1852 
THE CULTIVATOR 
309 
Pears —The following are merely named as having 
been proved by abundant experience, of first quality:— 
Madeleine, Bartlett, 0sband 1 s Summer, [the latter some¬ 
times of inferior quality ,] Seckel, Swan’s Orange, Ste¬ 
vens’ Genesee, Virgalieu, Gray Doyenne. In addition 
to these, the Bloodgood is recommended as being usual¬ 
ly, and Dearborn’s Seedling, as always excellent,—but 
mostly too small for market. Doyenne d’Ete, a small, 
new. early variety, gives high promise. Summer Frank - 
real and Tyson are recommended as valuable summer 
pears. Among autumn varieties, Louise Bonne of Jer¬ 
sey, Dix, Swan’s Orange, Belle Lucrative, Bezide Mon- 
tigny, Oswego Beurre, Flemish Beauty, Beurre Diet on 
quince, Doyenne Boussock, and Duchesse d’Orleans, are 
all named as very valuable ,• and the following new sorts, 
as giving high promise,— Beurre Goubalt, St. Andre, 
Beurre Superfine, Beurre de Waterloo, and Beurre de 
Konig. Winter pears,— Vicar of Winfield, Winter 
JNelis, Prince’s St. Germain, New Winter Beurre, are 
all very highly recommended, as well as Easter Beurre, 
for the best long keeper, and the Pound and Catillac as 
large productive cooking varieties. Doyenne Goubalt 
promises highly, and deserves extensive trial. Aremberg 
and Glout Morceau have disappointed expectation so far. 
Apples.—T he committee do not go into detail, but 
particularly commend the Gravenstein, Dyer, Red Cana¬ 
da, Melon, and Northern Spy ; and also those standard 
old varieties, the Rhode Island Greening, Baldwin, 
Roxbury Russet, Spitzenburgh, Swaar, and [ Westfield'] 
Seek-no further. 
—-•-»-»- 
Curl in the Peach. 
This malady, which has of late years become so formida- 
le, causing in frequent instances, the young fruit to drop to 
the ground, and the lessening or destroying the crop, has 
induced a great deal of examination and inquiry, with 
very little satisfactory result. All our observations and 
experiments, however, point towards keeping the tree in 
a vigorous state of growth, by means of manure, good 
culture, and a free shortening.in of the branches, as be¬ 
ing the best mode of lessening the disaster. 
As to its cause, doctors disagree. Frost, minute in¬ 
sects, a fungus or mildew, and an epidemic like the cho¬ 
lera and potato rot, have all had their earnest advocates. 
Very careful and minute examinations the present sea¬ 
son, during all the stages of growth, from the first pro¬ 
trusion of the point of the young leaf, to its full expan¬ 
sion, by means of a very powerful sextuple achromatic 
microscope, failed to reveal the least appearance of either 
insect or parasitic plant. All that could be seen, was at 
first faint discolorations of the cellular tissues, w'hich 
gradually increased till the leaf became a rough, distorted 
mass of disease. 
Rose Insects—Striped Bug. 
Extract from a letter dated Greaifield, 7 mo. 5, 1852, 
“ Our rose leaves have been much damaged by a small 
greenish (not green,) worm, which leaves the nervures 
and feeds on the parenchymous parts, so that the frame¬ 
work remains, though its verdure has departed. The 
other morning I threw air-slacked lime over them, and 
am strongly inclined to believe their work is at an end. 
u The Striped-bug fares no better when he is limed 
among the cucumbers. I cannot discover that the lirne 
hurts the leaves.” 
Absurdities—Cross-cultivati on. 
In a recent letter, a correspondent writes ,—“ A rose 
was lately taken to a sewing society at-, which at¬ 
tracted much attention. It was described to me by one 
who was present, when I brought Tricolor d’Orleans 
from my garden, and it was pronounced the same. The 
report was, that it was obtained of-- ——, and that 
his wife had twisted the roots of a red and white rose 
together—that they twain became one, and this striped 
rose was the result. 
“ Well, I mentioned the circumstance to a company 
at my house, and —--— declared she had performed 
a similar operation, (with other sorts, however,) and the 
consequence was a new fine rose!” 
‘ Can these things be, 
£ And overcome us like a summer cloud 
‘ Without our special wonder?’ 
“ I have no doubt she believes in the truth of her 
statement. So do people believe that two half buds of 
an apple tree may be soldered into one, and make a par¬ 
ti-flavored fruit; and I am prepared to believe it,—as soon 
as they shall take two buds from my hand, and produce 
an apple, half and half, from two very different sizes, fla¬ 
vors, and colors, with a month’s difference in the time 
of ripening. 
u How is it about planting two potatoes of different 
colors together, [in the same hill?] It is said the off¬ 
spring will be mottled! Who has carefully tried the ex¬ 
periment? If the Newtown Pippin roughens the bark 
below the graft, in the course of a year or two, why may 
not one potato affect another of a different color?” 
Rrmarks. —We can perceive no difference in the ab¬ 
surdity of twisting two rose roots, or of planting two po¬ 
tatoes together, to produce a mixed result. Either of 
them strikes us as very much like twisting the legs of a 
black and white calf together, to produce a spotted heif¬ 
er. There are but two ways in which a combination of 
qualities in two plants can take place. One is the pro¬ 
duction of a new variety, that is, a new individual, by 
means of seed ; and the other is cementing together two 
portions of two distinct individuals, as in budding and 
grafting. 
By seed—cross-fertilization, or dusting the pistils of one 
plant from the anthers of another, will produce a new 
individual, possessing more or less of the properties of 
both, intimately blended, so that the smallest shoot on 
any part of the plant will furnish a perfect specimen of 
the combination in any other part. 
But in a union by placing the parts together, this inti¬ 
mate blending can never take place. The graft and the 
stock both retain their distinct identity. When a pear 
is grafted on a quince, the graft is a complete pear, and the 
stock a complete quince. If two halved buds could pos¬ 
sibly be made to grow after being cut through the heart, 
one side of the tree would be of one sort, and the other 
side of the other sort. The mixture could not extend 
up through the hundred branches and shoots. In the 
case of the Newtown Pippin, (and in every other grafted 
tree,) the growing wood of the stock is elaborated and 
furnished by the leaves of the graft, and hence some¬ 
thing of the peculiarity of the latter is imparted to the 
former for the time being, and in a very slight degree; 
