i6o 
I will not tire the reader by a long anatomiral description of the 
structures at issue ; suffice it to state that up to this day 1 have 
personally found only one type in the structure of the internal 
genital organs of the female, although the uterus may contain in one 
specimen ova with a terminal, and in another specimen o« 
with a lateral spine. The position of the spine rlocs not depend upon 
a preformed difference in the internal structure (which, of course, 
changes its shape somewhat with the contractions of the body), but 
on the relative ]:)osition of llie egg during the prcfccss of its formation 
in the ootype. I have tried to show this in a tliagramniatic drawing 
which has recently been copied in various l>ooks on Bilharziosis; I 
may mention in passing that in this figure tlie laleral-spined is 
placed unusually steep; I have in the meantime come across worms 
in which the axis of the egg laj' almost at right angles to tJic .xxis of 
the ootype. Dr. Sambon ignores llic existence of lliis dravsing as 
well as the descriptions of Leuc’KART and myself; I should like to 
submit that he will have to account for them if lie wants to maintain 
Sck. mansoni as an independent species. 
On the whole, the zoological characters of the new species areas 
vague as they can possibly be. Dr. Sambon is liimself aware of that 
and refers to a case where, in one instance, ornithologists have 
based a new species solely upon the character of the egg. I am not 
m a position to criticise the actions of ornithologists; but the 
fact that they find something justified is for me not in itself a reason 
to consider the same thing as justifiable also in hclmintholog)'. I 
mention, by the way. that tlic new species of bird wiD 
certainly not be generally accepted unless it can be shown that the 
aberrant shape of the egg is reasonably constant. 
Ihe details thus far mentioned are in the main of a technical 
the native. T sliould not Iiave been compelled to enter up('n 
hem had not Dr. Sambon tried to show that the foundation ol Sd 
Justifiable from the zoological standpoint. That rt 
fact not even to the non-siiecialist by another 
fact not b Dr. Sambon. The fact is'that in ^Egypt 
female ^^TP ^^ same individual 
been known riow 57 years old and might have 
r. Sambon. had he studied the papers of those 
