172 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXI, No. a 
Chloroform alone appears to be better than chenopodium alone, and 
thymol makes a very poor showing. 
ANTE-MORTEM AND POST-MORTEM CONDITIONS 
In recommending that a drug be used as an anthelmintic, the question 
of safety must be given as much consideration as that of efficacy. As 
regards the treatment of dogs, the writer has administered carbon tetra- 
chlorid to 30 dogs in doses of 0.1 to 1.5 m. p. k., the latter dose being 
five times the dose required to obtain dependable efficacy against hook¬ 
worms, and has observed symptoms of any disturbance in only 1 dog, in 
which case the drug was given at the rate of 1 m. p. k., half of this dose 
being given without capsules. In this case the prompt evidence of 
intoxication was obviously due to inhalation, and the effect was very 
transient, disappearing in. a few minutes. This dog was not killed and 
is alive 4 months later with no evidence of delayed poisoning of any sort. 
Of the 29 dogs examined post mortem, 14 were killed with illuminating 
gas, 9.with chloroform, and 6 by shooting. It seems advisable in experi¬ 
ments of this sort to use different methods of killing, as the method used 
modifies the post-mortem picture, a fact which the writer (7) has already 
emphasized. The methods used here require that the post-mortem 
findings be made with the following facts in mind: Illuminating gas 
produces the characteristic picture of carbon-monoxid poisoning, with 
the peculiar pink color of the blood and with this pink color present 
over a large part of the digestive mucosa. Chloroform produces a con¬ 
gestive condition of the digestive tract, of the liver and kidneys, and of 
other organs. Shooting through the head produces characteristic lesions 
in the form of hemorrhages in the heart or lungs or both, and where the 
hemorrhage from the bullet wound is severe, the organs, especially the 
liver and kidneys, are light-colored from loss of blood. These dogs were 
shot with a .38-caliber revolver, causing profuse bleeding. As previ¬ 
ously noted (7), a .22-caliber revolver, properly used, is large enough. 
With the foregoing facts in mind, the 29 dogs were examined and the 
following conditions found: The heart was normal. The lungs, aside 
from a negligible anthracosis in some cases, showed a few apparent 
ecchymoses in 2 dogs killed with illuminating gas, and some areas of 
apparent local inflammation in 3 dogs killed with illuminating gas and 
in 2 dogs killed with chloroform. The liver was apparently normal 
macroscopically and showed nothing resembling the acute yellow necro¬ 
sis produced by chloroform in doses of 0.3 m. p. k. or less. The spleen 
was normal or showed in 1 or 2 cases conditions not related to the carbon 
tetrachlorid. The kidneys showed the pathological conditions which are 
almost always present in dogs, but nothing that could be attributed to 
the carbon tetrachlorid. The bladder showed petechiae in 2 cases—not 
altogether rare in dogs—and seemed somewhat congested where the mix¬ 
tures of thymol or chenopodium were used. The stomach was catarrhal 
