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far as I am aware, the first case of ‘ MANyON’s Bilharziosis ’ 
thoroughly studied from a pathological point of view) both forms 
of eggs were found. 
Passing now to Africa, Sch. hcematobium is, according to Dr. 
Sambon, alone present in Cape Colony. He refers to Harley’s 
observations and quotes from this author’s article: ‘ In all my own 
cases I can positively say that only one form of egg has existed, 
namely, that with a terminal spine. Variation in the size, length, 
and outline of the egg is often observable, but I have never seen any 
egg with even a tendency to the formation of a side spine. I even 
doubt whether this peculiar form exists in the Dislomum hcematobium 
itself.’ I have unfortunately no access to Harley’s paper, but 
Leuckhart also mentions it, and he says : ‘ Restricted exclusively 
to the possibility of examining the urine of his patients HARLEY had 
no knowledge of the existence of the eggs with lateral spines, and, 
therefore, considered the worms as a species dilferent from that of 
Egypt’ (p. 507). It is thus true that HarlEY observed terminal- 
spined eggs only, but, unless Leuckart’s remark is incorrect (for 
which assumption there is not the slighest reason), simply because 
he had no occasion to examine faeces in which the lateral 
spines are found. Dr. SaMBON then refers to the observations of 
Brock, and quotes = ‘ that Brock and others stated that they had 
never encountered the egg with the lateral spine. But, here again, 
Brock himself says (p. 6) : ‘ I have only been able to study the ova 
as they appear in the urine of patients suffering from Bilharzia. 1 
will not ask how it is possible that Dr. SAMBON makes such mis¬ 
leading statements in an article which apparently claims to be taken 
seriously. For there is no doubt that the observations of Harley 
and Brock are anything but demonstrative of the absence of 
lateral-spined eggs in South Africa, as Dr. SAMBON makes it appear 
by his quotations. As to the observations made in the Congo Free 
State, I am sorry that I have no access to the original article, and, 
therefore, cannot say how far its contents correspond to the summary 
given by SamboN. In the discussion Dr. Low states that in 
Uganda he saw exclusively rectal cases, but often also terminal- 
spined eggs ' in the rectum ’ (igoy, p. 45). 
Looking at this geographical evidence, as it now appears, the 
observer will first be struck by the fact that it has entirely lost its 
