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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 31, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
TJNDERthis heading we endeavor to give advice and 
suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains and 
fodders. No definite rules are given, but tile advice is 
based upon experience and average analysis of foods, 
liy “protein” is meant the elements in the food which go 
to make muscle or lean meat. "Carbohydrates” comprise 
the starch, sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel 
for the body, while “ fat ” is the pure oil found in foods. 
“ Dry matter ” means the weight of actual food left in 
fodder or grain when all the water is driven off. A 
“ narrow ration” means one in which the proportion of 
protein to carbohydrates is close—a “ wide” ration means 
one whicli shows a larger proportion of carbohydrates. 
Criticism of Ration. 
What is your idea of this feeding ra¬ 
tion for Holstein cows? Small feeding 
of hay in the morning, a bushel of silage 
at noon, all the straw they can eat at 
night, and eight, quarts a day of grain 
mixed as follows: .‘>00 pounds bran, 200 
pounds hominy, 100 pounds gluten, 50 
pounds cottonseed meal. p. n. m. 
Copenhagen, N. Y. 
If you would use 200 or 300 pounds 
of cottonseed meal instead of 50 it would 
be an improvement; that is, if your cows 
are not soon to freshen; if they are, you 
are feeding enough cottonseed. Straw 
is not the best kind of roughage for milk 
production, but when hay is in short sup¬ 
ply, and high in price, and milk bringing 
a low figure, it sometimes seems advisable 
to feed some straw. Your ration as it 
stands is good, and I can make only the 
above criticisms. c. L. ai. 
Specks in Buttermilk. 
What is the cause of specks in the 
buttermilk that look like cream, and is 
there any remedy for it? h. l. j. 
These specks are what are called “false 
butter,” and are composed of hard cur¬ 
dled milk. You are likely to find some of 
them in the butter also. They are pre¬ 
vented by frequent stirring while the 
cream is souring so as to keep cream and 
milk mixed. It may also happen, es¬ 
pecially where milk is set in shallow pans, 
that the top of the cream becomes quite 
dry, and small particles will continue to 
stick together during churning. In any 
case frequent stirring of the cream will 
prevent this to a great extent, c. L. M. 
like very well, as straw or dry corn fod¬ 
der. As to Alfalfa, most feed dealers 
keep it, cut or ground fine, but gener¬ 
ally the price is too high to feed to cows. 
If you can raise Alfalfa it will be a 
fine thing, but buying it by the bag is too 
expensive. 
Do not understand that the ration you 
mention is the very best that can be 
devised. Much depends on the price of 
different feed stuffs, and also on what 
one can get. I am at present feeding 
a _vcry satisfactory ration, as follows: 
125 pounds distillers’ dried grains, 200 
pounds oil meal and 200 pounds low- 
grade flour. This is scattered over corn 
silage. It would be rather Sticky to feed 
alone, and in that case I would add 100 
pounds of wheat bran, or else double the 
distillers’ grains. This costs me $1.68 
per hundred, and, quality considered, is 
about the cheapest ration I can buy. 
c. L. M. 
Ration for Cows and Pigs. 
1. Will you give me a paying ration for 
new milch and farrow cows (giving a 
small amount of very rich milk) from the 
following feeds: Bran $1.40 per 100 
pounds; gluten $1.65; cottonseed $1.90; 
linseed $1.80; ground oats $2; cornmeal 
$1.65. I would rather not use cornmeal. 
Have for roughage early cut mixed hay, 
no roots or silage. I sell butter fat. 2. 
What is the best ration for 10-weeks-old 
pigs to be dressed in March? I have very 
little skim-milk. o. A. n. 
Maine. 
1. Two pounds each of bran, cottonseed 
meal and oil meal will be a good ration 
for a cow giving 18 to 25 pounds of milk 
daily. In the case of cows giving very 
rich milk it may be advisable to give a 
trifle more grain in proportion to the 
amount of milk. It will be better to feed 
grain two or three times daily, rather 
than all at one feeding. 2. A good grain 
ration for the pigs at present would be 
four parts, by weight of white or flour 
middlings, three parts cornmeal and one 
part oil meal. The cornmeal may be 
increased to two-thirds of the whole ra¬ 
tion for a few weeks before butchering. 
C. L. M. 
Poor Milk Yield. 
A neighbor has a Jersey cow, fresh De¬ 
cember 22, perfectly well but only gave 
one quart milk at first, now gives three 
quarts. Will the cow ever give a full 
flow of milk until fresh again? She fed 
the cow one quart bran and two quarts 
chops before the freshening, and thinks 
the chops might have caused the cow to 
fatten and may be the cause of the de¬ 
crease in milk flow. The cow is seven 
years old and has always given 2to 
three gallons milk a day. Will you” ad¬ 
vise what is best to feed to increase milk 
flow? E. s. 
Springfield, Mo. 
I would not be able to give more than 
a guess as to wha^ie the cause of this 
cow’s small $mlk|^^ I should not ex¬ 
pect that th<* grait^^ren would cause any 
trouble. The term “chops” is a little 
indefinite, but I take it to mean corn and 
oats ground together. As the cow is 
gaining in milk flow I presume she will 
be all right soon. It is my experience 
that cows will occasionally fail to give 
as much milk as they ought at first, but 
after two or three weeks will come to 
their normal flow. A few years ago I 
had a heifer which as a two-year-old 
had given unusual promise, but on fresh¬ 
ening the second time -gave no milk at 
all for several days. However, I went 
through the process of milking several 
times daily, and soon the milk started. 
On being turned to pasture she gave a 
good amount of milk. In no such case 
have I been able to assign any definite 
cause. c. l . m. 
Dairy Ration. 
You advise a dairy ration of three 
pounds wheat bran, three pounds cotton¬ 
seed meal, and one pound cornmeal. Is 
that for one cow or more and how often 
do you give it a day? How would you 
feed 10 milch cows? Do you feed that 
ration dry or wet? Where can I get 
feeding molasses? s. D. s. 
Bethlehem, Pa. 
The ration given is for one cow, and 
for one day. However, it is generally 
better to divide the grain ration into 
two parts and feed at two different times, 
say morning and night, or morning and 
noon. A convenient way is to mix, say, 
300 pounds of bran, 300 pounds cotton¬ 
seed meal and 100 pounds of cornmeal. 
Then weigh out into your feeding dish 
one, two, three or four pounds of the 
mixture, and notice about how full the 
dish is for each amount. Then you can 
feed accurately enough for practical pur¬ 
poses without bothering to weigh each 
time. I may say that the ration you 
mention is intended for a cow giving 25 
to 30 pounds of milk daily. Feed each 
cow according to the amount of milk 
she gives, and this should be three to four 
pounds of milk for each pound of grain. 
The grain should be fed dry. 
Probably your grocer or feed dealer 
can get the feeding molasses. If not 
it is advertised in Tiie It. N.-Y. It 
should not cost over 17 or 18 cents per 
gallon, by the barrel. The best way to 
feed it is to dissolve about a pint for 
each cow in hot water, and sprinkle over 
the fodder. Probably it will not pay to 
feed molasses to edws, unless you have 
some kind of fodder that the cows do not 
Radishes for Cattle. 
I would like to know the feeding value 
of radishes for cattle. I think some of 
the Summer varieties will outyield man¬ 
gels on the same ground with less care. 
I have been feeding them to milch cows, 
and they seem very fond of them. 
Ohio. h. s. J. 
By analysis the radish would be worth 
about two-thirds as much as mangels or 
carrots. We have no record of the yield 
of radish as a field crop. We do not 
think radishes would keep as well as the 
other roots, though they might pay for 
early Summer feeding where cattle are 
kept up. 
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