35 2 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXI, No. s 
the ration and by determining the heat production. From a comparison 
of two determinations the heat increment caused by a pound of feeding 
stuff can be determined. The data for the heat increment caused by 
different feeding stuffs are average figures computed by Armsby and 
Fries (4, 5) from the results of their own experiments and those of Kellner 
and Kohler (11,12,13) on beef cattle and are given in Table II in calories 
per pound of dry matter. The corresponding figures for dairy cows 
would probably be somewhat less, but how much less has not yet been 
determined. 
Table II .—Increment of heat production by cattle per pound of dry matter consumed 
Feeding stuffs. 
Experimenters. 
Energy 
expendi¬ 
ture. 
Roughage: 
Calories. 
Timothy hay. 
Armsby and Fries. 
354.7 
441-3 
422.7 
444.5 
530.3 
474.O 
5 68.8 
A 2 A . 6 
Red clover hay. 
.do. 
Do.. 
Kellner and Kohler. 
Mixed hay. 
Armsby and Fries. 
Alfalfa hay. 
.do. : . 
** Grass hay M . 
Kellner and Kohler. 
Meadow hay. 
.do. 
Rowen. 
.do. 
Corn stover. 
Armsby and Fries. 
483.1 
397-8 
460.0 
516.2 
526.2 
583-3 
619.2 
533-9 
443-6 
547-9 
456.8 
525-7 
448.2 
566.1 
783-4 
95 °- 8 
Barley straw. 
Kellner and Kohler. 
Oat straw. 
.do. 
Wheat straw. 
.do. 
Straw pulp. 
.do. 
Concentrates: 
Com meal. 
Armsby and Fries. 
Hominy chop. 
.do. 
WTheat bran. 
. .. .do. 
Cottonseed meal. 
Kellner and Kohler. 
Linseed meal. 
.do. 
Palmnut meal. 
.do. 
Peanut meal. 
.do. 
Beet molasses. 
.do. 
Starch. 
.do. 
Peanut oil. 
.do... 
Wlieat gluten..... 
.do. 
In its relations to stable ventilation the computation of the heat pro¬ 
duction of cattle is of special interest in the case of dairy cows, since in 
cold climates these animals are almost always stabled during the winter 
while beef cattle are quite commonly fed in the open. The computations 
for cows are therefore given in considerable detail in the following para¬ 
graphs. 
Typical weights and rations or dairy cows 
Obviously, no single value can be given for the heat production of the 
dairy, cow, since it varies widely according to the size of the animal and 
the amount of feed consumed. All that is possible is to select certain 
typical live weights and rations and to compute the corresponding heat 
production as illustrations of the method in its application to specific 
