14 
AUSTRALASIAN ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. 
on shell characters; the latter are, in my opinion, more entitled to consideration in 
classification, more especially as they have been shown to exist also in Middle or Early 
Tertiary shells alike in the Antarctic, New Zealand and Australia, and are thus 
apparently characters of considerable permanence. The truth seems to be that the 
absence of cirri socles can be correlated with the size of the species whether it be referable 
to Liothyrina or Liothyrella. 
Liothyrella fulva Blochmann. 
(Plate XV, figs. 20, 21, 22; plate XVII, fig. 53). 
1880. Terebratula uva (in part) Davidson, Voy. Challenger, Zook, vol. 1, 
Brachiopoda, pp. 31-32, plate II, figs. 3, 4 (not of Broderip). 
1886. Liothyris uva (in part) Davidson, Trans. Linn. Soc., Zook, vol. 4, pt. 1, 
pp. 10-11. 
1906. Liothyrina fulva Blochmann, Zook Anz., Bd. XXX, p. 698. 
1908. Liothyrina fulva Blochmann, Zeits. f. wissensch. Zook, Bd. XC, pp. 
617-618, Taf. XXXVIII, fig. 22, a-b, Taf. XXXIX, fig. 26. 
1914. Liothyrina fulva Blochmann, Pap. & Proc. Boy. Soc. Tasm. for 1913, 
pp. 112-114, plate X, figs. 1—6, plate XII, figs. 12a, 12b. 
Habitat. — Off Maria Island, Tasmania, 12th December, 1912, 65 fathoms. Col¬ 
lected by Mr. T. T. Flynn. A single specimen. 
The shell is white in colour, fairly large, elongate ovate with the greatest width 
about the middle, the sides obtusely angled, the front truncate and gently rounded. 
Both valves are convex, the ventral strongly so, and show neither fold nor sinus. The 
anterior commissures are straight. The hinge line is short and curved. The beak is 
moderately produced, erect, truncated by a fairly large foramen which is epithyrid 
and labiate, but does not entirely hide the narrow concave pseudodeltidium. The beak 
ridges are not prominent. The surface of the valves show numerous fairly prominent 
growth lines and a very fine radial ornament, only visible under favourable conditions 
of lighting. 
The loop is short, extending only one-third the length of the dorsal valve, and is 
relatively narrow. The transverse band is composed of a broad ribbon, sharply arched 
in the middle to form a ventrally directed ridge. The crura are very short, but the 
crural bases relatively long and with broad triangular discrete hinge plates separating 
them from the widely diverging socket ridges. The cardinal process is lamellar and 
fairly high. The muscular impressions are fairly strong, those of the abductors being 
separated by a low but sharp median ridge running nearly to the umbo and showing 
clearly on the exterior of the shell. 
The mantle has four sinuses in each valve but the middle pair are much more 
prominent, and corresponding to them are internal grooves in the sheik The sinuses 
