38 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
We sell liest quality fruit trees, shrubs and plants 
at one-half the nursery agent's price—and pay the 
freight. All stock is northern grown, hardy and 
healthy. All orders guaranteed. 
GET THIS FREE BOOK NOW 
Tells just what you want to know about selecting, plant* 
ine and growing all nursery stock. Contains a 
.- -v big list of unequalled bargains. Don’t buy until 
^■ A you’ve read this book. Send postal today. 
RICHLAND NURSERIES 
Box 200 Rochester, N.Y. 
Freight PAID 
RUIT 
Big Profits from Alfalfa 
Have you over stopped to consider that by 
growing this wonderful forage crop you can 
make your land earn from $50 00 to $100.00 per 
acre. To successfully grow Alfalfa there must 
be nitrogen-gathering bacteria in tne soil. 
The Standard Inoculation 
FARMogerM 
High-Bred Nitrogen-Gathering Bacteria ® 
will supply, not only enough bacteria to benefit 
the Alfalfa crop, but enough to enrich the soil 
for several following crops of other kinds. 
Write for Free Booklet No. 54 
EARP-THOMAS FARMOGERM CO. 
Bloomfield New Jersey 
F.... 
/■ We deal direct with you—no agents. Our 
prices one-half Whal agents charge. W 
save you the agents’ profits. 
We pay freight $7.50 or over. 
If any tree is not true to name and healthy, 
■we replace it. Send for free catalogue, brim¬ 
ful of valuable information. Write today. 
Wm. P. Rupert & Son, Box 20, Seneca, H. Y. 
Trees —Plants—Vines yij 
in small or large lots at wholesale , 
prices. Catalog and Green’s Fruit! 
Hook—FREF. Green’s Nursery Co. i 
46 Wall St., Rochester, N. Y. 
FRUIT TREES $10.00 Per 100 Z he VA 
quality, healthy, hardy, our own growing, guaranteed 
true t.> name. Write for special prices, freight paid. 
Buy direct and get the host at lowest cost. Illustrated 
Catalog free. Denton, WllUiims A- Denton, Whole¬ 
sale Nurserymen, lid Him Street, Dunsvllle, IS'. Y. 
/ 2' Fruitlrees fv-94<t 
I irst class 2 yr. old, 4 to 5 ft., fresh dug. 1 
Baldwin, 1 Banana, 1 McIntosh, 1 Red Astra- 
I ehanapple; 1 Bartlett pear; 1 Montmorency, 
I 1 Early Richmond cherry; 1 German prune, 
1 Monarch plum; 1 Champion, 1 Crawford. 
1 El berta peach.—all for 94 cents. Regular 
price 62 . 00 . Write for Free Catalogue. 
L. W. HALL & CO. Established 1879. 
1 616 Cutler Bldg., Rochester. N. Y. 
r 4 &. All hardy stock— twice trans- 
planted—root pruned. Pro- , 
tect buildings, stock, crops. 
Hill’s Evergreen Book, illustra- 
fcw&e: ted in colors. Free. Write todayd 
». lllll Nursery Co., Ine., 212 Cedar St.,j 
■ IP. II I I I A UTNCI » \ a' “ 
p Dundee, III. Evergreen Specialists d 
THE PECAN BUSINESS 
In a concise booklet, FREE. Every 
point mentioned from planting the nuts 
to gathering the nuts. Written from 
practical results, over 20 years’ experience 
NUTS AND TREES FOR SALE 
B. W. STONE, Thomasville, Ga. 
DWARF APPLE TREES 
DWARF PEAR TREES 
DWARF PLUM TREES 
DWARF CHERRY TREES 
DWARF PEACH TREES 
CATALOGUE FltEE 
Box R The Van Dusen Nurseries 
Geneva, N. Y. W. L. McKAY, Proprietor 
l EACH AND APPLE TREES 
St. Regis Raspberry. Prices Right—Stock Right. 
MYER & SONS, - Bridgeville, Delaware 
“FRIEND”SPRAYERS MAKEGOOD 
Gentlemen:—The more out fits I see, the firmer 
is my belief that the "Friend” is in ;t class by 
itself. A. O. Eckert. 
December 23, 1913. Belleville, Illinois, 
“FRIEND” MANUFACTURING CO. 
GASPORT, Niagara County, New York 
20 Crops of Potatoes 
Av. 322 Bush, per Acre 
$500 AWARDED 
BOWKER PRIZE WINNERS 
Northern Zone (Maine, N. H., Vt.) 
$100 1st Prize A. B. Cobb, Lee, Me. 
50 2nd “ O. B. Keene, Liberty, Me. 
30 3rd “ J. L. Demeritt, Sangerville, Me. 
25 4th “ Frank J. Hersey, Dexter, Me. 
20 5th “ D. L. Brett, Oxford, Me. 
15 6th “ W. S. Hodges, Phillips, Me. 
10 7th “ R. J. Martin, Rochester, Vt. 
Gratuity. Geo. E. Burditt, Rochester, Vt. 
Southern Zone (Mass., R. I., Conn.) 
$100 1st Prize A. W. Butler, Brockton. Mass. 
50 2nd “ Jos. Howland, Taunton, Mass. 
30 3rd “ Henry A. Wyman, Rock, Mass. 
25 4th “ Edwin L. Lewis, Taunton, Mass. 
20 5th “ W. C. Endicott, Danvers, Mass. 
15 6th “ Luther Holton, N. Franklin, Ct. 
10 7th “ Dudley P. Rogers, Danvers, Mass. 
Send us your name for complete and instructive 
statement concerning - the results of the contest and 
how these great yields of potatoes were obtained. No 
other fertilizer than the Stockbridge Potato Manure 
was used. 
TieM in 
Complete 
Points incluu ; 
starch, » *c . • l 
liuabels 
cooking qu-l. jr 
502.6 
690 
418.6 
660 
405.5 
615 
465.8 
607 
400. 
525 
311.1 
523 
331.8 
520 
457.8 
634 
363.1 
589 
344.9 
574 
342.5 
558 
260.2 
515 
217.7 
503 
183.8 
450 
185.7 
430 
BOWKER 
FERTILIZER COMPANY 
43 Chatham Street, Boston, Mass. 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal. ’ See guarantee editorial page. : : : 
Culture of Rape. 
What fertilization is required to grow 
a crop of rape? o. K. 
Hartford, Conn. 
Rape is one of the most useful forage 
crops available for swine feeding. Pre¬ 
ferably it should be seeded early in the 
Spring in rows 24 inches apart, utilizing 
about six pounds of the Dwarf Essex 
variety of seed per acre. If it is not 
convenient to drill the seed in rows it 
can be broadcast, in which case it will 
require from six to 10 pounds of, seed 
per acre. The animals should not be 
turned in the rape field until the plants 
are from nine to 11 inches high, and care 
should he exercised in keeping the ani¬ 
mals out of the lield when the ground is 
very wet or muddy, for their presence in 
the field during such time would be waste¬ 
ful of the forage. At no time should the 
rape plants he grazed off closely to the 
ground, and therefore, animals should 
never be permitted to pasture the field 
too closely. The plants do much better 
and grow more rapidly in case they have 
some size. Some corn should he fed in 
addition to the rape if it is intended to 
fatten the animals, and brood sows, not 
suckling pigs can he maintained entire¬ 
ly on this crop if necessary. The crop 
is particularly useful for feeding grow¬ 
ing animals, and furnishes most excel¬ 
lent succulence for brood sows suckling 
pigs. A very common practice in the 
corn belt is to seed the rape in the corn 
just prior to the last cultivation of the 
corn, and then just before heavy frosts 
turn the pigs in the cornfield, and let 
them harvest the corn as well as the rape. 
It is doubtful whether pigs weighing 125 
pounds will fatten any more rapidly than 
under such conditions, and it is a useful 
and economical method of harvesting the 
corn and rape. A good fertilizer mix¬ 
ture to use for rape would be as follows: 
200 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds 
muriate of potash. 75 pounds nitrate of 
soda, and if iu addition a light coating of 
manure could be added, the crop will 
grow very vigorously. We have prac¬ 
ticed with good results the seeding of a 
mixture of oats, Canada field peas, rape 
and Red clover, and have been able to 
have a green forage crop that would last 
duriug the entire season. 
F. C. MIXKLER. 
Weight of an Acre. 
What is the average weight of an 
acre? e. m. m. 
Batavia, Ill. 
Hilgard in his book on soils says that 
an acre (43,500 square feet) one foot 
deep will weigh about as follows: sand 
4.000.000 pounds; loam 3.500,000; clay, 
3.250,000; humus or garden land and 
woods earth about 3.000.000, and peaty 
lands about 2.500.000. 
Importing Fruit Trees. 
I am thinking of sending to England 
for some fruit trees in the Spring. They 
will weigh about 12 pounds. Have you 
any idea how much the freight would he. 
or would they come by express? Will 
the custom house send them to me after 
duty is paid, or shall I have to go to 
New York to get them? H. ii. N. 
Carmel, N. Y. 
Some European nursery houses have 
representatives iu this country. In that 
case the business can he done here and the 
buyer saved the annoyance of looking 
after transportation and custom house 
matters. If doing the business direct, it 
will he necessary first to get a permit 
from the U. S. Department of Agricul¬ 
ture, Washington. D. C. This is a com¬ 
paratively recent ruling intended to keep 
out stock infested with insects or plant 
diseases. Tell them what you are to 
got and who from, and they will send 
you the. proper documents. For a small 
shipment the simplest way is to let your 
express company do the business. No 
doubt this has a foreign department with 
connections at the place where the trees 
will he shipped. When they arrive iu 
New York, the express company will send 
you a hill for charges and duty, and, 
when this is paid, will get them from 
the custom house and forward to your 
place. If all goes well, your shipment 
should he on the way within three or 
four days after it reaches New York, 
but sometimes there are complications. 
In one ease the writer was delayed 10 
days in getting such a shipment through 
the uogligeuce of the express company in 
attending to the custom house business. 
January 10, 
However, since the advent of parcel post 
it is noted that the mills of the express 
companies grind more rapidly than in 
former times. The transportation cost 
of such a package would run from $1 to 
$3, depending on where shipped. If the 
bundle could be made small enough to go 
by parcel post, it would be delivered to 
your local post office, with the bill for 
custom charge. 
HEN MANURE FOR ONIONS. 
You say to make hen manure most use¬ 
ful for general farm crops mix with each 
100 pounds 15 pounds phosphate and 10 
of muriate of potash. I wish to put in 
three acres of onions next Spring grown 
from sets; the land has been well fed, 
Crimson clover and rye now standing 
six inches high. Can I grow onions with 
that or would you advise York manure? 
IIow many pounds of hen manure would 
you use to the acre? Would you put it 
on top after setting onions, or before 
setting or would you use it for some¬ 
thing else? l. d. 
Newport, N. J. 
By “York manure” we suppose you 
mean New York stable manure. The 
clover and rye plowed under with hen 
manure ought to produce a good onion 
crop. We should plow the rye and clover 
deep and pack down with a roller. Have 
the hen manure crushed fine. You ought 
to use one ton of hen manure, 300 pounds 
acid phosphate and 200 of muriate to the 
acre. Broadcast the manure and chem¬ 
icals after rolling and then work them 
well into the soil with a harrow. Then 
set the onions and cultivate them well. 
Buckwheat as a Nurse-crop. 
In reply to P. M. who asks for ex¬ 
perience with buckwheat as a nurse crop 
for grass and clover; I will say that I 
have made a practice of sowing grass 
and clover with buckwheat for the past 
15 years, and I seldom if ever fail to get a 
stand. The buckwheat springs up rap¬ 
idly, and furnishes the necessary protec¬ 
tion to the young plants; and comes off 
in time for the young grass to have con¬ 
siderable time to grow before freezing 
weather sets in. The buckwheat has 
the advantage over wheat, oats and other 
crops as a nurse crop, since it keeps 
down the weeds and the ground is left 
when the crop comes off with nothing 
but the buckwheat stubble and grass and 
young clover on the ground. Then again 
the soil is left loose and in ideal condi¬ 
tion for the young crop fo do its best. 
With me the buckwheat has been the 
most successful nurse crop that I have 
ever tried, and I usually get enough 
buckwheat to pay me well for preparing 
the soil, sowing it and gathering the 
crop, besides a nice, cleau uniform stand 
of grass and clover. a. j. legg. 
West Virginia. 
We have the best success with buck¬ 
wheat as a nurse crop for clover and 
all grain provided always the ground is 
rich enough to bring clover. V. H. 
Shohola, Pa. 
Here in New York buckwheat is sown 
about the first of July, and that clover 
does not get good enough start to hold. 
When the frost goes out in the Spring 
I prefer rye or oats. J. w. 
Ilamondsport, N. Y. 
My experience finds buckwheat an ex¬ 
cellent nurse crop to Alfalfa and Crimson 
clover. Iu the early Spring of 1909 
I wanted to sow one acre of southern 
sloped hillside to Alfalfa, hut fearing 
a drought and the hot Summer, made me 
somewhat undecided. However I re¬ 
solved to sow the Alfalfa and try buck¬ 
wheat for a nurse crop. I sowed the 
buckwheat with the drill (one-lmlf bushel 
to acre) and the Alfalfa with the hand 
seeder, running over with the horse hay- 
rake to cover Alfalfa seed. It was a 
great success, and after I cut the buck¬ 
wheat the Alfalfa was so well started 
that it required a clipp’ug in the latter 
part of August. I tried the same plan 
this year with Crimson clover. I had a 
piece of wheat stubble with no grass in 
it. I turned it, and on July 2(5 sowed 
it to buckwheat (one bushel to the acre) 
and Crimson clover for a cover crop. I 
waited with the clover for good weather 
conditions, and when all signs wore right 
for rain I sowed the seed, but wind came 
and dispersed the clouds, and no rain 
came for two weeks. In this time much 
of the clover was seed sun-scalded, hut 
where it found the least mositure it 
did well. Iu my estimation buckwheat 
is better than oats, as it is entirely free 
from au undergrowth, and gives all the 
room to the grass plants. I shall not 
hesitate to sow buckwheat as a nurse 
crop to all grasses. L. F. niciiols. 
Pennsylvania. 
