July i, 1921 
Further Experiments in Field Technic in Plot Tests 
491 
For the rates of seeding tests at Morris, there is a rather uniform increase 
in yield averaging 12.6 bushels higher with no border rows removed as 
compared with yields when two rows were removed from either side of 
each plot. At University Farm the average increase was 10.8 bushels. 
When the outside border rows only were removed, the yields at Morris 
were from 1.7 bushels to 4.6 bushels higher than when both outside and 
inside borders were removed. At University Farm the removal of the 
outside border row appears to have done away with any border effect. 
In the variety test at University Farm, in 1918, inclusion of the out¬ 
side rows increased the yields of the oat crop 7.5 bushels, the wheat crop 
4.4 bushels, and the barley 5.1 bushels. Including the three border 
rows on either side of each plot increased the yields of the oats 9.1, the 
wheat 5.7, and the barley 6.9 bushels. In 1917, the increases in yield 
due to border effect were still more marked. 
On farms where crops are produced on Fields of considerable size, 
border effect is negligible on account of the relatively small proportion 
of the field in border. Yields reported from plots, the borders of which 
have not been removed are therefore probably somewhat misleading, in 
that they are higher than those which would be secured from large 
fields under the same conditions. However, the more important con¬ 
sideration is the effect of borders on the relative yields of the different 
treatments in cultural tests and of the several varieties in tests of that 
nature. 
The yields with the standard deviations and the rank at each rate of 
seeding for the oats at Morris and University Farm are given in Table VL 
Table VI .—Comparison of average yields per acre from plots having alleys on sides 
and ends with no border rows removed , with one border row removed , and with two border 
rows removed from either side of each plot, for various rates of seeding of oats 
Location and rate of 
seeding (in pounds 
per acre). 
Num¬ 
ber of 
plots. 
No border rows removed. 
One border row removed. 
Two border rows re¬ 
moved. 
i 
Yield 
per 
acre. 
Rank. 
Standard 
deviation. 
Yield 
per 
acre. 
Rank. 
Standard 
deviation. 
Yield 
per 
acre. 
Rank. 
Standard 
deviation. 
Morris Substation: 
Bush. 
Bush. 
Bush. 
48. 
3 
48. 0 
5 
6. 45 ± l. 78 
40. 7 
5 
5. 52 i I. 52 
36.8 
5 
6. 78^ 1. 87 
64. 
3 
S 4 -o 
4 
. 46^ . 12 
44 - 7 
4 
1. io± . 30 
41. 2 
4 
i.84± .51 
80. 
3 
59 - 9 
1 
2. 49± . 69 
50. 4 
1 
. 98± . 26 
45-8 
1 
1. 44 i .40 
96. 
8 
58 . 7 
2 
5. 93 ±1.63 
48. 9 
2 
6. 57± 1. 81 
45 - 4 
2 
7- 31 ±2. 01 
112. 
3 
55- 0 
3 
4. 46 ± 1. 23 
45 - 1 
3 
5 - 75 ± 1. 58 
43 - 4 
3 
7 - 73 ±2. 13 
Average. 
55 - 1 
3 - 96 
45-9 
3 - 98 
42. 5 
e 02 
0 * 
University Farm: 
48. 
10 
80. 4 
5 
7. 03 ± 1. 66 
72. 0 
4 
7. 64^1. 15 
72.3 
4 
7- 97 ±i- 20 
64 . 
10 
80. s 
4 
5. 77 ± .87 
70.9 
5 
4. 22 ± . 64 
72. 2 
5 
3 -« 4 ± .52 
80. 
10 
93 - 0 
1 
7. 74±i. 17 
75 - 7 
3 
6. 20± . 94 
76. 1 
2 
7. 66± 1. 16 
96. 
10 
88. 8 
2 
7. 33 ±i- ii 
79 - 5 
1 
6. 89 ± 1 . 04 
79 - 3 
1 
7 - 72 ±i. 17 
11 3 . 
10 
86.9 
3 
5 - 24 ± • 79 
75-8 
3 
4. 70L . 71 
75 - 5 
3 
4 - 98 i . 75 
Average. 
8S- 9 
6 . 6a 
74. 8 
5 - 93 
75 - 1 
6. 43 
48495°—21 -G 
