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advent of British rule had ensured peace; formerly they were further 
back in the hills, and it is to these former sites that they are being 
moved. This procedure will also lessen the chance of natives crossing 
the river surreptitiously. 
2. Minor Measures. 
A. Clearing. 
In those cases in which the villages cannot be moved, the 
surrounding land must be cleared. The extent to which this must be 
done appears to be variable. Dutton and Todd advise 300 yards, 
while in Uganda, Dr. Hodges^ states that a break of 50 yards (in 
the case of Gl. palpalis) is sufficient to banish them from their 
natural haunts. In this connection Madona affords a striking 
example. On either side of the ferry, the whole shore has been 
absolutely cleared for a distance of 200 yards. Beyond this again the 
land is planted with gardens for some distance (about 500 yards to 
the East and 700 to the West). From the river’s edge the clearing 
extends back for 350 yards, and in the middle of this clearing, some 
225 yards from the river, the various residences and offices are placed. 
The river here is over 400 yards in width. It will thus be seen that 
the clearing more than satisfies the most exacting demand that has 
yet been made, but in spite of its extent, specimens of Gl. palpalis 
have been seen and caught on at least half a dozen occasions on the 
verandahs of some of the buildings, and this too when there was no 
possibility of them having been accidentally carried from the bushy 
part of the shore. We would, therefore, consider it more advisable 
to move villages from fly-infested locations than to leave them in 
small clearings. The native is notoriously lazy and careless, and 
even if forced to make clearings, would allow them to grow up again 
unchecked unless continuously supervised. In cases where villages 
have to be left, we would insist on the 300 yard clearing as the very 
smallest that should be allowed. 
B. Education of the natives. 
The relationship existing between tsetse flies and sleeping sickness 
should be explained to the chiefs, and the importance of placing their 
villages in fly-free country. So far as Rhodesia is concerned, most 
of the natives know from practical experience that cattle and sheep 
