276 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
John Deere 
Two Way Plow 
The Sulky with the Steel Frame and 
Patent Auto Foot Frame Shift. 
A Few Strong Features 
All Steel and Malleable Frame— 
Steel Arch: 
Strong—Light— Durable, Alignments 
Permanent. 
Patent Auto Foot Frame Shift: 
Perfect Control—accurate width of cut. 
Long Malleable Beam Clamps: 
Beams held rigid—uniform cut. 
Automatic Shifting Hitch: 
Clevis always in position. Correct line 
of draft. 
Automatic Horse Lift: 
Pull of team raises bottoms. 
Adjustable Jointers: 
Clamped to beam. Every adjustment. 
Wide Tread: 
No tipping on hillsides. 
Chilled, Full Steel and Combina~ 
tion Bottoms: 
Every style for Eastern conditions. 
Q Removable Shin Piece: 
u Keen cutting edge—easily renewed. 
Send for John Deere Two-Way Book— 
Handsomely Illustrated in colors—Free. 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
A BOOK FOR YOU—FREE 
“Better Farm Implements and How 
to Use Them” was written for you. It 
contains 169 pages of money making ideas. 
It cost us a large sum to produce. It is 
yours for the asking. Send for package 
No. T. W. : 1 before they are all gone. 
A post card will bring you your book. 
John Deere, Moline, Ill. 
Three Soils 
That Need Lime 
SOUR 
DENSE AND COMPACT 
LOOSE AND POROUS 
EHLWLme 
A High Calcium Lime in 
Powder Form 
Shipped in 100-lb. bags ready to 
apply or will keep until you are 
ready. Most dealers carry it in 
stock; if your’s does not, please 
write us. Our free booklet ‘ ‘ Lim¬ 
ing the Land,’ tells the when, where 
and how of liming. Send for it. 
WRITE TODAY FOR OUR FREE BOOKLET 
Rockland & Rockport Lime Co. 
Rockland, Me. 
Boston, 45 Milk St.; New York. 101 Park Ave. 
]\/TY machine has netted me 
■4 about $15 a day and some¬ 
thing like $300 a month. My ex¬ 
penses have been about $3 a day 
including everything and all my 
customers are satisfied. 
SAMUEL MUSGRA VE 
Medaryville, lnd. 
BUCKEYE 
Jractwn ditcher 
A perfect trench at one cut 
The Buckeye is built in a 
number of sizes to meet con¬ 
ditions in various parts of the 
country. We sell you the 
machine best adapted to your 
territory. 
No other farm machinery pays 
such big profits on the investment. 
There is steady demand for Buck¬ 
eye Ditches and Buckeye owners 
are always busy. 
Write today for the Buckeye 
Book of Facts No. 3 See what 
other men are doing and what 
you can do. 
The Buckeye Traction 
Ditcher Company 
Findlay, Ohio 
Builders also of Buckeye Open Ditchers and 
Buckeye Gasoline Engines for farm use. 
CASH S° L g BAGS 
Turn your old bags into mono We buy them in 
any quantity, sound or torn, at a liberal price and 
pay tiie freight. Write for particulars and state 
number you have. Reference: Citizen's Bank. 
Iroquois Bag Co., 451) Howard St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
HORSE HEAD 
Pulverized raw phosphate builds fertile soils—maintains 
fertility. High test. Laboratory analysis with every car. 
WE WAN!' AGENTS. Successful experiments have 
paved the way. Price, your railroad station—liberal terms. 
THE HASEKOT CANNERIES CO., Cleveland. Ohio 
POTATOES 
Yield 398 BUSHELS per acre 
in Mass., grown by L. S. Combs, Northampton, with 
au application of 1600 lbs. per acre of 
Buffalo High Grade Manure 
over threa times the average yield in the State. 
Buffalo Brands Insuro your crops. Increase the 
yield and improve the quality. They are soluble, 
available and in perfect drilling condition. Our 
bnok. Conservation of Soil Fertility, mailed free, 
will help solve your soil problems. Also write for 
our pamphlets. Hay, Corn and Forage Crops, mem¬ 
orandum book and calendar. Agonts wanted ill 
unoccupied territory. 
International Agricultural Corporation 
BUFFALO FERTILIZER WORKS 
P. O. Box 976 
BUFFALO, N. Y. 
Not Only Do Hubbard’s 
Fertilizers 
**Rnuzt^ 
nourish and strengthen the soil, but they save labor in 
plowing and preparation for crops. 
T . , ^ ou can ffrow 5 tons of hay where 3 tons grew before. 
Learn how one man kept a field in grass for 23 consecutive years. 
*p u r booklets Soil Fertility , The Grass Crop,” “ The Apple," and a copy of Hubbard's 
IVJ4 Almanac will tell you how many seemingly wonderful results are accomplished. 
Write for them. They are free. 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO., Address Dept. A, Middletown, Conn. 
Office and Works, PORTLAND, CONN. 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. : : : 
An Experience With Vetch. 
M e have been growing vetches for a 
number of years, and find it pays to grow 
our protein instead of buying it all. In 
1011 we sowed about six pounds of seed 
on six acres with clover to support it. 
AVe started to cut it June 25, and I pulled 
up one single root that weighed seven 
pounds green and it shrunk 75% in dry¬ 
ing. It sot me to thinking about what 
one such root would make if it were possi¬ 
ble to grow one to the square foot on 
an acre. There are 43,560 square feet in 
an acre, and my theory is this seeding of 
vetch and letting it grow big, gives 21 
3-25 tons to the acre. Then I counted 
tin* seed to the pound and found 11,800, 
3.9 pound to acre, but we generally get 
an 10 or 15 pounds to the acre. The 
fourth of last July we had one single 
root that grew on light sandy soil and 
weighed five pounds greeu ; the roots were 
so strong and deep that it broke off at 
the top of the ground. I took it down 
to the State Fair and it was exhibited. I 
went to Chicago to help them dem¬ 
onstrate the value of sowing vetches in 
corn, as we also sowed it in our corn the 
last cultivation for humus to plow down, 
and had a fair stand on the low ground, 
because of the drought. 
The Delaware Experiment Station ad¬ 
vocated using $6 worth of seed per acre, 
and they considered they got .$15 to $20 
worth green stuff for p'.store on humus. 
I would not advocate more than 15 to 
20 pounds to the acre in corn. Frosts 
do not affect it, and it grows till cold 
weather for those who plow their corn 
ground in the Fall. Spring vetch is the 
same value and costs about one-half 
the price of Winter vetch and Winter 
vetch about one-half the price of Alfalfa, 
usually. 
Prof. P. G- Ilolden of Chicago, advo¬ 
cates Alfalfa on every farm, but for those 
who cannot make a success of Alfalfa I 
am confident that having abundance of 
vetch on the farm will help to double the 
value of the tillable land every 10 years, 
as I know they gather so much nitrogen 
from the air and store it in the soil. 
LYMAN CRANE. 
St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. 
Nitrate on Rye Cover Crop. 
Through carelessness my Florida rock 
was not turned under with clover last 
Summer. I have now planted rye thick; 
can I use the rock with it instead, as I 
am anxious to get it in the soil at once? 
Some of the rye is to grow tall; how 
can I apply the rock to it in order to 
plow under? Is this practicable for three 
different fields, the object being to im¬ 
prove the soil: 1. Turn rye under late, 
having top-dressed with nitrate of soda, 
harrow in lime and seed to Crimson 
clover July 20. 2. Top-dress rye with ni¬ 
trate of soda, turn under when young, 
harrow in muriate of potash, plant corn 
May 10-20, after harvesting plow at 
once for wheat, harrow in lime and plant 
wheat September 20. 3. Top-dress rye 
with nitrate of soda, turn under young, 
harrow in muriate of potash, plant corn 
followed by rye in October. f. k. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
We are not strong advocates of raw 
phosphate rock alone on our Eastern 
soils. With us the available phosphate 
has given better results. If, however, 
you intend to use the raw phosphate and 
have not turned it iii with clover, we see 
no reason why you should not spread it 
on the young rye, say in April, or be¬ 
fore the rye makes much growth. Then 
plow the rye under when you are ready, 
and fit the field as well as you can. We 
should not consider it good practice to 
use too much nitrate of soda this Spring, 
if the rye is to be turned under for 
Crimson clover. We doubt if the nitrate 
will give additional growth enough for a 
green manure crop to pay. We should 
spread the phosphate as suggested, plow 
under the rye, and use half a ton at least 
of air-slaked lime. Then fit the ground 
properly, keep it worked up, and sow 
your Crimson clover in July, making an 
application of potash at that time. For 
the second field, which is for corn, we 
would not use the nitrate of soda, but 
would plow under the rye and lime as 
before suggested; fit the land properly, 
and plant corn, using either a standard 
corn fertilizer, or a mixture of tankage, 
acid phosphate, and muriate of potash 
in the hill. We think the lime directly 
after plowing under the rye would be more 
effective than later on the wheat. For 
the third field we should also avoid the 
use of nitrate of soda, add the lime, and 
handle the corn as above. 
February 21, 
The Rural Carrier’s Side. 
I was much interested in the complaint 
printed on page 151 by “A Reader” who 
resides at a remote distance from the 
line of travel of the rural delivery route, 
and must travel over a mile back and 
forth each day to obtain his mail. I am 
a rural carrier, have been one for 11 
years, and to compare his case, with 
others of the same nature, on different 
routes in this country, it would seem 
that “A Reader” is far more fortunate 
than a great many farmers whose resi¬ 
dences are not on the public road traveled 
by the carrier. 
Take my route for comparison, which 
is 25 miles in length, and serves 138 fam¬ 
ilies. I can count 36 of them living from 
one-half to four miles from the line of 
travel by the carrier. In order to serve 
those 36 families at their residences, it 
would be necessary to drive about 45 
miles in addition to the regular route, 
making a total distance of 70 miles. “A 
Reader” can console himself with the 
fact that he is not the only victim of 
such circumstances. The chances are 
that lie had to drive four or five times 
farther before the route was in operation, 
and was perfectly satisfied to do so, but 
now that the Post Office Department has 
granted him rural delivery he wants the 
carrier to drive two miles so he can have 
his mail delivered at the door. “A Read¬ 
er” should keep in mind that there may 
be other patrons on the route whose 
farms are situated off the main road, and 
also, that the Post Office Department 
could not _ give him wuch service as he 
desires, without giving it to his neigh¬ 
bor. The department tries to get as close 
to the door of the farmer as possible, 
but to deliver at each residence on every 
route in operation at the present time 
would require the employing of more than 
oO.OOO rural carriers in addition to the 
43,000 who are now serving the American 
farmers with daily mail. 
You advise him to apply to the post¬ 
master, and if he refuses apply to Wash¬ 
ington. but the postmaster usually de¬ 
cides it. This last paragraph will no 
doubt lead many patrons of rural routes 
to believe that their postmaster has the 
authority to say where the carrier must 
or must not drive, but from my exper¬ 
ience in the service, I am sure that the 
postmaster has far less to say than the 
patron himself. In fact, I believe there 
are very few postmasters who are quali¬ 
fied to pass on such an important matter 
as the length of a rural route, not hav¬ 
ing had experience in that line. If they 
did have such power it would be unneces¬ 
sary for the Post Office Department to 
employ the hundreds of competent, and 
well-paid rural route inspectors for that 
purpose. Doubtless, if the postmasters 
had such authority some carriers would 
be driving 40 or 50 miles, while his 
brother carrier in the adjoining town 
would be driving 15 or 20 miles. It is 
more than likely that the carrier who 
serves “A Reader” is driving a standard 
route, possibly much more, and to compel 
him to drive one mile and return to his 
residence would be adding over 600 miles 
to his annual drive, without any compen¬ 
sation for such service. I do not wish to 
say that I am opposed to delivering mail 
to farmers residing at remote distances 
frome rural routes; on the contrary I 
regret that such service is not practical, 
because I believe he is entitled to the 
same service as his city brother- In the 
meantime the farmer can do much toward 
getting prompt and more efficient service 
from the carrier, by turning his attention 
to the building of better roads, and keep¬ 
ing them in good condition, also by see¬ 
ing that his mail box is located at a con¬ 
venient point, at a uniform height, and 
securely fastened to the post. There are 
a great many things that a farmer can 
do to induce the Post Office Department 
to come closer to the one residing at a 
remote distance from the lines of rural 
routes, the most important of which is 
the building of good roads. j. m. 
New York. 
Care of Geese. 
I am interested in geese but so far 
have only one flock of four Toulouse. I 
wished to make this a good paying side 
line on my farm by adding 20 or 30 more 
breeders, but have been cautioned that I 
must have separate runs for each family 
and that they cannot be adjacent to each 
other; and that these runs must have 
running water through them. I have 
heard of people keeping 40 to 50 breed¬ 
ers, and I suppose they could be allowed 
to mate up while in one flock, g. j. s. 
Canada. 
Geese do not need running water, al¬ 
though they always enjoy it. A swim¬ 
ming pool is perhaps a help during the 
breeding season, but is not an absolute 
necessity. They should always have an 
abundance of drinking water. Most of 
them would probably mate if all rau to¬ 
gether in one flock, but if you had any 
choice you should separate intended pairs 
or trios from the others in the Fall, and 
keep them by themselves till Spring. 
Even then a few individuals might take 
a notion to select their own mates. Geese 
cannot be profitably kept in small pens, 
or runs, like ducks. They need a larger 
range, and can get most of their living 
during the Summer from grass. If you 
have not had much experience with geese 
my advice would be to increase your flock 
slowly. w. H. nuSE. 
