4S6 Journal of Agricultural Research voi. xxi, n». 7 
TECHNIC OF THE EXPERIMENT 
The determinations of yield to indicate the effect of alleys on first, 
second, and third rows on either side of each plot were made on the 
wheat, oat, and barley varieties at University Farm. 
A rate of seeding test for oats has been conducted at University Farm 
for a number of years. The rates used vary from 48 to 112 pounds per 
acre, which gives a wide variation in the number of seedlings per acre 
in the spring and in the number of culms per acre at maturity. This 
material served for the purpose of border effect determinations, as well 
as for that which it was originally outlined. The various scalings, 
both in the variety tests and. in, the rate of seeding tests, are made on 
the same day, as far as possible, usually in early April, and the grain is 
harvested during the last week in July or the first week in August. 
The soil at University Farm is a Hempstead silt loam, which is not 
representative of any large area of the State. In order to secure a varia¬ 
tion in soil and other environment, the rate of seeding test was dupli¬ 
cated at the Morris Substation, which is located 011 a fine silt loam of 
Young Gray Drift formation. This is a soil more representative of a 
large area of the State than that on which the University Farm is located. 
There were four regularly distributed plots of each variety of oats, 
wheat, and barley at University Farm. In the rates of seeding tests at 
the Morris Substation there were 3 plots of each rate except the 96- 
pound rate, of which there were 5 additional used as controls. At Uni¬ 
versity Farm there were 2 of each rate on 5 different methods of seedbed 
preparations, making 10 in all for each rate. 
At Morris the plots were made up of 12 six-inch drill rows, a total 
width of 6 feet. The length was 130 feet. At University Farm the plots 
were made up of 17 six-inch drill rows, a width of 8.5 feet. For the 
variety test the length was 129 feet, and for the rate of seeding test 132 
feet. The borders on the ends of the plots next to the roads were removed 
accurately before harvest by trimming to a line established by a wire 
stretched shortly after planting. 
Alleys 11^2 feet wide extended between each two plots. They were 
cultivated to keep them reasonably free from weeds. The variety test 
plots extended north and south, and the rate of seeding plots at both 
locations extended east and west. 
At Morris the series on which the test was conducted had been in 
meadow the year previous. Grain crops appear to be retarded, in some 
instances, following meadow as compared with following corn or a grain 
which has followed corn. The latter part of the growing season was 
without rainfall, which made conditions for the grain crop still less satis¬ 
factory. The University Farm tests followed corn in regular rotations, 
and the rainfall during the growing season was ample. 
