1847. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
249 
were grown under the stimulating effects of this liquid 
excrement, it has seldom been my lot to see. 
Flora, too, has here her votaries. There are, also, 
engravers and exquisite painters of plants, fruits, and 
flowers, for whose works orders are constantly on hand 
from A. J. Downing, and Wiley & Putnam, and Endi- 
cott, of New-York, and Dr. Gray, of Boston, 
Altogether, they are a singular and interesting com¬ 
munity, and a visit to them being but a pleasant ride 
from the city, can hardly fail to be attended with both 
pleasure and profit. Wishing to enlarge their opera¬ 
tions, they have recently purchased a large tract of 
land (1,000 acres,) four miles above Chippewa in Ca¬ 
nada, on the Niagara river, and established there a 
branch of their community. Success to their efforts. 
Buffalo, July, 1847. H. A. P. 
Cultivator. —The above cut represents an imple¬ 
ment generally called a Cultivator in this country, or 
what is called a horse-lioe in England. It is made in 
various ways, and of different materials. The one above 
delineated has cast-iron teeth or feet, set in a frame of 
white-oak. This kind answers a very good purpose in 
loose soils, but for those of a compact texture, or where 
strong weeds and grass are to be destroyed, it is bet¬ 
ter to have steel teeth, which may be brought to a 
sharp edge, and made to penetrate hard ground, cut¬ 
ting clean as they go. Cultivators of proper construc¬ 
tion, are far better than the plow for cultivating crops 
in general. They leave the ground lighter, less thrown 
into ridges, and less liable to be dried up. 
We have rarely seen an implement of this kind con¬ 
structed exactly to our liking. Their operation is 
generally too superficial, except for the lightest soils, 
and many of them will not even work the surface suffi¬ 
ciently. Soils frequently pack so closely—especially 
those plowed early in spring or in the previous fall— 
that some tool is required to penetrate them to a con¬ 
siderable depth in order to induce a proper decomposi¬ 
tion of the vegetable matter, and allow the roots of 
plants to be fully extended. To accomplish this ob¬ 
ject effectually, the cultivator should be provided with 
long curved teeth, like the coulter of a plow, which 
should precede the feet or surface teeth, penetrating 
the ground, if need be, to the depth of six to eight 
inches, or as deep as it was at first plowed. This 
would effectually break thb tenacity of the soil, open it 
to the action of heat and air, and leave it clean and 
friable. 
It is also a great defect with the teeth of cultiva¬ 
tors generally, that they are liable to clog. The 
fibrous matters of the soil, and the soil itself when wet, 
collect and adhere around the upper part of the tooth, 
besides adding greatly to the resistance in moving it, 
prevents its proper action upon the soil. George 
Geddes, Esq., of Fairmount, Onondaga county, lately 
showed us a tool which had been made by his direc¬ 
tion, which appears to us very well shaped, and is in 
particular calculated to obviate the objection of clog¬ 
ging. It is Mr. G.’s design to have a cultivator- made 
with teeth of this description, and we hope to have an 
opportunity of Seeing it work at the next State Fair. 
A useful appendage to a cultivator is a wheel, at¬ 
tached as represented in the cut. It gives a steadi¬ 
ness to the working of the implement, regulates the 
depth, and enables the operator to manage it in all re» 
spects with more facility and precision. 
GRANT’S FANNING MILL. 
This is considered one of the most perfect machines 
for cleaning grain and all seeds which lias ever been 
made. It cleans grass and mustard seed, as well 
as all kinds of grain. It has acquired a very ex¬ 
tensive reputation—the manufacturer having sold large 
numbers of them in many parts of the United States. 
It has latterly been introduced in the rice districts of 
the south, where they are highly commended for the 
purpose of cleaning rice. It has received the highest 
premiums from various agricultural societies, among 
which ma}?’ be named the New-York State, the Penn¬ 
sylvania and Maryland Agricultural Societies, and the 
American Institute, and many county agricultural so¬ 
cieties. We believe it has succeeded, in all cases, in 
competition with all other machines. Each mill is 
provided with eight sieves, and when properly regula¬ 
ted, it perfectly separates and cleans all kinds of seeds. 
For instance, in cleaning wheat , it will separate what¬ 
ever timothy seed may be mixed with it, leaving it in 
a box by itself. Some men have stated that they have 
saved in this way, timothy seed enough in one season 
to pay for the mill. There are four sizes, from No. 
1 to No. 4, and the prices range from $21 to $27, 
MOTT’S PORTABLE AGR’L FURNACE. 
This is undoubtedly the best apparatus in use for 
cooking vegetables and other food for stock. It is 
likewise well adapted to household purposes, where 
water is required to be heated in large quantities. It 
is a double kettle or boiler, connected on the top of a 
box stove in such a manner, that the fire passes be¬ 
tween the outer and inner kettles, which causes the 
water to boil in a short time, and with little fuel. 
There are several sizes, holding from fifteen to one 
hundred and twenty gallons, and they are sold at the 
following prices: 
15 gallons,. .. 
.... $9 
00 
60 
gallons, .. 
.. $23 
00 
22 
do. . .., 
00 
80 
do. 
.. 30 
00 
30 
do. . .. 
.... 15 
00 
90 
do. 
.. 35 
00 
40 
do. .... 
.... 18 
00 
120 
do. 
.. 40 
00 
45 
do. . .. 
00 
Lime as Manure. —Dr. Darlington, in a letter to 
the Ohio Cultivator, speaking of the use of lime, says, 
“ The great secret, I believe, of improving land, is to 
manure well all the ground that is cultivated—and 
employ lime as an auxiliary ”—by applying in rather 
small and repeated dressings while the land is in grass. 
