20 
0' H FC RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 3 r 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
T TNDER this heading we endeavor to give advice and 
suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains and 
fodders. No definite rules are given, but the advice is 
based upon experience and average analysis of foods. 
By “protein” is meant the elements in the food which go 
to make muscle or lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise 
the starch, sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel 
for the body, while “ fat ” is the pure oil found in foods. 
“ Dry matter ” means the weight of actual food left in 
fodder or grain when all the water is driven off. A 
“ narrow ration” means one in which the proportion of 
protein to carbohydrates is close—a “ wide” ration means 
one which shows a larger proportion of carbohydrates. 
Concentrates With Corn and Oats. 
What concentrates should be fed for 
milk with corn and oat chop? The corn 
is ground with cob. We have plenty of 
corn silage and hay, and corn fodder. 
Hay is part clover and Timothy mixed. 
Madison, O. ’ w. R. K. 
If you can 
mix with the 
equal parts by 
ton-seed meal. 
obtain cottonseed meal to 
corn and oat chop, using 
weight of chop and cot¬ 
it will he the best thing 
ties for the purpose of starting young 
chicks, when jt should be used even if 
it costs iy 2 cents per pound. To prepare 
bread for feeding to young chicks it is 
first cut into thin slices and dried in the 
oven until it is thoroughly dry and crisp, 
when it can he ground or rolled fine and 
mixed with raw eggs and rolled oats. 
The mixture to he crumbly when properly 
prepared for feeding. We also put a 
small quantity of grit and charcoal with 
this feed and season slightly with salt. 
Stale bread is prepared quite differently 
for hogs and ducks. For this purpose it 
is soaked with either milk or water and 
usually fed in a sloppy condition to hogs, 
hut after being soaked for ducks it is 
mixed with dry ground grain to the 
proper consistency before feeding. With 
grain selling at such high prices it is 
necessary to look for cheaper feeds for 
our stock if such can he found, and stale 
bread is certainly a help in the right 
direction. c. s. G. 
possible to balance the ration. Oil meal, 
buckwheat middlings, distiller’s dried 
grains or gluten feed would also he good 
to mix with the chop, their value being 
about in the order mentioned. c. L. 11 . 
Milk Ration. 
I should like your advice regarding 
balanced rations for dairy cows. For 
roughage we have hay, mostly clover, with 
some Timothy and Flue grass, also good 
cornstalks. From grains which we raise 
we have oats, corn and barley. We wish 
to feed these and supplement to make a 
balanced ration as economically as pos¬ 
sible. Should also like to ask what you 
would advise for fattening cattle. 
New York. m. e. d. 
To make an economical balanced ration 
you should feed all the hay your cows 
will eat twice a day morning and night, 
with a good feed of cut cornstalks at 
noon. For the grain ration I would ad¬ 
vise mixing two pounds corn, two pounds 
barley, and two pounds oats ground to¬ 
gether, with two pounds cotton-seed meal 
and four pounds of wheat bran or dried 
brewers’ or distillers’ grains. This will 
give you very nearly a balanced ration. 
The quantity to feed must be regulated 
by the condition your cows are in and the 
amount of milk they are giving. For 
mature cows in good condition and in full 
flow of milk 10 pounds a day of the mix¬ 
ture is a common allowance, divided into 
two feeds for morning and evening. For 
fattening cattle cornmeal or corn chop 
and hominy mixed, equal parts, make a 
very good combination, beginning with a 
very _ small amount and gradually in¬ 
creasing as the animals’ ability increases 
to digest the feed. c. s. G. 
Cow Rations. 
Will you give me a daily balanced ra¬ 
tion from the following feeds available: 
Wheat bran, cornmeal, oil meal (old pro¬ 
cess), beet pulp and clover hay. Cow is 
giving about 10 quarts of milk a day. 
Deuville, N. J. j. h. 
The following combination should meet 
the requirements in your case. Clover 
hay, 20 pounds, wheat bran, oil meal and 
cornmeal, two pounds each, and beet pulp 
one pound. The beet pulp should be 
soaked in water before feeding and mixed 
with the grain. c. L. si. 
Stale Bread for Stock. 
I have an opportunity to buy left¬ 
over baker’s bread for one cent per loaf. 
Would it be advisable to buy it? What 
value would it be to feed to hogs, chickens 
and ducks? Would it pay to purchase it 
and draw it 10 miles? j. l. k. 
Webster, N. Y. 
In my experience, wtiich has covered 
the use of large quantities of stale bread 
for several years, it appears to be very 
good feed for hogs, chickens and ducks 
when gathered and fed before it has been 
allowed to sour or mold. After it molds 
enough to turn dark colored it is unfit to 
feed. In regard to price, one cent per 
loaf is rather indefinite, as a loaf may 
weigh a pound or it may weigh half a. 
pound, and still be called a loaf. For 
this reason it is usually preferable to buy 
it by the pound. At one cent per pound 
we find this bread a profitable feed to 
use, but would not pay any more than 
this price for it except in small quanti- 
Ration for Cows and Heifers. 
I have one cow, two heifers, and two 
last Spring’s calves that I do not know 
how to feed. There is a large quantity 
of cornstalks, some hay, and oat and 
wheat straw. All grain must be bought 
except corn on the cob. At present I am 
giving bran mash twice a day to the 
calves and once a day to the heifers, and 
bran and gluten, equal parts, twice a 
day to the cow. For roughage feed corn¬ 
stalks twice and hay once daily. Am I 
on the right track? I want to give these 
animals a properly balanced ration to 
produce the best results and also to feed 
as economically as possible. s. 
East Aurora, N. Y. 
Y’our present system of feeding seems 
to be very good and if the animals are 
thriving properly there Is no reason for 
a radical change. The corn which you 
have (on the cob) must be ground before 
it will be suitable to feed. It can then 
constitute 25 to 40% of the grain ration 
for your cow and 10 to 15% of the ra¬ 
tion for the youngsters. Instead of feed¬ 
ing an exclusive bran mash would mix 
equal parts of bran middlings and ground 
oats with a little cornmeal added, and 
feed enough to keep them in a growing, 
thriving condition. Cornstalks can be 
profitably fed to cows when cut into inch 
lengths and fed before they have been 
allowed to stand out in the weather un¬ 
til dry anti tasteless. Oat and wheat 
straw should be used for bedding instead 
of feed. Calves and heifers require more 
attention than older animals and should 
be fed on good hay and grain, the amount 
being carefully regulated according to 
their capacity for consumption which 
must be determined by their condition and 
appetite. c. s. G. 
LIVE STOCK NOTES. 
The American Guernsey Cattle Club 
states that during the week ending Dec. 
12, there were entered in the Herd Regis¬ 
ter eight bulls and 69 cows, a total of 77; 
212 transfers were also recorded. Cre 
dits were given to 11 cows producing 
over 50 pounds butterfat. 
Recently an itemized account of feed¬ 
ing a purebred Ayrshire cow was given, 
and all her milk credited as sold at five 
cents per quart. If it had been sold to 
Bordens’, as was the milk of the grade 
Ilolsteins in the same issue, and as many 
other farmers would be compelled to do, 
the income would have been less by about 
20 per cent. w. J. m. 
It seems evident that those qualities 
of richness, color and flavor, which char¬ 
acterize the dairy products of the Guern¬ 
sey, are winning for her a most import¬ 
ant place in the estimation of the public. 
At this writing there are 943 cows, rep¬ 
resenting 157 breeders scattered from 
Maine to California, entered in the Ad¬ 
vanced Register. The ability to return 
great value for money spent for feed has 
earned for the breed the slogan, most 
economical producers. As an economical 
cream and butter producer the Guernsey 
is making her record. 
Commissioner of Agriculture Calvin J. 
Huson, of New York, reports that for the 
months of October and November agents 
of his department made 10,545 inspec¬ 
tions of foods, milk, veal, oleomargarine, 
feeding stuffs, and also sanitary inspec¬ 
tions. In Greater New York the food 
inspections were 2.426, milk 2.500, 
veal 1,459, oleo 2,S45. Outside New 
York City agents of the department made 
inspection in 716 cities and villages. 
These figures do not include 3,000 in¬ 
spections of orchards and nurseries and 
horticultural shipments during the same 
period, nor the inspections of State and 
county farms nor of agricultural lands 
for intended buyers. 
Gloucester Spotted Pigs. 
The Mark Lane Express states that in 
the West of England there is a breed of 
pigs known as the Gloucester spotted pigs, 
which have been kept and thought a good 
deal of locally for a long time. The fame 
of the spotted pig, however, has ended 
here up to the present, but the breed is 
likely to see developments in the future, 
for at a recent meeting of prominent agri¬ 
culturists held at Bristol, the local and 
hitherto somewhat unnoticed pig was the 
chief topic of comment, and it was de¬ 
cided to form a herd hook for Gloucester 
spotted pigs. From the warm way in 
which they were eulogised by the farmers 
attending the meeting, the wonder is, 
why it lias not been (lone before, as the 
pigs in question fully deserve all the 
good things said about them. The prob¬ 
ability is that nobody ever thought of 
it. and though the honour has come late 
it is pleasing to know that the interests 
of the spotted pigs as a breed are to be 
looked after in the matter of having a 
herd book of their own. 
Chicken-Killing Hogs. —One of your 
readers was asking how to stop hogs from 
catching chickens. Several neighbors 
cured them by feeding soda, just commou 
baking soda, in their slop. c. s. L. 
Jasper Co., Mo. 
Grade Galloways. —The use of pure¬ 
bred sires pays in beef as well as milk 
production. P. H. Ross, county agent 
for Leavenworth County, Kansas, reports 
that for several years Mr. Barnes has 
used pure Galloway bulls on grade cows. 
The results have been good. He has a 
herd of 34 cows and heifers now, with 
each animal true to a certain type. Mr. 
Barnes is breeding an excellent beef type. 
11 is is the only Galloway herd in Leaven¬ 
worth County. 
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