should have so much space that there is no lia¬ 
bility of their heads .striking against the upper floor, as 
there is reason to believe that evils, (if not the “ poll 
evil,”) have been produced in this way. It is desirable, 
also, that the apartments, both for horses and cattle, 
should be sufficiently high in the walls to allow persons 
of ordinary height to pass readily through or about 
them, and as that part of the floor on which the animals 
stand is to be raised, (as will presently be explained,) 
the height mentioned is believed not to be too much. 
Section of Cattle Stalls .—Fig. 41. 
The divisions of the apartments appropriated to cat¬ 
tle. consist of a manger, a platform on which the cattie 
stand, a gutter to receive the manure, and a narrow 
platform or walk, next the wall. The width of the 
mangers is two feet. On the side next the cattle, they 
are formed by a piece of timber, seven or eight inchos 
thick, and ten inches high, running the whole length of 
the apartment, and into which the stanchions, to which 
the cattle are to be tied, should be inserted at the bot¬ 
tom. A plank, a foot in width, fastened edgewise, 
forms the opposite side of the mangers. Over this plank 
