1848 . THE CULTIVATOR. . 87 
ebout farming, and never has had his theories tested in 
the field, is not the man we need. But where practice 
and theory are combined and carried out by the prac¬ 
tical farmer on his farm, we cannot fail eventually to 
receive great advantages. I would urge, therefore, 
upon farmers, to give the results of their labors through 
the agricultural press, and thus Contribute to the dis¬ 
semination of facts which will Benefit others, and may 
lead to the most auspicious results.” 
Measuring Hay.— The Mass. Ploughman says that 
600 cubic feet of hay are usually sold for a ton, if well 
packed—equal to a mass-ten Teet square and six feet 
high. But in deep bays, 500, and even 400 in some 
extreme cases, will make a ton. A farmer who has a 
bay 20 by 30 feet, and 15 feet high, may therefore 
reckon upon having about 15 tons of hay; the amount 
will of course vary with the kind of hay. A little 
measuring and subsequent weighing would soon enable 
any farmer to determine .with considerable accuracy the 
quantity of hay he may have on hand, and make his 
calculations accordingly. 
Wheat in Northern England.— A correspond¬ 
ent of the Genesse Farmer, now in England, says that 
the soil between Carlisle and Newcastle, does not ap¬ 
pear to be superior to that of Monroe county, N. Y., 
yet thirty bushels of wheat per acre is a very common 
yield, often forty, and sometimes fifty. Although this 
fine product is largely attributable to good farming, he 
thinks it is in some degree owing to the coolness of the 
climate favoring more perfectly the ripening and filling 
of the heads. 
Wheat and Chess.— Wm. Powers, of Youngstown, 
Ohio, gives the following experiment in the Ohio Culti¬ 
vator:—He was about sowing his wheat, believing it 
to be perfectly clean ; but, on being advised, concluded 
to brine and lime it first. When the brine was poured 
on, to his surprise he found chess floating thickly on the 
surface, and on being skimmed off, about a pint and a 
half were obtained from each bushel of seed. This 
would thoroughly seed any ground ; but if the wheat 
grew well, the chess would be kept small and hidden; 
where winter killed, it would spring up, spread out, and 
occupy the whole ground, and be attributed by super¬ 
ficial observers, to the change of the killed wheat to 
chess. The wheat, however, was thoroughly cleaned 
by brining, so that where it was winter killed and fly- 
eaten, no chess appeared. 
Irrigation in China.— In cultivating rice , the 
sloping land is formed into terraces, ^.nd a stream is 
conducted upon the upper terrace, and from that to each 
successive one below, thus flooding the whole surface 
to the depth of several inches, or sufficient for the rice. 
As soon as the crop assumes a ripening hue, the water 
is readily turned off from any of the terraces. 
Winter Feeding Cattle.— Wm. Wallis, unintel¬ 
ligent correspondent of the Ohio Cultivator, states a 
great improvement in the winter feeding of cattle, 
which consists in warming the food by fermentation., 
This is effected in large wooden boxes or vats, holding 
about a hundred bushels each. Sliced roots, chaff, cut 
straw and hay, &c., moistened with water, are jammed, 
and covered tight. In three days they are fed out, 
three times a day. Three boxes keep up a regular 
succession of this heated food. Cattle are fond of it, 
and thrive finely. 
Fertility of Subsoil. —It sometimes happens that 
the subsoil contains very enriching ingredients, and be¬ 
comes of great value when brbught to the surface. H. 
N. Gillette in the Ohio Cultivator, states that on the 
farm of James Kelly, Lawrence county, Ohio, land ob¬ 
tained in digging a well, was planted with corn, and 
gave an extraordinary product, some of the ears being 
twenty-two inches in length. Experiments on a small 
scale, by trench-plowing, are easily tried on every farm | 
and in many cases they would lead to highly important 
and valuable results. 
Draught in Plowing.—A correspondent of the 
Farmer’s Cabinet, very justly observes that farmers of<° 
ten commit a great error, in shortening the draught too 
much under the supposition that they lighten the ex¬ 
ertion of the team. They may do so, with a cart or 
sled, the load being in part transferred to the horse’s 
backs. But in plowing, “ the plow must be set so as 
to swim, without any tendency to rise or sink;” this 
important object being attained, the length of chain is 
immaterial. 
Apples to China.— R. L. Pell, of Ulster, has 
shipped a hundred barrels of Newtown pippins to China; 
the first shipment of apples made to that country. 
Green and dry Fodder. —Boussingault has come 
to the conclusion, from actual and carefully conducted 
experiments in feeding cattle, that a given quantity of 
fodder, whether green or dry, contains the same amount 
of nutriment; that is, an acre of hay will go as far in 
feeding, if fed dry, as it would if fed immediately after 
cutting. 
Paring Apples.— The N. Y. Farmer and Mechanic 
says that an improved machine for paring apples has 
been patented by Bullock and Benson of New-York, 
which will “■ perfectly take off the skin of an apple, 
in the neatest manner, in about one second, and con¬ 
tinue to work at this rate as fast as the apples can be 
taken off and put on. It is quite simple in construc¬ 
tion. The price two and a half to three dollars.” 
PRICES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. 
New-York, Dec. 22, 1S47. 
FLOUR—Genesee per bbl. $6.31 ;}<*$6. 50—Ohio and Michigan 
$6.12.|a$6.25—Buckwheat flour, $2 per 1001bs. 
GRAIN—Wheat, Western, per bu., $1.40—Corn, northern, 71a 
74c.—Rye, 87c.—Oats, 49n50c.—Barley 80c. 
BUTTER—Orange County, per lb., 19a21c—Western, dairy, 
IlalG cents. 
CHEESE—per lb., 6a7c. 
BEEF—Mess, per bbl., $8.50a$8.75—Prime $5a$5.50. 
PORK—Mess, per bbl., 812—Prime, $8. 
HAMS—Smoked, per lb., 
LARD—Per lb. 8a8|c ; . 
HEMP—Russia clean, per ton, $230. 
HOPS—First sort, per lb., 6a8c. 
COTTON—New Orleans and Alabama, per lb., 6ja8|c.—Up¬ 
land and Florida, ,6^a8£e. 
WOOL—(Boston prices,) Dec. 22. 
Prime or Saxon fleeces, washed per lb. 45«50 cts. 
American full blood fleeces,.. 40a45 “ 
“ three-fourths blood fleeces,......... 35a33 “ 
“ half blood do . 32a35 “ 
“ one-fourth blood and common,. 28a30 “ 
Live-Stock Market—Brighton, Mass., Dec. 20. 
At market, 550 Beef Cattle, 100 stores, 21 yokes of Working 
Oxen, 25 Cows and Calves, 2,800 Sheep and Lambs, and 600 
Swine. 
In consequence of the small number of Cattle, prices advanced 
a trifle from our last quotations. 
Prices—Beef Cattle: We quote extra $6.75; first quality $6a 
6.50; second quality $5.25a5.75; third quality $4a4.75. 
Sheep and Lambs: Sales of lots at from $1.33 to 2.36. 
Swine: Lots to peddle at 4J for Sows, and 5 3-S for Barrows; at 
retail 5|a7c. 
THE LADY’S DOLLAR NEWSPAPER, 
ONTAINING articles from the best writers of England and 
America, and translations from other languages. Also, all the 
English Annuals Entire, 
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(from a work which has been imported expressly,) Fashions, Health, 
Fancy Work, Housekeeping, Domestic and Fancy Cookery, from 
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