130 
THE RURAL* NSW-YORKRR 
January 24, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
TTNDERthis heading we endeavor to give advice and 
. suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains and 
fodders. No definite rules are given, but the advice is 
based upon experience and average analysis of foods, 
liy “protein” is meant the elements in tho food which go 
to make muscle or lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise 
the starch, sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel 
tortile body, while “ fat ” is the pure oil found in foods. 
“ Dry matter ” means the weight of actual food left in 
fodder or grain when all the water is driven off. A 
“ narrow ration” means one in which the proportion of 
protein to carbohydrates is close—a ‘ wide” ration means 
one which shows a larger proportion of carbohydrates. 
Lightening a Heavy Concentrate. 
On page 1310 R. B. advises L. E. S. to 
feed a combination of ground corn and 
rye and cottonseed meal. This makes 
a very heavy concentrate, and unless fed 
with the silage will not be as satisfactory 
as its feeding value would warrant. R. 
B. would better mix the feed with the 
Avoid cornmeal or 
ground oats, bran 
cellent. " 
cottonseed meal, but 
an<T oil meal are ex- 
C. L. M. 
silage. 
Ohio. 
J. D. P. 
Dairy Ration. 
Will you give me a grain ration for 
cows? I have cornstalks, mixed hay and 
ground oats. Can buy gluten feed at 
$32 per ton ; cottonseed $3G; wheat bran 
$29; brewers’ grains $32; wheat mid¬ 
dlings $32; buckwheat middlings $25. 
Phelps, N. Y. c. w. 
A mixture of three parts by weight 
of ground oats and two of each cotton¬ 
seed meal and buckwheat mdidlings will 
be very good for milk production. Feed 
one pound of grain for three to four 
pounds of milk. For two or three weeks 
after the cows freshen, and for several 
weeks before, it will be better not to 
feed cottonseed meal, but give instead 
equal parts of ground oats, bran and 
buckwheat middlings. c. L. M. 
Cut Hay for Horses and Cows. 
I am feeding my horses cut feed (hay 
cut fine and feed mixed with it wet). I 
find it takes only two-thirds to keep them 
in better condition than when fed separ¬ 
ate. I have a power cutter and plenty of 
time until Spring. Would the same pro¬ 
cess of feeding apply to milch cows with 
profit, or would it be injurious? c. s. F. 
Lowell, Mass. 
There will be no harm whatever in 
cutting the hay for cows, moistening and 
mixing with grain. Probably the results 
will be a little better, but whether enough 
better to pay for the trouble is a matter 
for you to decide. Cornstalks would un¬ 
doubtedly be much more valuable treated 
as you say, than when fed whole. 
_ C. L. M. 
Thin Heifer. 
I have a heifer that will be two years 
old in February next. She is due to 
freshen about February 5. She was in 
fine condition all Summer while out in' 
pasture, but since putting her in the! 
barn she seems to be getting somewhat' 
thin. Will you tell me what you would 
advise feeding her? I can get all kinds! 
of grain and feed here; have plenty ofj 
good Timothy hay. j. p. f 
Lanesboro, Pa. 
In a case like this I know of nothing 
better than equal parts by weight of: 
ground oats, wheat, bran and oil meal. 
Feed four or five pounds daily, according 
to the size of the heifer, in addition to 1 
what hay she wants. It is a very com-J 
mon mistake to let cattle grow thin dur-i 
ing the Fall, and after bringing in from 
pasture. There seems to be a common* 
impression that while a cow is giving 
milk, especially when fresh, she needs 
Balanced Rations. 
Will you give me a balanced ration 
with tho following grains? Gluten $30.50 
a ton; beet pulp $28; bran $20; oil meal 
(old process) $2 a hundred, $40 a ton. 
I also have corn on the ear which sells 
at 75 cents a bushel. Grinding will cost 
me about nine cents a bushel, making 
corn 84 cents a bushel. This may be too 
high for a cheap balanced ration. For 
roughage I have corn fodder and some Tim¬ 
othy and meadow hay, mostly Blue grass. 
Trexlers, Pa. 
w. K. T. 
It is my opinion that it will pay you 
better to sell your corn and buy other 
concentrates. In that case a good com¬ 
bination would be gluten feed, two 
pounds, bran three pounds, and oil meal 
two pounds. If you prefer to have the 
corn ground, the following will 1 be good. 
Cornmeal two pounds, bran two pounds, 
and oil meal three pounds. Feed five or 
six pounds to a cow, giving 20 pounds 
daily, and more or less in proportion to 
the amount of milk given. As you have 
no succulent feed it will probably pay to 
give one pound of beet pulp, once a day, 
moistened and mixed with the grain. 
C. L. M. 
Ration for Jerseys. 
Will you balance me a ration for my 
Jerseys weighing probably 850 or 900 
pounds, giving 25 or 30 pounds milk per 
day? I have for roughage silage and 
mixed hay; following feeds available: 
Gluten $30 per ton, wheat feed $30, 
hominy $30, ground oats $30, bran $24, 
brewers’ grains $29, cotton-seed $34, 
ground corn $32, which I do not care to 
use very much, molasses feeds $26. 
Ilamden, N. Y. w. L. T. 
I have worked out the following ration 
as meeting the requirements: 
Mixed hay, 
Silage. 
Cotton-seed 
meal, 
Brewers’ grs 
Ground oats 
pounds 
“ Dry 
Pro- ’ 
Total Nu- 
Matter 
tein 
trient 
. 8.710 
.580 
5.050] 
. 7.920 
.420 
5-160 
2.790 
1.128 
2.418 
' 1.826 
.400 
1.314 
. 1.792 
• 17C 
1.350 
.23.038 
2.704 
15,292 
Nutritive ratio, 1:4.7. 
If your milk tests much above four Per 
cent butterfat, probably the grain ration 
should be increased somewhat, say to 
eight pounds per 25-pound cow, keeping 
the proportion the same. c. L. n. 
considerable grain, but when 
little rough fodder is sufficient. During 
the last few weeks before parturition the 
calf is growing very rapidly, and the 
cow must furnish the material, even at 
the expense of her own flesh. Then too, 
the cow should have a good reserve of 
strength for the ordeal of maternity. 
Furthermore, if a cow is not accustomed 
to eating grain before calving, her digest¬ 
ive system is apt to be upset by heavy 
feeding afterward, and she is especially 
liable to attack of garget or indigestion. 
The time to feed for milk is before 
freshening, just as much as after. A 
cow that is in good condition and strong 
will give birth to a good lively calf, and 
come through the ordeal in fine shape to 
do her best at milk production. The way 
to secure this condition is by liberal feed¬ 
ing, with plenty of protein in the ration, 
and by giving a reasonable amount of 
exercise. A cow seems to store up capa¬ 
city for milk-giving by liberal feeding be¬ 
fore becoming fresh, just as the athlete 
stores up strength by weeks of exer¬ 
cise and practice. I cannot emphasize 
this point too much. Be liberal with tho 
dry cow and she will repay you for it. 
Dairy Ration. 
a balanced ration 
from the following: Wheat bran, $24.50; 
shorts, $20.50; linseed meal, $42; clover 
and Timothy hay, $15. In view of above 
prices what could I afford to pay for 
dried brewers’ grain, or malt sprouts? I 
am not posted on the malt sprouts as to 
price. As I figure it the linseed meal 
furnishes the cheapest protein, wheat 
shorts next and bran the dearest of the 
three items. Cow is giving 10 pounds 
milk a day, seven pounds butter to the 
100 pounds milk, old style of skimming 
and dash churn. She will weigh 1000 
pounds, due to freshen Jan. 17. 
s. s. s. 
A sufficient ration for the above cow 
would be 20 to 25 pounds of mixed hay 
one pound wheat bran, two pounds wheat 
shorts and two pounds linseed oil meal. 
Or, if you wish to use brewers’ dried 
grains or malt sprouts, two pounds malt 
sprouts, shorts and one pound oil meal. 
When the cow freshens the grain ration 
should be increased to one pound of grain 
to about three of milk. You have figured 
correctly as to the relative values of the 
several feeds, from the standpoint of pro¬ 
tein. If you can obtain the brewers’ 
grains for $1.60 to $1 75 per cwt., it will 
be cheaper than bran as far as protein 
is concerned. The shorts and oil meal 
need something coarse and bulky, like 
bran, brewers’ grains or malt sprouts to 
dry,” a lighten them up. The vlaue of the 
sprouts and brewers’ grains is practically 
the same. c. l. m. 
Trouble With Butter. 
I have been making butter from a Jer¬ 
sey cow’s milk and had no trouble with 
it coining till a few weeks ago. We have 
been giving her cottonseed meal with her 
other feed; since then I cannot get the 
butter to come. Do you think the feed 
has anything to do with it? Her milk 
is curdled and stringy. I would like to 
know what to do for it? c. G. 
Boylston, Mass. 
Cows that have been milking for a 
long time, and are due to freshen again 
in a few months, especially when on Win¬ 
ter feed, are quite apt to give “stringy” 
milk. If your cow is due to calve in two 
or three months, or less, you had better 
stop feeding cottonseed meal and dry her 
off at once. If she is not due to calve 
for four or five months, or longer, cut 
out the cottonseed meal for a time and 
feed more laxative foods, such as silage, 
roots and bran. When her milk becomes \ 
normal a small amount of cottonseed 
meal, from one to two pounds per day, 
fed with bran and other laxative foods, 
will help in the production of milk by 
supplying a cheap source of protein. 
Cream from “stringy” milk is very hard 
to churn. c. S. M. 
Best for Man \\ / » ^ * r, , . 
and Land A Oreat Improvement 
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