348 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
Nov. 
or brick cylinder sunk in the earth, the bottom being 
conical, and the top domed over, an air-pump adjusted 
for exhausting the air, and an Archimedean screw 
pump to discharge the grain, we have the whole appa¬ 
ratus complete. If we provide for wet grain, a water- 
pump may be added, as to a leaky ship. Suppose, now, 
a cargo of grain, partly germinating, and containing 
rats. mice, and weevils, to be shot into this reservoir, 
the cover put on and luted, and the air pump at work, 
the germination would instantly cease, and the animal 
functions would be suspended. If it be objected that 
they would revive with the admission of the air, we 
answer, that the air need not be admitted, save to 
empty the reservoir. If it be contended that the reser¬ 
voir may be leaky, we answer, so may a ship ; and if 
so, the air-pump must be set to work just as is the case 
with a water pump in a leaky ship. 
u The same arrangements that are good on land are 
good at sea. Many cargoes of wheat have been aban¬ 
doned owing to heat and germination on their passage. 
Rats, mice, and weevils, also, are very destructive. If 
the vessel were built with metal-lined, air-tight com¬ 
partments, the air might be exhausted by a pump; occa¬ 
sionally trying the pump to ensure against leakage; and 
thus even new, undried grain, might be carried and de¬ 
livered across the sea undamaged. Collateral advan¬ 
tages would also be gained; the vessel would be more 
safe by means of air-tight compartments, and also more 
buoyant. And the same arrangements would be equal¬ 
ly available for various kinds of goods, subject to dam¬ 
age in transit,—such as are hermetically sealed in tin 
cases; and thus the expense of packages would be 
saved. 
u In reservoirs on shore the air might not merely be 
pumped out ; warm air might be pumped in, to dry 
damp grain. Water might also be pumped in and out 
to cleanse the grain. 
11 Similar reservoirs or magazines on a similar scale 
might be constructed for butchers or other provision 
dealers, and meat might be preserved fresh for weeks 
in the heat of summer, preventing the necessity of 
waste, or of selling at ruinous low prices; and so with 
the fish brought to Billingsgate or other markets. On 
the same principle; there is no doubt, that fresh meat, 
as sea stock, might be carried instead of salt meat, and 
that fresh provisions might be transported from any 
part of the world to any other part. Pork, or beef, or 
mutton, or venison, might be killed in America and 
transported to England. Weevily biscuit would be a 
traditional commodity only, in the annals of sailor 
craft. 
u As regards the economy of transport of grain from 
foreign countries, the process would be as follows. The 
corn brought down the Mississippi to New Orleans, or 
by canal or railroad to New York, would be discharged 
into the air-tight magazines of the vessel. On arriving 
at Liverpool, or Birkenhead, or Harwich, the Archime¬ 
dean screw pump would discharge the grain into close 
waggons on a railway on the edge of the quay. These 
wagons might be rendered measurers of quantity, be¬ 
ing all made to hold a given number of quarters; and 
thus all labor in expense a d measuring would be saved. 
The wagons so loaded in bulk, and without the expense 
of sacks, would discharge their contents into reservoirs 
beneath the sidings; say for instance, the railway arch¬ 
es of the Eastern Counties. There it might remain 
sneure against all detriment for any number of years 
the owner might desire, with the minimum of expense 
in transit and stowage. The wagons would be con¬ 
structed with a hatch at top; and a discharge-pipe be¬ 
low.” 
Cnt and pile wood before snow gets deep, and have 
it ready for hauling the first sledding. 
How to raise Thirty Bushels of Whent per acre 
Where you could not raise twenty before. 
Eds. Cultivator —Where you have a good clover 
sod, let the clover grow until the first week in June; 
then take a good team and plow, and turn the clover 
all under; then roll the sod down flat, and let it lay 
eight or ten days; then take a light harrow or cultiva¬ 
tor, and pulverize the ground fine, and about the 25th 
of June sow 2\ bushels of corn to the acre, and after 
harrowing it well, roll it down smooth. About the 
last week in August, take your roller and press the 
corn down as flat as possible, going round with the rol¬ 
ler the same w r ay you intend to plow the land; then 
plow the land as deep as possible, and turn all the corn 
under—follow with the roller, pressing all down flat. 
Thus you have two crops well mixed with the soil for 
manure. 
Then take a light harrow or cultivator, and pulver¬ 
ize the ground fine, and sow your wheat about the mid¬ 
dle of September, and if you do not have one-third more 
wheat than you do where you summer fallow, tell me 
I am mistaken in a cheap method of manuring land. 
The corn will grow so thick that it will keep every 
other plant down, and leave the ground clean, and if 
there is a few small leaves of the corn scratched up with 
the harrow, it will afford a good top dressing for the 
wheat. Ira Hopkins. Auburn , Sept. 22 1848. 
Maryland Lands. 
Eds. Cultivator —My communication respecting 
lands in Maryland, which appeared in the September 
No. of the Cultivator, has elicited numerous letters 
from your state and the eastern states; the writers ma¬ 
king many inquiries respecting the lands, their condi¬ 
tion, prices, &c. 
Can you state in your October number, for the infor¬ 
mation of your northern readers, that this is the heal¬ 
thiest country in the world; remote from all large bo¬ 
dies of water, and all marshy lands, there are no epi¬ 
demics whatever. There is a great abundance of fine 
spring w T ater, many fine waterpowers unemployed, large 
bodies of fine chestnut and oak timber, and lime in 
every direction—that land, long thrown out, and easily 
brought into a fine state of fertility by the use of lime 
and plaster, can be purchased for ten dollars per acre 
-one-third down, the balance to remain for 5 to 8 years. 
Farms under cultivation, with tolerable buildings, may 
be bought for from fifteen to twenty dollars per acre, 
and improved farms within thirteen miles of the city of 
Baltimore, which is one of the best markets in the Uni¬ 
ted States, and situated in the very midst of the lime¬ 
stone region, may be purchased for thirty dollars per 
acre, on equally accommodating terms. These farms 
contain from 150 to 300 acres. 
It may be well here to remark that plenty of highly 
improved farms in this county would bring from eighty to 
one hundred dollars per acre. 
I am 18 miles from Baltimore, and all around me are 
these vacant lands and farms which have been suffered 
to run down and which are in the market. I am with¬ 
in three miles of a good turnpike to Baltimore, and 
none of the above mentioned lands more than five miles 
from one or the other of the turnpikes to the city. I 
shall be happy to answer all letters (post paid,) which 
are addressed me on this subject. 
Persons anxious of seeing the country, will on appli¬ 
cation to Mr. Thomas Street, Bull’s Head tavern, North 
Front street, near Gay st., Baltimore, be directed how 
they may reach my farm by the returning market wa¬ 
gons, and I will show them the country in this vicinity 
with great pleasure. W. B. Hamilton. Long Green, 
Baltimore Co-, Md., Sept. 23 d, 1848. 
