1014. 
THE RURAL* NEW-VORKEK 
1217 
Fowler’s Solution of Arsenic. 
1 see you advise frequently the use of 
Fowler’s solution. What is Fowler’s 
solution and how does it operate? Is it 
ever used for human ailments and which 
if any? m. n. g. 
New York, N. Y. 
Fowler’s solution is a liquid prepara¬ 
tion of arsenic; chemically it is a solu¬ 
tion of the arsenite of potassium. It has 
the properties of arsenic, and is a con¬ 
venient means of administration of that 
drug. It is a valuable drug, much used 
in medicine, but is a powerful irritant 
and depressant poison in overdose, and 
should never be taken or given except 
under the direction of a competent phys¬ 
ician. Its chief field m Human medicine 
is in certain skin diseases, in some nerv¬ 
ous affections, and, • combined with iron, 
as a tonic, or tissue builder. Given to 
horses with heaves, in proper dose, it 
relieves the symptoms of that disease. 
M. B. D. 
Bearing Age of Apples. 
What are the relative ages at which 
the principal commercial varieties of ap¬ 
ples come into bearing? Of course I un¬ 
derstand that the actual ages at which 
they come into bearing depend a great 
deal on the locality, soil, care, etc., and 
perhaps this is true to some extent of the 
relative ages also, but generally speaking, 
I suppose it may be said that certain 
kinds are early bearers, other kinds 
medium, others late. Some of the var¬ 
ieties I should like specially to know 
about are Winesap, Stayman, Arkansas, 
Rome Beauty, Y r ork Imperial, Jonathan, 
Grimes, Newtown, Hoover, Bomim, Ben 
Davis, Delicious, King David, Senator, 
Paragon, Wealthy, McIntosh and Hub- 
bardston. Will you arrange the above 
varieties approximately in the order of 
the ages at which they may be expected 
to come into bearing in this climate, 
under reasonably good care? R. P. J. 
Almost any variety of apple or other 
fruit will vary in the time of coming into 
bearing according to the conditions un¬ 
der which it is grown, but, as R. P. J. 
states, there are well-established records 
of the behavior of most of the principal 
apples at least. It is very well proven 
by many years of testing that all varie¬ 
ties of the apple begin to bear earlier in 
the regions beyond the Rocky Mountains 
than anywhere east of them by about 
two or three years. In the prairie re¬ 
gions of the Central States the apple 
trees come into bearing a year or two 
Earlier than in the regions from Ohio and 
Michigan eastward. The particular var¬ 
ieties mentioned in this list are nearly 
all about medium in point of time of 
bearing age. The Wealthy is the only 
very precocious one, and the Newtown 
the only really tardy one. Without con¬ 
sulting a recorded list from actual ex¬ 
perience they will stand as follows in 
the Central States: Four years from 
planting, Wealthy; six years from plant¬ 
ing, Winesap, Stayman, Arkansas, Para¬ 
gon, Rome Beauty, Bonum, Delicious, 
King David, Senator, McIntosh, Grimes, 
Jonathan; eight years from planting, 
Ben Davis, Ilubbardston, York Imper¬ 
ial ; 10 years from planting, Newtown. 
From these figures anyone can calculate 
that they will bear two years earlier in 
the western regions and that much later 
to the eastward. By these estimates it 
must not be understood that there are 
not many minor variations and that there 
will be a few specimens borne at earlier 
dates. That there may be light commer¬ 
cial crops about at the times indicated 
is reasonable to be expected. 
II. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Diseased Cauliflower Plants. 
Will you give the cause and remedy for 
cauliflower plants stopping growth, the 
edges of the leaf turning brown? I 
sow seed in a well-prepared ground out¬ 
side from the 10th to the 25th of May, 
and usually have to sow more seed than 
is necessary, because the affected plants 
cannot be depended upon. Different parts 
of the bed are usually affected, while the 
rest of bed are as nice as could be wished 
for. L. w. j. 
Solon, O. 
From the description given of the dis¬ 
eased plants it appears they were at¬ 
tacked by stem-rot. This disease has 
been more or less destructive in Ohio 
and several other States for over 20 
years. During that time it has become 
pretty well distributed throughout the 
State. The spores are usually distributed 
by crawling insects (slugs being the prin¬ 
cipal offender) carrying the spores on 
their bodies from the diseased plants to 
the nearby healthy plants, which accounts 
for the disease appearing in patches in¬ 
stead of rapidly spreading to all parts 
of the bed, as would be the case in the 
attacks of most fungus diseases in plants. 
So far no sure method of controlling this 
disease has been discovered; nothing but 
clean soil and manure should be used in 
the seed bed, and as an extra precaution¬ 
ary measure, either the seed or soil or 
both should be disinfected before sow¬ 
ing. The following method of soil steril¬ 
ization in the seed bod, is recommended 
by the Ohio Agricultural Experiment 
Station, for the successful control of the 
disease. Treat the seed bed immediately 
after sowing the seed with a solution of 
Bordeaux mixtui’e (4-4-50 mixture) at 
the rate of one gallon to 10 square feet 
of surface. In addition to this the beds 
should be sprayed with Bordeaux about 
two weeks before and again just preced¬ 
ing transplanting into the field. K. 
Whole-root or Piece-root Trees. 
I am intending to plant an apple or- 
chard, and would like your opinion as 
to the best trees to plant, whether whole- 
root or piece-root. r. s. 
Kevil, Ky. 
There has not been much said lately 
about the w'hole and piece-root theories. 
It is true according to my own exper¬ 
ience that the better trees are grown 
from grafts put on the upper six inches 
of good seedlings than from the ordinary 
piece-root grafts. I tried this out in 
Kansas many years ago, by making up 
a lot of root-grafts on pieces of roots from 
two inches to 12 inches long. The trees 
produced from the upper six inches were 
decidedly better than those from the low¬ 
er six inches, or from any other length 
or part of the same grade of seedlings. 
The trees grown from the full-length roots 
or those a foot long were no better than 
those from the upper six inches of the 
same grade. Nurserymen do not grow 
trees from full-length roots, or at least 
not many do so commercially and I ideal¬ 
ly doubt if any do. They usually call 
the trees they grow from the upper cuts 
of the seedlings about six inches long 
“whole-root trees” and those who really 
grow them in this way may justly claim 
that such trees are superior to ordinary 
piece-root trees. Trees grown by bud¬ 
ding on seedlings in the nursery rows are 
whole-rooted, and are often considered 
superior to ordinary trees as sold by nur¬ 
serymen. II. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Potato Profits 
A certain loss in potatoes has been 1 
turned into a profit of $30 an acre by more 
and better cultivation. Keeps the soil mel- , 
low, retains the moisture and kills the weeds. 
IRON AGE Cultivators 
Carry every possible adjustment of points, ganjs, 
wheels and frame to care for any row crops in 
any soil and especially for potatoes. 
All steel but pole Built for wear and i 
and neckyoke. \\ n u II convenience. 
See them at your 
dealers and write 
us for booklet on 
“Two -Horse 
RidingandWalk- 
ing Cultivators.' * 
Ask also for Iron 
Age Farm and 
Garden News. 
BATEMAN 
M’F’G CO. 
Box 1027 
Grenloch, N. J. 
Buy A 
Cahoon 
Sower 
By 
Parcel Post 
The Cahoon has the only discharger scientifically 
constructed to scatter seed evenly in front of ti e 
operator and not against his person. Years of world¬ 
wide use prove it to be simplest, most accurate and 
durable Broadcast Sower made. Sows all grain or 
grass seed. Made entirely of steel, iron, brass and 
heavy canvas. Wide breast plate makes it easiest 
to carry. Needed on every farm. Some alfalfa 
ranches have a dozen. If dealer will not supply 
you. Parcel PoBt permits us to send it for $3.50 pre¬ 
paid in U. S. A. Order today. Warranted to give 
saUsfaction. Even Seeding brings Good Heaping. 
G00DELL COMPANY, 47 Main St., Antrim, N. H. 
/■ $10,000 Backs 
this portable wood saw. Guaranteed 1 year—money 
refunded and freight paid both ways if unsatisfac¬ 
tory. You can easily earn Jio a day with a 
HERTZLER & ZOOK 
Portable C< 0 -. .. 
Is low as (10 °°d *“— w ww 
sawing all kinds of neighbors' lum¬ 
ber. Strictly factory prices—save 
profits. Operates easily. 
Stick sits low—saw draws it on im¬ 
mediately machine starts. Only $10 
saw to which ripping table can bo 
added. Write for catalogue. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO.. 
Box 3, Belleville, Pa. . 
Heat that"defeats blizzards! 
When the blustering bliz¬ 
zards of old winter force 
the mercury below the zero 
line and attack the wind¬ 
ward sides of your home, if 
you have placed your trust 
in old-fashioned ways of 
heating you sadly discover 
how non-dependable they 
are! Even while rough win¬ 
ter buffets your house with 
bleak blasts—you can stop 
the affliction (in a very 
short time and without dis¬ 
turbance ) by putting in a 
blizzard-defying outfit of 
The test time of good heating I 
teRICANrlDEAL 
ii Radiators, vXIboilers 
IDEAL Boilers and AMERICAN 
Radiators are carried in our ware¬ 
houses in all the large shipping centers 
of the United States. An outfit can 
be quickly installed without interfer¬ 
ing with old stoves or heater, which remain in service until the 
IDEAL Boiler is fired up and making your home delightful all over. 
Act now, before the zero days and high winds ! 
The operation of an IDEAL-AMERICAN outfit is not affected by outside weather 
conditions; for, be there calm or storm, there is a constant circulation of heat within 
the piping and radiators, which is positive — as sure to carry steady heat to the 
windward side of the home as to protected rooms; all rooms, 
halls, bath-rooms, bays and corners are uniformly comfortable. 
In IDEAL Boilers the rich coal-gases are burned and turned into heat for the 
rooms, rather than escaping up the chimney (which means fuel-waste.) 
No dust and dirt thrown into the 
rooms; much cleaning labor is saved 
to the women. A century of use will 
not wear out these heating outfits. 
Once kindled, the fire lasts all winter 
— 8 to 16 hours between coalings, ac¬ 
cording to weather conditions. Need 
not be connected to water supply, as 
same water is used over and over for 
many years. 
The blizzard-defying, reliable charac¬ 
ter of IDEAL-AMERICAN heating, 
its fuel-economies and long-wearing 
qualities, make the purchase a solid 
investment. Drop us a line today and 
tell us the needs of any building in 
which you are interested — farm or 
town—cottage, church, school, store, 
etc. Booklets and special information 
are free — you incur no obligations by 
asking us questions. 
A No. 4121 IDEAL Boiler and 420 sq. 
11. of 38-in. AMERICAN Radiators, cost¬ 
ing the owner $210, were used to heat 
this cottage. At this price the goods can 
be bought of any reputable, competent 
Fitter. This did not include cost of 
labor, pipe, valves, freight, etc., which 
are extra, and vary according to clima¬ 
tic and other conditions. 
IDEAL Boilers have 
no parts to wear out; 
give sure heat control 
and save heavily in 
fuel. 
Showrooms in all 
large cities 
Write to Dept. F9 
Chicago 
Cuf&w&v Disk Harrows Fill 
Over 100 Styles and Sizes to 
We have the tool to meet the needs of every 
farmer, whether he uses one small horse or a big 
tractor engine. For over a quarter century we have been 
making Cutaway (Clark) tools so good that today 
they are the standard of real worth. Our 
little book, “As Told By Others,” tells what 
users of Cutaway (Clark) machines 
think of them. Write for it today. Ask the Cutaway 
dealer in your town to show you a Cutaway 
(Clark) harrow. If we have no dealer there, write 
direct to us for catalog:. Don't accept a substitute. 
CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 839 Main St., Higganum, Conn, 
? laker of the original Clark Double Action Harrows 
The BiU 
Choose From 
SEND FOR BOOK 
” The Soil and 
Intensive 
kner Orchard 
ltivator 
DRAFT HARROW CO., 
Does more work with less draft and leaves a 
better surface mulch than any other cultivator made. 
II Works Right Up To Your Trees 
Cultivating the entire surface beneath low branches 
without disturbing boughs or fruit. Write for cata¬ 
logue and free book “Modern Orchard Tillage.” - 
612 Nevada Street, Marshalltown, lowO 
E. C. Culbreath, Johnston. S. C., does It. Thousands of 
others doing It. Why not you? Pull an acre of 
stumps a day. Double the laud value—grow big P 
crops on virgin soil! Get a \ 
—the only all steel, triple power stump puller 
made. More power than a locomotive. 60% 
lighter, 400% stronger than cast Iron puller. 30 V 
days’free trial. 3 yearguaranteoto replace, free, 
^-castings that break from any cause. Double 
safety ratchets. Free book shows photos 
and letters from owners. Special price 
will Interest you. Writonow, Address 
Hercules Mfg. Co., |30-22d St. 
m Centerville, Iowa 
Biggest Stumps Pulled 
For 4c Each-In 5 Minutes! 
