1914. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
295 
Ruralisms 
Winter-killing in nursery the result of 
a most unusual Winter, when much stock 
GINSENG CULTURE IN CHINA. 
Bulletin No. 90 of the Office of For¬ 
eign Seed and Plant Introduction gives 
the following information about ginseng 
growing in China, furnished by Mr. N. 
Gist Gee, of Soochow University, Soo- 
chow, China: 
The soil is prepared by mixing sand 
and loam in the proportion of 1:1. The 
sand is frequently obtained by sifting it 
from the bed of a nearoy stream. In or¬ 
der to get as near as possible to the nat¬ 
ural wild environments of the plant, the 
leaves of the oak or chestnut trees are 
collected, allowed to decay and then dried. 
When dry the leaves are crumbled very 
fine, and then mixed half and half with 
sand sifted from the hillside. This is 
obtained by first removing the top layer 
and getting the unexposed earth. The 
plants are cultivated on elevated beds 
about six or eight inches above the path¬ 
ways between them. These are usually 
about wide enough for one to work them 
from one side (about two or 2 y 2 feet). 
The length of the bed varies with the kind 
of field, short on hillside, quite long in 
the valley. Fertilizer one inch thick is 
spread upon the beds before the seeds 
are planted. The beds are covered over 
with sheds with top and one side station¬ 
ary and a curtain which can roll up and 
down forming the other side. They seem 
to keep the plants sheltered throughout 
their entire period of growth, and regu¬ 
late the amount of sunlight by the cur¬ 
tains. Before planting soak the seeds 
in water for four days until they swell 
and are nearly ready to burst. Then 
take them out and dry them. This should 
be done before Fall. In the Fall bury 
a vessel in the earth in a shady place 
and put the seeds as already prepared in' 
it, leaving it uncovered. Allow them to 
freeze, leaving them in the vessel until 
Spring. Drive nails as large as ginseng 
seeds in a plank, making them about one 
inch apart. Use this to plant the seeds 
regularly about five-eighths of an inch in 
depth. Place a seed in each hole and 
cover lightly with the hand. The rows 
should be about six inches apart. Spray 
with a very fine stream of water twice a 
day. Allow the planted seeds to receive 
the sunlight until the sprouts appear. 
During all of this time the beds should be 
protected from rains, but sprayed regu¬ 
larly twice a day. The soil should be 
kept in good condition by hand cultiva¬ 
tion after the young plants come up. 
This care must be constantly given to the 
plants. The plants are taken up at the 
time they are about one year old and only 
the best ones are saved for transplant¬ 
ing. Many planters do this each year for 
six years after the plant comes up. 
Others transplant and select for only the 
first two or three years. The plants are 
planted out about six inches apart and ip 
rows about one foot apart. Care must 
be taken to give the two regular water¬ 
ings each day during the growing seasons. 
The Navel Orange in Brazil. 
We referred recently to the expedition 
sent by the Department of Agriculture 
to Brazil, for the study of Bahia Navel 
was injured in certain locations. If these 
trees had been grown on my land they 
would not have beep Winter-killed even 
when yearlings. Rome Beauty, where 
fruiting in Dutchess County, is very 
promising, as a very late-keeping apple 
of fine appearance. 
I am sole owner so far as I know of 
a new apple, named Hudson, originated 
by S. W. Underhill of Croton on Hud¬ 
son, and exhibited by him at American 
Institute Horticultural meeting the Win¬ 
ter of 1901. II is tree has been destroyed, 
but I secured scions from him in 1901, 
and have four trees top-worKed at that 
time, two of which have born five crops 
in succession, giving much promise as 
annual bearers. I have such confidence 
in the splendid promise of this apple com¬ 
mercially that I set 1,000 Spies in 1912 
and top-worked with Hudson. The Hud¬ 
son was grown from the seed of a fine 
Spy crossed naturally (supposedly) with 
Newtown Pippin. It is a red apple of 
medium size, an exceedingly smooth, fine¬ 
ly-shaped, hard apple, a very late keeper 
and when finally in eating condition in 
the Spring most people will declare it to 
be better than Spy or any other kind, 
no matter how high its quality. 
W. II. II ART. 
Dutchess Co., N. Y. 
300 BUSHELS 
of potatoes to the acre is a PRETTY GOOD 
CROP you say—then 
Don’t be satisfied with a small or medium sized 
crop when your land can be made to produce the 
maximum. 
A horse power Spramotor will insure you good 
crops in poor years, bumper crops in good ones. 
It's what you need on your place. 
Spend 15 minutes to the acre spraying twice, 
three times during the growing season and you 
will add hundreds of dollars to your income at 
harvest time. 
The Spramotor 
will pay for itself many times over in a single 
season on your own place, but that’s not all- It 
will earn you big money spraying the fields of 
your neighbors after your own crops are cared for. 
A Spramotor will make your farm produce all of 
which it iseapable. It is easy to operate. Nocom- 
plicatedparts. Nothingtogetoutoforder. There 
is a size and style built expressly for your use, 
Write for profusely illustrated book, "A Gold 
Miue on Your Farm.” It’s free. 
SPRAMOTOR COMPANY 
oranges. Mr. A. D. Shamel, who is oue 
of the members of this party, writes as 
follows to the Bureau of Plant Industry: 
One of the most striking methods that 
we have found is the practice of orange 
growers renewing their orchards. They 
cut back old trees to within about a foot 
of the ground, allow them from one to 
three sprouts to grow, from which a new 
top is developed. A few trees in each 
orchard are treated in this way each year, 
renewing the grove as a whole gradually. 
No means of combating the numerous in¬ 
sects pests and fungus diseases are prac¬ 
tised. In spite of the conditions the 
trees are fairly productive, bearing from 
200 to 500 fruits each. Considering the 
planting, 12 by 12 feet, this means a 
heavy production per acre. Oranges sell 
for 10 cents apiece in Rio. Not enough 
are produced to supply the local demand 
even at (his or higher prices. No fertil¬ 
izer and usually no cultivation is used. 
Little pruning except to cut off the lower 
branches so that people can walk under 
the trees easily. All labor is hand labor. 
The fruits are pulled from the trees and 
handled just like we handle potatoes- 
The loss from decay in market is very 
heavy naturally. We have found about 
all the California Citrus types here, and 
many others besides. 
SPRAYERS 
Are m Necessity 
and m Benefit. 
They save your crop, increase the yield 
and improve the quality. Our Spray Cal¬ 
endar shows when to spray and what 
materials to use. Our "Spray** booklet 
shows 70 combinations oi 
IEOH AGE 
Bucket, Barrel, Power and 
Traction Sprayers for 
orchard and field crops 
and other uses. Built 
complete or in units— 
buy just what you 
need. Ask your deal 
er to show them and 
let Uncle Sain bring: 
you the rest of the 
story and the spray 
calendar. Also "Iron 
Age Farm and Garden 
News” free. 
Bateman M*f*g Co. 
Boxl02-i 
Grenloch, N. J. 
SULPHUR 
for SPRAYING PURPOSES 
Tiie Best Sulphur for Lime Sulphur Solution. 
Combines easily and quickly with Lime. 
T. 8 S. C. WHITE CO.. BERGENPORT SULPHUR WORKS 
1 OO William Strool, ... NEW YORK 
Rome Beauty and Hudson Apples. 
I note what you say regarding the 
Rome Beauty apple, page 40. I am sor¬ 
ry, for I have planted freely of this kind 
as a pollenizer of my new kind, “Hud¬ 
son.” At my place, however, no one of 
all the commercial varieties suffers 
enough from Winter-killing to put it out 
of commission, Ilubbardston being most 
tender of any I have grown. Part of the 
one-year-old Rome Beauties which I re¬ 
ceived the Spring of 1912 were Winter- 
killed, but the remainder are growing 
finely, and I am confident in their fu¬ 
ture. I consider this particular case of 
Morrill & 
_ Morley Way 
The ECLIPSE Spray Pump 
has been in service 20 years. 
Durable,caicient, economical. 
I no U. S. Department of 
Agriculture uses it. ami 
you can make it profit- 
able in jour orchard, 
yard or potato Bold. 
Catalog scut r ixo, oa 0 '/V l 
request. ffc\ 
Morrill S Morley 
Mfg. Co., Box 4, 
Beaioo Harbor, Mich. 
Eclipse Spray Pum 
Then you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
’’square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Gasoline Engines 
Wood Sawing Outfits, Three Styles, All Sizes 
MAKE M0 RE MONEY — DO LESS WORK 
YOU need on your farm right now one of our gasoline en¬ 
gine,. They make money and §ave work. Take them 
wherever the work i». They are ,trong, durable, and reliahle. 
In fact they are willing worker, and never quit. Don’t deep 
another night till you have lent for information that mean, 
DOLLARS FOR YOU. Tell u, SIZE FARM YOU 
HAVE and get special proposition. DO IT NOW. 
R. CONSOLIDATED GASOLINE ENGINE CO. 
202 FULTON STREET, NEW YORK CITY 
Write For Free Book 
Howto save money,labor,] 
time. Banish blight, dis¬ 
ease and insects lrom or¬ 
chards, etc. Use, 
Brown’s Auto Spray 
Style shown has4 gal.ca¬ 
pacity—non-clogging Auto 
Pop Nozzle. 40 other styles 
and sizes—hand and power outfits. 
E.C. BrownCo., 28 Jay SI., Rochester, N.Y. 
CnDAY We Make 
jrKA» 0 ^e^bgdjy 
Bucket, Barrel, 4-Bow Potato Sprayers, Power 
Orchard Rigs, etc. World’s best line. AH latest 
devices. Mechanical liquid agitation and strainer 
cleaning. Tell us your needs—let us advise you. Cata- 
1 og with spray formulas and directions free. Address 
Field Force Pomp Co. } 2 11th St, Elmira, N.Y. 
DOUBLE 
SPRAYING 
RESULTS 
L ; y saving half the solution and labor with 
“Kant-Klog” Sprayer 
i Nine different sprays from same notzle— 
\ round or flat—coarse or fine—starts and 
"A stops instantly. Ten different styles. 
^Midi postal for special offer. Agents wanted. 
Rochester Spray Pump Co. 
195 Broadwa y, Rochester, N. 
Abundant yields and perfect fruit are possible 
omy with efficient spraying. Every leaf and limb 
must be thoroughly covered with a fog-like 
mist. It is economy to buy a good sprayer, 
capable of developing high pressure, easy-work- 
lng\ long: lasting: and exempt from breakage and 
expensive delays. Hayes sprayers meet all the 
requirements of the modern orchardist from 
small hand outfits to thejargest high pressure 
power sprayers 
built. 
We make sprayers 
25 Styles. 
Hand or Power 
Sprayers for Small 
or Large 
for orchards, field 
crops, shade trees, 
pecans, hops, poul¬ 
try, painting, home 
and garden use. 
lA/DITFT Send postal for 
Will I C. free book 84on 
High Pressure Spraying 
and complete catalog. 
H&yes Pump & 
Planter Co. 
Galva, 
III. 
Kill These Pests 
that ruin your fruit and destroy 
your trees, vines and plants. Get 
rid of scale, fungi and worms by 
spraying. Stahl’s Treatise on 
Orchard Enemies (sent free) 
will tell you how to do It with 
easy working—and efficient — 
Stahl’s Excelsior 
Spraying Outfits 
Send $3 and we will ship outfit 
complete. Try 10 days and if 
found O. K. pay balance. If not return and we’ll 
refund your money. Write today v - 
WM. STAHL SPRAYER CO. 
Box 173, Quincy, M. 
Anew 
compact pow.t 
■prayer for 
small orchards 
2B01Ss. pressor* 
on 2 nozzles 
ISO lbs. on 
4 nozzles 
' Valve, are bras, balls, each onein a separate,removable , 
J’ca^e. One and one-half H. P. Junior Engine, water cooled. 
? Strength, convenience o f operation, light weight and reliable" 
I engine are features in all 
Domestic Sprayers 
Valves and all working part* can be easily removed, cleaned 
and replaced. Pump throws a uniform, fine, misty spray. 
Automatic agitator stirs the liquid, while a small brush 
passes over the strainer and prevents clogging. We can 
furnish you with sprayers for all purposes. Send for a copy 
of our free book, ‘‘Made Money by Spraying.** 
Domestic Engine andPnmp Co,, Box 503, Stilppensborg, Pa. 
SWIFT’S ARSENATE OF LEAD 
is sure death to all leaf-eating insects. 
Save your apples, potatoes, truck gardens, berries, vegetables, fruit. 
15 years’ experience back of this pest destroyer which sets the 
Standard of Excellence. Not always lowest in price but absolutely 
cheapest in the end. Take no other brand but insist on receiving 
gimiPTiD THE HIGHEST 
OfViri O QUALITY KNOWN 
For sale by leading dealers. Write for our Apple Book. 
MERRIMflC CHEMICAL CO., 34 Broad St., Boston, Mass. 
Snrav Yfll1P TVpPSJ Flfirlv An Y time this winter and early spring when the 
,/nvncM, J 1 n, . AJaA 1 * temperature is not below 40° F. you can spray with 
6U ALLUDE ana kill the scale,eggs and larvae of insects wintering on trees, as well as spores 
of fungi that can be reached by a winter spray. Prepare now for a good fruit crop next season. 
SCALECIDE” 
TRADE MARK REG. U. S. PAT. OFFICE 
will absolutely destroy San Jose and Cottony Maple Scale. Pear Psylla.Leaf Roller, etc., without 
injury to the trees. It costs less to spray an orchard with “Scalecide” than with Lime-Sulfur— 
and you secure better results. We back up this claim. Write today for free booklets— 
Proof of the Pudding” and Spraying Simplified”. 
Write to our Service Department for orchard supplies at money-saving prices. 
We are World Distributors for 
Vreeland’s “ELECTRO” Spray Chemicals 
More than 100,000 Farmers and FruitGrowers 
' ~ Use the STANDARD SPRAY PUMP 
With it they spray their tallest orchard trees from 
the ground in half the time required by others. The 
knapsack attachment enables them to spray their 
potatoes and low growing crops at the rate of an acre an 
hour or better. They whitewash their barus and chicken 
coops and spray dip” on their live stock with the Standard 
Spray Pump. 
Made throughout of brass, with nothing to 
wear out or break, the Standard Spray 
Pump lasts a li-etime aud pays for 
itself over and over again. 
Warranted 5 Years. Price $4 
paid. (West of Denver $5.) 
Money back if not satisfied. 
Send no money but write today 
for our Special Offer and 
Catalog \f. 
The Standard Stamping Co. 
943 Main St-, Marysville, Q, 
Fro- 
