8 
THE RURAL WEW-YORKER 
January 3, 
PROPAGATING SHADE TREES. 
Tell us about the propagation of some 
of our common shade trees, particularly 
the maple and elm. c. J. o. 
Columbus, O. 
Practically all forest tree seeds require 
some sort of treatment, preparatory to 
being sown in the seed bed, the most com¬ 
mon and successful of which is known as 
that of stratification. The seeds should 
be gathered as soon as ripe and should 
not be exposed to the air longer than is 
necessary for the outside of the shell or 
shuck to become dry, when they should be 
immediately mixed with damp sand to 
prevent the meaty part containing the 
germ from becoming hard and dry, as 
many of the seeds will fail to germinate 
if allowed to become thoroughly dried. 
Maples, elms, ash and other tree seeds of 
like nature are usually jnixed with sand 
in -flat boxes four or five inches deep, or 
placed in thin layers in the boxes with 
an inch or so of sand between the lay¬ 
ers of seed, each box holding three to four 
layers of seed, according to its size. The 
after care of the boxes of seeds, that is, 
how they shall be cared for, depends 
much on the soil conditions and facilities 
at hand. Where the soil conditions are 
suitable, burying the boxes is preferable 
to some operators while others prefer 
placing the boxes on the surface and cov¬ 
ering them with earth or clean litter of 
some kind, or a combination of both. If 
an elevated well-drained situation is avail¬ 
able, burying the boxes will probably 
prove the most successful to the inex¬ 
perienced. For the purpose, open a 
trench the width of the boxes and 15 to 
20 inches deep in which place the boxes 
in a single row and cover them with a 
single thickness of one-inch boards, being 
careful to see that the tops of the boxes 
are entirely covered with the boards. 
Then fill the trench with earth, slightly 
rounding the top. The object of burying 
them so deeply is to prevent premature 
germination of any precocious individuals 
that may be among them. The board 
covering will eliminate the possible dan¬ 
ger of destruction of the seeds by vermin, 
and their disturbance with the shovel 
when the boxes are taken out. If it is 
desirable or necessary to store the boxes 
on the surface, select some protected 
place, under a tree or in an open shed, 
place the boxes in a row and cover tight¬ 
ly with boards, drive strong stakes in the 
ground one foot away from the boxes all 
around, to which nail boards to a height 
of IS inches. Cover the boxes up to the 
top of the boards with earth, or six inch¬ 
es of earth finishing with leaves or other 
clean litter, or litter alone may be used. 
In the storing of the seeds on the sur¬ 
face every precaution must be taken 
against the depredations from mice, squir¬ 
rels, etc., and, when leaves or other lit¬ 
ter is used alone for covering, the boxes 
should be examined occasionally to see 
if vermin has found its way into the 
seeds, and to water them if too much 
dried out. This method of storing the 
boxes will be found very satisfactory 
when the seeds are to be sown the fol¬ 
lowing Spring. 
The seeds of the oaks and chestnuts 
do not require stratifying, and may be 
sown as soon as ripe, but they must have 
protection from vermin, or all may be 
canned away. The ash very seldom 
germinates until the second year. There¬ 
fore this must be borne in mind, and the 
seeds be allowed to remain in the strati¬ 
fying condition until the second Spring 
when they ai-e to be sown in the seed bed. 
Mostly all forest tree seeds may be sown 
soon as ripe, but for the following rea¬ 
sons it is not advisable to do so. There 
is always danger of their being washed 
out by the Fall and Winter rains, heaved 
out by frost and carried away and eaten 
by mice and squirrels, resulting in more 
or less loss. 
The hickory and all other hard-shelled 
nuts should be exposed to the sun for 
three or four days after gathering, when 
they may be buried in the ground and 
covered six to 12 inches deep, or, may 
be planted in rows IS inches apart and 
four inches apart in the row. If buried 
in bulk soil should be mixed through 
them and when so handled they are taken 
up in early Spring and planted in rows, 
same as described for Fall planting. 
Cover about two inches deep. All Fall- 
sown seed should have a mulching of 
leaves, straw or other litter as soon as 
ground freezes. The mulching should be 
removed early in the following Spring, 
before the seedlings appear. 
The depth the seeds of the various 
trees are to be covered with soil depends 
much on the size of the seed. The maples, 
ashes, etc., should be covered about one 
inch; oaks and chestnuts about two inch¬ 
es. The rule usually followed is to cov¬ 
er the seeds of whatever kind to a depth 
equal to three or four times the diam¬ 
eter or thickness of the seed. Seeds of 
maples, ash, elms, etc., may be- sown in 
rows 16 to IS inches apart and one inch 
apart in the row. The seedlings of most 
forest trees are as a rule transplanted 
to nursery rows at the age of one to two 
years. The rows should be four feet 
apart and the seedlings six to eight inch¬ 
es apart in the row. K. 
Spring-sown Vetch and Oats. 
Could Hairy vetch be sown in Spring 
with oats, and both cut for hay? I think 
it would make a possible crop, as oats 
here are not a sure crop. R. G. H. 
Missouri, 
No. The Hairy vetch would not be 
satisfactory. Spring vetch would be bet¬ 
ter, but we should use Canada field peas 
with the oats. They will give a better 
combination feed. 
“Can you build a stack?” said the 
farmer to a laborer who wanted a job. 
“Sure I can. I can build a stack the 
shape of an egg.” When the stack was 
nearly completed, the bottom shot out and 
the stack came to the ground as flat as a 
pancake. “I thought you said you could 
build a stack the shape of an egg,” said 
the farmer. “So I did. But I didn’t say 
whether it was a boiled egg or a fried 
one.”-—Winnipeg Telegram. 
guaranteed. Our choice home grown 
GLOVER, TIMOTHY and ALFALFA 
and all other gTass and field seeds are the best 
it is possible to secure. We will send Abso¬ 
lutely Free samples and prices, also our new 
Alfalfa Guide, full of valuable information 
about this profitable plant. Don’t buy until 
you have seen our samples. Write to 
N. WERTHEIMER & SONS 
Dept. K Ligonier, Indiana. 
WE PAYTHE FREIGHT 
WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS 
L 
We are trying with all our might to furnish ab¬ 
solutely pure. Red, Alsike, Mammoth, Alfalfa, 
Timothy, Sweet Clover, and all other field soeds, 
with all blasted and immature grains removed. 
Writs today for free samples and instructions 
“Bow to Know Oood Seed." 
0. 01. SCOTT tc SOX, 80 Alain St., Marysville, Ohio 
PURE FIELD SEEDS 
Clover, Timothy, Alsike, Alfalfa and all kinds of 
PURE FIELD Seeds direct from producer to consumer; 
free from noxious weeds. Ask for samples. 
A. C. HOYT & CO., - Fostoria, Ohio 
FF’S TESTED SEED CORN 
6000 bushel 1912 crop. Tested and sure to grow. Finest 
quality. 20 Varieties. Also Seed Oats, Barley, Grass Seed, 
Potatoes, etc. 1100 acres. Catalog and samples on request. 
Write today. W. N. SCARFF, Box 07, New Carlisle, Ohio. 
ONION Si t ’' % I.CC' PER LB. 
Now Seed. Write for free samples for 
testing. Complete Garden Manual Frco. 
FIELD SEED CO. f Box 26, Shenandoah, Iowa. 
STRAWBERRY I>rANTS ’ A11 thehest ' 
Catalog Free. L. G. 
New and standard varieties. 
TINGLE, 96 R.R. five., Pittsville, Md. 
S TRAWF1ERRY PLANTS- Vigorous Northern stock, *1,65 
per 1,000. A most valuable illustrated catalog free. 
Mayer’s Plant Nursery, Merrill, Mich. Bohemian Nurseryman 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
All the standard varieties; fresh dughigh-grade 
stock. Our catalogue is free. Send for one. 
The Flansburgh & Potter Company 
Box 355 Leslie, Mich. 
Strawberries 
YIELD $500 to $1200 per acre 
under the Kellogg sure-crop 
method. Our beautifully 
illustrated 64-page book gives 
the complete Kellogg Way 
and tells all about the great 
Kellogg plant farms in Ore¬ 
gon, Idaho and Michigan. 
R. M. KELLOGG CO. 
Box 4 Q 0, Three Rivers, Mich, 
Strawberries 
(Sommer and Fall Bearing) and 
All Small Frnit Plants » 
Strawberries anil all Small Fruit 
Plants mean big and quick profits 
i for you at a small outlay of money. 
’ We are headquarters for Summer 
and Fall BearingStra wherry Plants, 
r Raspberries, Blackberries, Goose- 
berries, Currants, Grapes, Fruit Trees, 
Roses, Ornamental Shrubs, Eggs for 
Hatching, Crates, Baskets, Seed Potatoes, etc. Best 
varieties, lowest price. 30 years’ experience. Free 
catalogue is full of valuable information. Write today. 
L. J. FARMER, Box 420. Pulaski, N. Y. 
THE 
PROVIDENCE TRACTOR 
SEE IT AT THE NEW YORK 
FRUIT GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION MEETING 
ROCHESTER, JANUARY 7 to 10 
This is the ideal tractor for Orchard and 
Farm Work — only two wheels, turns 
shorter than a team of horses; no vibration; 3-cylin¬ 
der, 20 horse power engine. 
If you do not attend the Rochester 
write us for full particulars 
Meeting, 
PROVIDENCE ENGINEERING WORKS 
PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
LONEY 
TREES 
890,000 peach, 900,000 3pple, 475,000 cherry, thousands of other fruif and ornamental frees, 
berries, currants, vines, shrubs. Fresh Dug, Guaranteed True to >ame ami Free from Disease, 
We only sell trees we prow, propagated from varieties of merit, tested 29 years. Every order 
given personal attention, packed to reach you in good growing condition. Prompt delivery 
'•assured. Writ© Today for Free 1914 Wholesale Illustrated Catalogue of Guaranteed True to 
Aaiuo Trees. A great advantage and saving to deal with an old established firm. 
Visit our Nurseries of 350 acres. 
Maloney Brn*. & Wells Co., Box 87, Dunsvillc, N. Y. Dansville’s Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries. 
Ford’s Sound Seeds have produced money-making crops 
for thousands of our customers. Ford’s Vegetable, 
Field and Flower Seeds are carefully grown 
and handled, tested for vitality. You will 
find them strictly pure, and the 
Best Seeds ot the 
Best Varieties 
*After a third of a century they are the 
^standard of excellence. You will like the 
^Ford Plan of seed-selling—it guarantees satis- 
faction or money refunded; it will pay and please 
you. Our 1914 catalogue is brimful of good things for 
planters—let us send you a copy, free. 
1FORD SEED CO., Box 24, RAVENNA, OHIO 
Fore 
Sou 
See< 
CLOVERS 
ALFALFA 
250 bushels of Medium Red 
Clover—98% pure, recleaned 
and tested. No foul weed*. 
Hardy northern grown Alfalfa 
seed, 991s% pure. Buy now and 
save mouey. Write to-day. 
L. C. BROWN, L.Grang., Illinois 
You take no chances when 
buying Eberle’s seeds, bulbs 
or plants. They are absolutely 
fresh and reliable. Cannot fail 
thrive under fair conditions. 
Our large and varied stock con¬ 
tains every variety worth growing. 
Eberle’s 1914 Seed Annual—Free 
This well-illustrated book tells you all 
about our choice seeds, bulbs and 
plants. Brimful of helpful information 
about planting and cultivating. 
Get your free copy—today. 
FREDERICK W. EBERLE, 
118 South Pearl St., Albany, N.Y. 
ALFALFA 
AMERICAN NORTHERN GROWN 
Guaranteed to bo 99% pure and free from dodder. Write 
for sample on which we invite you to get Government tests . 
We do not handle Turkestan “Dwarf Alfalfa” or cheap 
inferior European seed. We offer only the very best. 
Our seed should produce hay at $60 per acre annually. 
Can usually furnish Kansas, Nebraska, Montana or 
Dakota and Grimm Seed at very moderate prices, 
CLOVER and GRASSES 
Northern grown and of strongest vitality. We can 
furnish grass mixture suitable for any soils. 
WING’S GARDEN and FLOWER SEEDS 
Are of highest quality that can be produced—fully 
described in our free catalog. Write for it today 
WING SEED CO., Box 293 Mochanicsburg, O. 
Northern Grown Seeds 
FAt Moderate Prices—Satisfaction Guaranteed 
r Get ISBELL S OFFERS in bonutiful new color- 
illustrated catulog before you buy seeds. Telle 
all about seeds, plunting, etc. 
120 Pages Packed With Bargains 
Isbell’s Seeds oro NORTHERN GROWN— alive 
I with vitality. Everything for your farm, vege- 
L^-v^__tuble or flower garden at bargain prices. 
/.*? lOc for S Packets Choicest Seeds 
>This “Sam pie Collection’’ includes packets of 
V fine now Melon and Cucumber. All for 10c, 
k which wo return as a Duo Bill. Let’s get 
\acquaintcd! ( 1 ) 
1 S, ISBEIX & CO. 
/Dept. 824 ♦ Jackson, Mich. 
OF QUALITY 
If you want really high-grade seed corn of early 
varieties raised in Western New York, testing 06 - 1004 , 
good vigorous sprouts, we can deliver the goods. One 
of our varieties "Gold Nugget, ” yielded 199 bu. ears 
per acre in Chautauqua Co. Ask for sample ot this 
corn and also of New "Bumper Crop ” oats, the larg¬ 
est and plumpest oats you ever saw. 
These are only two of the hundreds of different 
kinds of seeds we sell tit wholesale price —all good 
and many much betterthoncanbeobtainedelsewhere. 
Harris’ Seeds are all tested and the results mark¬ 
ed on the label so you know lust how many will 
grow. Get our catalog and wholesale Price List and 
buy direct from the grower. 
JOSEPH HARRIS CO. 
-BOX 93- 
Coldwater, New York 
HARRIS 
SEEDS 
SEED CORN 
BACKED BY 27 YEARS' EXPERIENCE 
And Hold direct from our nurseries to your orchard at Growers’ Prices. 
Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Cherry and Quince trees, also small Fruits and Ornament¬ 
als, in nil the leading varieties, guaranteed Free from disease ami True to Name. 
We know the history of every tree we sell because we grow them in our own nurseries right here in Dansville—Dig, 
Haul, Pack and Ship every tree under the personal supervision of one of the Kelly Brothers. 
When you order from our catalog you get what you order because we make it a personal matter. You also get your 
or*’©! promptly and carefully packed. Write for our catalog. This year wo quote low prices for the best stock wc have ever grown. 
v,m,’h never regret planting Kelly Trees. KELLY BROS. WHOLESALE NURSERIES, 120 Main St., Dansville, N. Y. 
I 
GROW BIG. LUSCIOUS STRAWBERRIES 
You can raise large crops of delicious berries from a small piece of 
ground if you start right—with hardy, prolific, carefully grown plants 
selected Horn ALLEN’S TRUE-TO-NAME VARIETIES 
All standard early and late strains forevery soil and climate requirement. 
WRITE FOR 1914 BERRY BOOK. Allen’s Berry Book is full of 
valuable information on liow to grow berries and small fruits profitably, 
It lists and describes Strawberries, Blackberries. Raspberries, Grapes, 
Currants, Asparagus, rv. Copy sent FREE upon request. 
W. F. ALLEN, 72 Market St. f SALISBURY, MD. 
LLE N S 
MJJ MRRJES 
f#) i 
at ONE-HALF- 
CITY SEEDSMEN PRICES! 
Lot us send you our catalog of seeds—it's differ¬ 
ent. Tt tells you facts, and why we can save you money, and give you a guaranteed SQUARE 
REAL. Just drop a postal today and see the difference in buying your soeds in country or city. 
FORREST SEER COMPANY, : ROX 33. : CORTLAND, NEW YORK 
