1848. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
371 
loads of bog iron ore from the neighborhood, were then 
placed round each tree. The following spring, new 
shoots appeared with great vigor, and the leaves assu¬ 
med a deep green and healthy appearance, ultimately 
forming new tops. 
Pruning Removed Trees.— Many experiments have 
shown the value of shortening in the heads of transplant¬ 
ed trees—the following, from a correspondent of the 
Prairie Farmer , furnishes decided proof;—One instance 
out of many,—a cherry tree was transplanted after the 
leaves had appeared ; they fell off, but by watering they 
re-appeared. But early in summer they turned yellow, 
and began again to fall. The top was then ail cut off, 
leaving a single rod or stem, and the wounds were co¬ 
vered with grafting -wax. It shot out new branches 
and flourished finely. We have known small trees suc¬ 
cessfully removed after making some inches of growth, 
by keeping the roots well immersed in 7nud, accompa¬ 
nied with a very heavy pruning of the parts above 
ground. 
Fruit in Orange County, N. ¥.— J. J. Monell, 
Esq., in his address before the Agricultural Society of 
his county, states that Mr. Dubois and his sons, of 
Cornwall, have sold in one year, $1,500 worth of plums 
which grew on trees planted by the sides of their fences. 
It is also stated that they sold last year 500 baskets of 
peaches from an orchard of tw T o acres—though only 
half of the trees bore. John McKibben, of the same 
place, it is said, picked in 1846, 540 barrels of apples 
from six acres of land; and Geo. Brundage is said to 
have sold, this year, over 100 barrels of plums. The 
whole amount of plums sent from the town this year; 
is said to be upwards of 1200 barrels—yielding a profit 
of $6,000 to $10,000. 
Farming at the North. 
A subscriber at Beaufort, S. C., who wishes to settle 
“on a northern farm,” sends us the following queries. 
Our answers to them must necessarily be rather indefi¬ 
nite—perhaps some one will be able to furnish the in¬ 
formation called for, in a more detailed form. 
u 1. What amount of money will it require in a good 
farming district in New-York or Pennsylvania, to pur¬ 
chase 250 acres of land, one-fifth wood-land? (a) 
u 2. What would be the probable cost of construct¬ 
ing the buildings necessary for a farm of that size, in 
the best manner, not including the dwelling-house? (6) 
u 3. What number of permanent hands would it re¬ 
quire ? the amount of wages by the year and by the 
day ? (c) 
iC 4. What amount of interest upon the investment, 
with good management, can be obtained ?” (d) 
a . The cost of land in the states referred to, would 
probably be from ten to fifty dollars an acre, according 
to the location and quality of the soil. 
b. The expense of erecting buildings will depend on 
the views of the owner, and the course of farming to 
be pursued. It is the practice in some neighborhoods 
to slack all the hay and grain, and only put up cheap 
shelters, such as sheds for the stock. From $1,000 to 
$2,500 would probably provide as good buildings, exclu¬ 
sive of the dwelling—as are usually found on farms of 
the size mentioned; but many farmers begin with not 
more than $500 cost of out-buildings. 
c. The number of hands required will depend much 
©n the kind of farming that is carried on, and the 
amount of labor to be expended in improvements, fee. 
A stock farm, where the land is kept chiefly in grass, 
will of course, require less hands than one devoted to 
tillage crops; so that without more knowledge of the 
plan to be pursued, it would be impossible to lay down 
®ny definite rule. Mr. Delafield, near Geneva, in 
this state, who received the first premium on farms from 
the State Ag. Society, last year, has 120 acres of til’ 
lage annually, the cultivable part of the farm being 
270 acres, thus—40 acres of wheat, 38 of barley, 17 
of oats, 23 of Indian corn, 2 of potatoes—and he em¬ 
ploys five hands by the year, and five more during the 
season of cultivating and securing crops. Wages are 
from ten to fifteen dollars a month by the year, and fifty 
to seventy-five cents a day, exclusive of board. 
d. Seven per cent, wo aid be considered a good inter¬ 
est on the investment. A few farms give more, but 
many less. 
The following statement of Peter Crispell, Jr. of 
Ulster county, who received the second premium on 
farms in this state last year, may give a useful idea in 
connexion with this matter. The farm consists of 114 
acres, exclusive of wood land: 
Farm expenses from December 1st, 1846 to De¬ 
cember 1st., 1847. 
To paid hired man by year (deducting lost time) $86 66 
*‘ 50 days work from April 1st to July 1st 
(by one man,) -- ........... 25 00 
18 do. Hoeing and planting corn,.. 9 00 
159| do. Harvesting,. 145 31 
“ 89 do. Cutting up and husking corn. 44 50 
11 3-Months work aft^r harvest,. 30 00 
u 8 Months work by hired boy,. 48 00 
c; 8 do. by son aged 15 years (worth) 40 00 
“ Hand help in house...... .. 27 12 
“ Blacksmith und wagon repairs,. 43 73 
u Merchandize and groceries,. 172 29 
u 1000 bushels ashes,. 110 00 
“ 2 bushels clover seed,.... .. 11 00 
11 3000 ft. hemlock boards (at mill). 16 87 
u Taxes, Town, School, fee. (about) .... 50 00 
$849 48 
Amount of Crops sold and to be sold. 
532 bushels of oats (sold).$266 00 
300 do rye (mostly sold). 258 00 
900 do corn (to be sold) at 75 cts.,.. . 675 00 
22 do wheat, (sold) at $1.75.. 38 50 
81 do flaxseed (sold). 10 31 
100 lb. flax, (to be sold). 10 00 
About 50 tons of hay (partly sold) .. 500 00 
160 bushels potatoes (partly sold) at 50 cents, 80 00 
Beef, hide, fee... 18 80 
Pork sold,....'.. 17 28 
Calves and skins sold, ..... .. 10 40 
About 600 lbs. butter, at 20 cents (sold). 120 00 
2940 Eggs, (sold at)... 29 21 
Straw to be sold for more than $100,........ 100 00 
10 loads cornstalks (partly sold) .. 20 00 
$2153 50 
Deduct expenses............ 849 48 
$1304 02 
In regard to the above account, Mr. Crispell adds; 
u In the above I have included all the labor on the 
farm and in the family, except what has been performed 
by myself in harvest, and in husking, that being the on¬ 
ly labor performed by myself, and the labor of my wife 
and daughter in the house. There are some other fa¬ 
mily expenses which I do not consider farm expenses, 
but which are to be paid out of the avails of the farm, 
such as shoemakers, weavers, tailors, fee., bills. My 
shoemakers bill for the same time, amounts to $26.65, 
paid for weaving, $9.60; paid for making clothing and 
other wearing apparel,$8.25; fornewspapers taken, $14, 
for ministers salary, $25, amounting in all to $83.60. 
This, I believe, will include all the ordinary expenses of 
the family and farm.” 
