172 
that when I first read the author’s own statements the statistai 
observations indeed seemed to strongly favour his view. Howere 
on testing the evidence somewhat more seriously, I find that matta 
change their aspect considerably. Unfortunately, a number of 
papers on which tlie evidence js based are not actually within i) 
reach, and cannot, therefore, be compared. From those 1 possess 
I see that Dr. SAMliON quotes the literature in a rather unosuL 
manner. 
Beginning with the West Indies it is true that according to the 
report by Dr. lloLCOMB (1907). rectal liilharziosis is very coiumon c 
those parts and vesical infection is rare. That the latter is actoail; 
absent cannot be said, for liOLCOMB enumerates four cases (ccc 
in a man from Guatemala, two in persons from Panama and oneiaa 
Porto Rican) in which the urine contained the terrainal-spiiiHi 
ova, in one case even combined with the presence of lateral-spinf 
ova in the faeces. Dr. Sambon does not mention these cases, bi 
only says that'endemic liaematuria ' is not known hi the West Indie 
Holcomb states that he was not informed where, in the four case 
the infection was obtained. Since it sliould not have been diffioi 
to find out whether the infected persons had been to Africa, onenia 
think reasonably assume tliat the infection was acquired in loo 
At any rate, there is no proof tliat it was not of local origii 
f ^ place great weight on tliese cases, owing to tli 
ac t at the place of infection is, though fairly clear, yet® 
^ ^ consider it as more important that Di 
MB as recently himself observed a case of urinary bilharziosi 
ttZTTZ important case is that con 
Letut carefully studied by Letulle (1905,’ 
penir t‘ ^ yet know of Sc/t. mansoni and the specific patbi> 
found th w he en.phaticallv slates thati* 
fsTons fh ", in 
c orp'a n v -'.anson,^ were seen i. 
The dime ^ 1*^"^ ‘^™inal-spined eggs of Sch. hiemaldt* 
of Sch. hcenmoHum If”^ 
considerably in siie ‘he fact that the latter inaea* 
Sambon mentions LetuTms ‘"‘"htyonic development » 
ziosis’ fp but ^ 'Mansons Bilhar 
(P- 32), but he does not mention that in this case (it ^ 
