246 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
Auo. 
plications usually found destructive to other insects.— 
They should be collected daily during the period of 
their visitation, and should be committed to the flames 
or killed by scalding water. 
It is not expected that we shall go into our orchard 
to collect these animals, but surely it is worth the trou¬ 
ble, to collect them in the garden, on the peach, the 
cherry, and the grape. The best instrument of de¬ 
struction is an old warming-pan; fill it half full of live 
coals, and with a wing or your hand, brush or jar them 
into your pan : (this should be done in the cool of the 
morning.) In this way, with ‘patience and perseverance, 
you will at least very much reduce the number; for ev¬ 
ery female you kill, you decrease the future number thir¬ 
ty fold. Hampden. Hampden Co., Mass. 
Management of Fruit Trees. 
Almost any kind of upland may be prepared for an 
orchard. For the apple, the most natural soil is that 
which is well adapted to corn, and requires but little 
extra preparation. 
The poorest upland soil for an orchard is perhaps 
moist heavy clay. This must be prepared by draining 
off all the superabundant surface water, which may be 
done by open ditches or under draining. Set the trees 
on the top of the ground without any excavation; but 
if suitable holes are dug, fill up with rich loam, and if 
convenient add a mixture of slate and small stones.— 
Haul on earth of a loose rich mixture, and bury the 
roots rather deeper than when set in the usual way.— 
The failure of nearly all kinds of trees set in a stiff clay 
may be attributed in part to planting them too deep.— 
The holes prepared for the trees, form basins to receive 
the surplus water, which literally drowns them out. 
In transplanting any kind of trees, keep the roots as 
moist as possible while out of the ground. In setting, 
the earth should compactly fill all the space around and 
under the roots, allowing each root and fibre to be bu¬ 
ried in its natural position. 
I would recommend high, rolling land, for an orchard 
on that part of the farm least wanted for tillage.* If 
the place selected be rocky, or the soil poor, it will re¬ 
quire more labor, but two hands will soon cart on soil 
of the right quality enough to cover fifty trees. In 
common porous soil, let the trees be set with the upper 
roots about level with the common surface, add rich 
soil with stones to round up six or eight inches near 
the body. This will also aid, in some measure, to ward 
off the mice. 
Arrange the trees so far apart that when full grown 
the top of one will not touch the others. At this dis¬ 
tance, they grow faster, receiving more- nutriment 
both from the earth and atmosphere. The fruit pluck¬ 
ed from that tree which is supported by a full share of 
light and heat, will yield more of an improved flavor 
and color. 
I have been made acquainted with but two extensive 
nurseries in the state of Vermont; these each contain 
over forty thousand trees. One of them is in Weath- 
ersfield, on Connecticut river; the other is in a lake 
town, conducted by Seneca Hazzard, of North Ferris- 
burgh. The latter is in a very promising condition, 
containing most of the valuable and popular varieties 
of apples, pears, plumbs, cherries, peaches, &c. S. 
W. Jewett. 
Bleeding of the Vine —Dr. Underhill stated be¬ 
fore the New-York Farmer’s Club, that the bleeding 
of the vine, so far from being injurious, seems to in¬ 
sure a good crop of grapes. 
♦This should be regarded as a matter of necessity, rather than of 
jhoice ; as the best soil, kept in good tillage, will yield fruit in 
tfuch grealer abundance, and of much better quality, than a poor 
And neglected soil.—-JW. 
New and newly introduced Apples. 
AUTUMN APPLES. 
Autumn Strawberry, or Late Strawberry. —This 
variety, which originated in Western New-York, iso.ne 
of the finest of all table apples. It is medium in size; 
roundish, slightly oblong-conical, obscurely ribbed; 
whole surface dotted and streaked with deep red; stem 
quite slender; calyx in a distinctly ribbed basin; flesh 
yellowish white, sub-acid, remarkably tender and very 
juicy, and of an exceedingly agreeable flavor. It ripens 
about six weeks later than the early strawberry, and is 
greatly its superior in excellence. The young trees 
grow more freely than any other known variety. A 
good bearer. 
Gate, Belmont or Waxen. —This excellent apple has 
been known for many years in Ohio, and has borne seve¬ 
ral times in Western New-York. Its merits entitle it 
to the highest rank. It is rather large; varying in form, 
but usually ovate-conical, often roundish-conical or ob¬ 
long-ovate, sometimes with a narrow or pointed apex, 
and at others quite blunt or rounded; a clear pale yel¬ 
low, of a waxy smoothness, often with a rich, brown¬ 
ish cheek; stem varying in length and thickness, from 
scarcely two-thirds of an inch long and stout, to an inch 
and a-half long and slender; flesh yellowish, of fine 
texture, tender when ripe, somewhat compact, with a 
fine rich sub-acid flavor, somewhat resembling that of 
the Fall Pippin. Tree a free grower, and abundant 
bearer. Ripens late in autumn. The identity of this 
variety with the Waxen of Coxe, which is described as 
a “flat” apple, appears not to have been fully establish¬ 
ed. 
Fall Orange. —Its origin is unknown. When well 
ripened on the tree, it is nearly or quite first rate in 
quality, and is valuable for its fair appearance, and the 
free growth and early and uniform productiveness of the 
tree. It is perfectly distinct from the Tallow apple, 
Orange or Lowell, of Onondaga and Oswego counties, 
N. Y. It is large, round-ovate, regular; light green¬ 
ish yellow, becoming a light yellow, dotted with grey, 
and sometimes with a slight brown cheek; stem half 
an inch long; calyx in a basin with a smooth rim, and 
slightly plaited within; flesh, sub-acid and tender. In 
character it resembles the Cumberland Spice and the 
White Bellflower of the west, but is believed to be su¬ 
perior to either. Ripens during the last half of au¬ 
tumn. 
Tallow Apple, Orange or Lowell.- —Quite large, 
roundish oblong, approachingobtuse conical, very slight¬ 
ly ribbed; green, becoming bright yellow; stem an inch 
long; calyx in an even rather deep basin, which is dis¬ 
tinctly plaited within, while the rim is remarkably 
smooth and broadly rounded; flesh rather coarse, with 
a rich rather acid flavor—hardly first rate, but valua¬ 
ble from its free growth, productiveness, large size, and 
fine appearance. Ripens early in autumn, and may be 
kept a month or two. This variety has been cultivated 
at Cleveland, Ohio, under the name of Queen Anne. 
Hawley or Dowse. —This fruit was first described 
and figured in the Cultivator, on p. 114, of volume IV. 
It was afterwards described in the Horticulturist a year 
ago. It is one of the very few apples of the largest 
size which prove to be of excellent quality. It ripens 
about mid-autumn, or a month earlier than the Fall 
Pippin, which it in some degree resembles; it is more 
tender in texture than the Fall Pippin, and consequent¬ 
ly not so well suited to distant markets. It is a good 
bearer, and the fruit always fair. Being of a mild fla¬ 
vor, it is apt to be underrated when sent a distance. 
It originated in Columbia county, and has been conside¬ 
rably disseminated in Onondaga, Cayuga and Tomp¬ 
kins counties, N. Y. Considering all its qualities, it 
will rank fully equal to the Gravenstein and Fall Pippin, 
St. Lawrence.' —A large, handsome, and fair 
